Xxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
xx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979,
xxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx některých xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx spotřebě
(79/796/EHS)
KOMISE EVROPSKÝCH XXXXXXXXXXXX,
x xxxxxxx xx Xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx,
x xxxxxxx xx směrnici Xxxx 73/437/EHS xx xxx 11. xxxxxxxx 1973 x sbližování xxxxxxxx předpisů xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxx [1], x zejména xx xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx směrnice xxxxxxx, xx složení xxxxxxxxx cukrů se xxxxxxx analytickými metodami Xxxxxxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx počáteční xxxx xxxxx, jejichž xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, že x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 73/437/XXX xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxx bílého xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx cukru, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru a xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx cukru xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx xx na xxxxx straně xxxx xxxxxx xx do xxxxxxxxxxx dalších xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů ponechat xxxxxxxx státům xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx i nadále xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (xxxxxx 7 x 8 x příloze XX x. XXX.3 a XXX.4) xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx a Xxxxxxxx (xxxxxx 6 x příloze II x. III.3 x XXX.4);
xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx analytické xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x této xxxxxxxx xxxx v xxxxxxx xx stanoviskem Xxxxxxx xxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx,
XXXXXXX TUTO XXXXXXXX:
Xxxxxx 1
1. Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx, že xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx k xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx uvedených x xxxxxxx I xxxx xxx prováděny xxxxx metod xxxxxxxxx x příloze II xxxx směrnice.
2. Xxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxx Luffa x Xxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx XX, xxxxxx 6) xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxxxx cukru,
- v xxxxxxx bílém cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx cukru,
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- x dextrose monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xx svém xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx nebo xxxx xxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Eynona (příloha XX, metoda 7 xxxx 8).
3. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x odst. 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx x xxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Článek 2
Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx x účinnost xxxxxx a správní xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx směrnicí do 18 xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx této směrnice. Xxxxxxxxxx x nich xxxxxxx Xxxxxx.
Článek 3
Tato xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx členským xxxxxx.
V Xxxxxxx dne 26. července 1979.
Xx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
xxxx Komise
[1] Úř. věst. X 356, 27.12.1973, x. 71.
XXXXXXX X
XXXXXX POUŽITÍ XXXXXXXXXXXX METOD XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX X LIDSKÉ XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX XX
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX X OVĚŘENÍ XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX CUKRŮ URČENÝCH X LIDSKÉ SPOTŘEBĚ
ÚVOD
1. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx k xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxx xx xx vzorku oddělí xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 200 x a okamžitě xxxxxxx xx čisté, xxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx vzduchotěsným xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, přístroje x pomůcky
Při xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zařízení a xxxxxxxxx, nebo těch xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx zvláštním xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx být xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, pokud xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx na xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx se x xxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx o xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx ze xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx výsledky xxxxxxxxx v procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx platných číslic x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx je xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 1
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx bílém.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušením": hodnota xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Ztráta xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx 0,1 mg.
4.2 Xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxx nejméně 100 xx a x hloubkou xxxxxxx 30 xx.
4.4 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx aktivovaným xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx sušidlem x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 5.3 až 5.7 xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.1 Miska (4.3) xx vysuší xx xxxxxxxxxx hmotnosti x xxxxxxx (4.2) xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
5.2 Miska xx xxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 30 xx 35 xxxxx a xxxx xx zváží x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xx xxxxx xx naváží xxxxxxxxx 20 xx 30 x vzorku s xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.4 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xx sušárny (4.2) o teplotě 103 ± 2 °X, xxx xx xxxxxxx 3 xxxxxx.
5.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 mg.
5.6 Xxxxx xx znovu xxxxx xx 30 xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °C.
Nechá xx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx xx s xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx 1 xx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx-xx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx se k xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.7 Xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx nesmí být xxxxx než xxxxx xxxxxx.
6. Vyjádření výsledků
6.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušením x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx (x),
x1 je xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxx (x).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx rychle xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí být xxxxx než 0,02 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 2
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ve xxxxxxx sušárně
1. Předmět x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke stanovení xxxxxx xxxxxx
- ve xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx při xxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °C xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx nejvýše 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx x s xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx: xxxxxxxx xx v Xüxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx opakovaným xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (1 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx kyseliny x xxxxxxx 1,19 g/ml xx xxxx xxxx xxx 20 °C), xxxxx filtrát nevykazuje xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx reakci. Xxxxxxxxx xx filtru xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxxxx pH xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx 4; xxx xx xxxxxxxxx vysuší x xxxxxxx xxx 103 ± 2 °X x xxxxx xx xx vzduchotěsného xxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
5.1 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx termostatem, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx být xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xxxxxxxx rychlý xxxxxxx tepla xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx ze skleněné xxxxxx naplněné čerstvě xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti. Xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx sírovou xx sériově propojena x pračkou plynů xxxxxxxxxx na xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx udržovat x xxxxxxx xxxx 3,3 kPa (34 xxxx) xxxx nižší.
5.4 Xxxxxx váženka x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 xx x x hloubkou xxxxxxx 300 xx.
5.5 Skleněná xxxxxxx o xxxxxx xxxxx, aby nemohla xxxxx zapadnout xx xxxxxxx.
5.6 Exsikátor x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.7 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Postup
6.1 Xx xxxxxxx (5.4) xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (5.5) xx xxxxxxx přibližně 30 g xxxxxxxxx (4.1), xxx xxxxx xx xx xxxxxxx (5.1) x xxxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X x xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx).
Xxxx xx xxx xxxx xxxxxxx 5 hodin, přičemž xx přes xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xx dosáhne xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx přívodu xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx i xx skleněnou tyčinkou xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx (5.6), xxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, a xxx xx zváží.
6.3 Xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 100 ml xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx zředí 10 ml teplé xxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x skleněnou xxxxxxxx se vloží xx xxxxxxx x xxxx xx sníží xxxxxxx na 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxx xx xxx 70 ± 1 °X, xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx proud xxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxx se xxxxxxx xx xxxx 20 xxxxx; x největšímu xxxxxx xxxxxxxx má xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxx. Je xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx tlaku a xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx sušárny xxxxx xxxxxx tak, aby xx xxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx přibližně xx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx xxxxx.
6.6 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zvýšením xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx x x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx přemístí xx xxxxxxxxxx, kde xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx.
6.7 Xxxxxxx (6.5) xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 4 xxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx tlak a xxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx, xxx již xxxx dosaženo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Za konstantní xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx výsledek, xxx xxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxx 2 xx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx operace 6.7.
6.8 Xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx vzorcích xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx není xxxxxxx křemeliny x xxxx xxxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx tohoto xxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 = xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x1 = xx xxxxxxxx váženky x xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (x),
x2 = xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených xxxxxxx xxxx rychle xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx xxx 0,12 x na 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 3
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXX
(Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx stanoví xxxxx xxxxxx
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z invertního xxxxx,
- x sirupu x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx sušiny": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx se index xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx 20 °C x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx na xxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
4.1 Refraktometr x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx vodním xxxxxxxxx propojeným s xxxxx lázní, xxxxx xx udržována xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,5 °C.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx zdroj sestávající xx sodíkové xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx jsou xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x).
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.1) se xxxxx index xxxx xxxxxx při 20 °X.
6. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxx z xxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxx z xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx 1 % xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,022.
6.2 Xxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx vodou x poměru 1:1 (x/x), xxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx dvěma.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,2 x xxxxxx xx 100 x vzorku.
REFERENČNÍ XXXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxx (n) roztoků xxxxxxxxx při 20 °X [1]
|
x (20 °X) |
Xxxxxxxxx (%) |
|
1,3330 |
0,009 |
|
1,3331 |
0,078 |
|
1,3332 |
0,149 |
|
1,3333 |
0,218 |
|
1,3334 |
0,288 |
|
1,3335 |
0,358 |
|
1,3336 |
0,428 |
|
1,3337 |
0,498 |
|
1,3338 |
0,567 |
|
1,3339 |
0,637 |
|
1,3340 |
0,707 |
|
1,3341 |
0,776 |
|
1,3342 |
0,846 |
|
1,3343 |
0,915 |
|
1,3344 |
0,985 |
|
1,3345 |
1,054 |
|
1,3346 |
1,124 |
|
1,3347 |
1,193 |
|
1,3348 |
1,263 |
|
1,3349 |
1,332 |
|
1,3350 |
1,401 |
|
1,3351 |
1,470 |
|
1,3352 |
1,540 |
|
1,3353 |
1,609 |
|
1,3354 |
1,678 |
|
1,3355 |
1,747 |
|
1,3356 |
1,816 |
|
1,3357 |
1,885 |
|
1,3358 |
1,954 |
|
1,3359 |
2,023 |
|
1,3360 |
2,092 |
|
1,3361 |
2,161 |
|
1,3362 |
2,230 |
|
1,3363 |
2,299 |
|
1,3364 |
2,367 |
|
1,3365 |
2,436 |
|
1,3366 |
2,505 |
|
1,3367 |
2,574 |
|
1,3368 |
2,642 |
|
1,3369 |
2,711 |
|
1,3370 |
2,779 |
|
1,3371 |
2,848 |
|
1,3372 |
2,917 |
|
1,3373 |
2,985 |
|
1,3374 |
3,053 |
|
1,3375 |
3,122 |
|
1,3376 |
3,190 |
|
1,3377 |
3,259 |
|
1,3378 |
3,327 |
|
1,3379 |
3,395 |
|
1,3380 |
3,463 |
|
1,3381 |
3,532 |
|
1,3382 |
3,600 |
|
1,3383 |
3,668 |
|
1,3384 |
3,736 |
|
1,3385 |
3,804 |
|
1,3386 |
3,872 |
|
1,3387 |
3,940 |
|
1,3388 |
4,008 |
|
1,3389 |
4,076 |
|
1,3390 |
4,144 |
|
1,3391 |
4,212 |
|
1,3392 |
4,279 |
|
1,3393 |
4,347 |
|
1,3394 |
4,415 |
|
1,3395 |
4,483 |
|
1,3396 |
4,550 |
|
1,3397 |
4,618 |
|
1,3398 |
4,686 |
|
1,3399 |
4,753 |
|
1,3400 |
4,821 |
|
1,3401 |
4,888 |
|
1,3402 |
4,956 |
|
1,3403 |
5,023 |
|
1,3404 |
5,091 |
|
1,3405 |
5,158 |
|
1,3406 |
5,225 |
|
1,3407 |
5,293 |
|
1,3408 |
5,360 |
|
1,3409 |
5,427 |
|
1,3410 |
5,494 |
|
1,3411 |
5,562 |
|
1,3412 |
5,629 |
|
1,3413 |
5,696 |
|
1,3414 |
5,763 |
|
1,3415 |
5,830 |
|
1,3416 |
5,897 |
|
1,3417 |
5,964 |
|
1,3418 |
6,031 |
|
1,3419 |
6,098 |
|
1,3420 |
6,165 |
|
1,3421 |
6,231 |
|
1,3422 |
6,298 |
|
1,3423 |
6,365 |
|
1,3424 |
6,432 |
|
1,3425 |
6,498 |
|
1,3426 |
6,565 |
|
1,3427 |
6,632 |
|
1,3428 |
6,698 |
|
1,3429 |
6,765 |
|
1,3430 |
6,831 |
|
1,3431 |
6,898 |
|
1,3432 |
6,964 |
|
1,3433 |
7,031 |
|
1,3434 |
7,097 |
|
1,3435 |
7,164 |
|
1,3436 |
7,230 |
|
1,3437 |
7,296 |
|
1,3438 |
7,362 |
|
1,3439 |
7,429 |
|
1,3440 |
7,495 |
|
1,3441 |
7,561 |
|
1,3442 |
7,627 |
|
1,3443 |
7,693 |
|
1,3444 |
7,759 |
|
1,3445 |
7,825 |
|
1,3446 |
7,891 |
|
1,3447 |
7,957 |
|
1,3448 |
8,023 |
|
1,3449 |
8,089 |
|
1,3450 |
8,155 |
|
1,3451 |
8,221 |
|
1,3452 |
8,287 |
|
1,3453 |
8,352 |
|
1,3454 |
8,418 |
|
1,3455 |
8,484 |
|
1,3456 |
8,550 |
|
1,3457 |
8,615 |
|
1&xxxx;3458 |
8,681 |
|
1,3459 |
8,746 |
|
1,3460 |
8,812 |
|
1,3461 |
8,878 |
|
1,3462 |
8,943 |
|
1,3463 |
9,008 |
|
1,3464 |
9,074 |
|
1,3465 |
9,139 |
|
1,3466 |
9,205 |
|
1,3467 |
9,270 |
|
1,3468 |
9,335 |
|
1,3469 |
9,400 |
|
1,3470 |
9,466 |
|
1,3471 |
9,531 |
|
1,3472 |
9,596 |
|
1,3473 |
9,661 |
|
1,3474 |
9,726 |
|
1,3475 |
9,791 |
|
1,3476 |
9,856 |
|
1,3477 |
9,921 |
|
1,3478 |
9,986 |
|
1,3479 |
10,051 |
|
1,3480 |
10,116 |
|
1,3481 |
10,181 |
|
1,3482 |
10,246 |
|
1,3483 |
10,311 |
|
1,3484 |
10,375 |
|
1,3485 |
10,440 |
|
1,3486 |
10,505 |
|
1,3487 |
10,570 |
|
1,3488 |
10,634 |
|
1,3489 |
10,699 |
|
1,3490 |
10,763 |
|
1,3491 |
10,828 |
|
1,3492 |
10,892 |
|
1,3493 |
10,957 |
|
1,3494 |
11,021 |
|
1,3495 |
11,086 |
|
1,3496 |
11,150 |
|
1,3497 |
11,215 |
|
1,3498 |
11,279 |
|
1,3499 |
11,343 |
|
1,3500 |
11,407 |
|
1,3501 |
11,472 |
|
1,3502 |
11,536 |
|
1,3503 |
11,600 |
|
1,3504 |
11,664 |
|
1,3505 |
11,728 |
|
1,3506 |
11,792 |
|
1,3507 |
11,856 |
|
1,3508 |
11,920 |
|
1,3509 |
11,984 |
|
1,3510 |
12,048 |
|
1,3511 |
12,112 |
|
1,3512 |
12,176 |
|
1,3513 |
12,240 |
|
1,3514 |
12,304 |
|
1,3515 |
12,368 |
|
1,3516 |
12,431 |
|
1,3517 |
12,495 |
|
1,3518 |
12,559 |
|
1,3519 |
12,623 |
|
1,3520 |
12,686 |
|
1,3521 |
12,750 |
|
1,3522 |
12,813 |
|
1,3523 |
12,877 |
|
1,3524 |
12,940 |
|
1,3525 |
13,004 |
|
1,3526 |
13,067 |
|
1,3527 |
13,131 |
|
1,3528 |
13,194 |
|
1,3529 |
13,258 |
|
1,3530 |
13,321 |
|
1,3531 |
13,384 |
|
1,3532 |
13,448 |
|
1,3533 |
13,511 |
|
1,3534 |
13,574 |
|
1,3535 |
13,637 |
|
1,3536 |
13,700 |
|
1,3537 |
13,763 |
|
1,3538 |
13,826 |
|
1,3539 |
13,890 |
|
1,3540 |
13,953 |
|
1,3541 |
14,016 |
|
1,3542 |
14,079 |
|
1,3543 |
14,141 |
|
1,3544 |
14,204 |
|
1,3545 |
14,267 |
|
1,3546 |
14,330 |
|
1,3547 |
14,393 |
|
1,3548 |
14,456 |
|
1,3549 |
14,518 |
|
1,3550 |
14,581 |
|
1,3551 |
14,644 |
|
1,3552 |
14,707 |
|
1,3553 |
14,769 |
|
1,3554 |
14,832 |
|
1,3555 |
14,894 |
|
1,3556 |
14,957 |
|
1,3557 |
15,019 |
|
1,3558 |
15,082 |
|
1,3559 |
15,144 |
|
1,3560 |
15,207 |
|
1,3561 |
15,269 |
|
1,3562 |
15,332 |
|
1,3563 |
15,394 |
|
1,3564 |
15,456 |
|
1,3565 |
15,518 |
|
1,3566 |
15,581 |
|
1,3567 |
15,643 |
|
1,3568 |
15,705 |
|
1,3569 |
15,767 |
|
1,3570 |
15,829 |
|
1,3571 |
15,891 |
|
1,3572 |
15,953 |
|
1,3573 |
16,016 |
|
1,3574 |
16,078 |
|
1,3575 |
16,140 |
|
1,3576 |
16,201 |
|
1,3577 |
16,263 |
|
1,3578 |
16,325 |
|
1,3579 |
16,387 |
|
1,3580 |
16,449 |
|
1,3581 |
16,511 |
|
1,3582 |
16,573 |
|
1,3583 |
16,634 |
|
1,3584 |
16,696 |
|
1,3585 |
16,758 |
|
1,3586 |
16,819 |
|
1,3587 |
16,881 |
|
1,3588 |
16,943 |
|
1,3389 |
17,004 |
|
1,3590 |
17,066 |
|
1,3591 |
17,127 |
|
1,3592 |
17,189 |
|
1,3593 |
17,250 |
|
1,3594 |
17,311 |
|
1,3595 |
17,373 |
|
1,3596 |
17,434 |
|
1,3597 |
17,496 |
|
1,3598 |
17,557 |
|
1,3599 |
17,618 |
|
1,3600 |
17,679 |
|
1,3601 |
17,741 |
|
1,3602 |
17,802 |
|
1,3603 |
17,863 |
|
1,3604 |
17,924 |
|
1,3605 |
17,985 |
|
1,3606 |
18,046 |
|
1,3607 |
18,107 |
|
1,3608 |
18,168 |
|
1,3609 |
18,229 |
|
1,3610 |
18,290 |
|
1,3610 |
18,351 |
|
1,3611 |
18,412 |
|
1,3613 |
18,473 |
|
1,3614 |
18,534 |
|
1,3615 |
18,595 |
|
1,3616 |
18,655 |
|
1,3617 |
18,716 |
|
1,3618 |
18,777 |
|
1,3619 |
18,837 |
|
1,3620 |
18,898 |
|
1,3621 |
18,959 |
|
1,3622 |
19,019 |
|
1,3623 |
19,080 |
|
1,3624 |
19,141 |
|
1,3625 |
19,201 |
|
1,3626 |
19,262 |
|
1,3627 |
19,322 |
|
1,3628 |
19,382 |
|
1,3629 |
19,443 |
|
1,3630 |
19,503 |
|
1,3631 |
19,564 |
|
1,3632 |
19,624 |
|
1,3633 |
19,684 |
|
1,3634 |
19,745 |
|
1,3635 |
19,805 |
|
1,3636 |
19,865 |
|
1,3637 |
19,925 |
|
1,3638 |
19,985 |
|
1,3639 |
20,045 |
|
1,3640 |
20,106 |
|
1.3641 |
20,166 |
|
1,3642 |
20,226 |
|
1,3643 |
20,286 |
|
1,3644 |
20,346 |
|
1,3645 |
20,406 |
|
1,3646 |
20,466 |
|
1,3647 |
20,525 |
|
1,3648 |
20,585 |
|
1,3649 |
20,645 |
|
1,3650 |
20,705 |
|
1,3651 |
20,765 |
|
1,3652 |
20,825 |
|
1,3653 |
20,884 |
|
1,3654 |
20,944 |
|
1,3655 |
21,004 |
|
1,3656 |
21,063 |
|
1,3657 |
21,123 |
|
1,3658 |
21,183 |
|
1,3659 |
21,242 |
|
1,3660 |
21,302 |
|
1,3661 |
21,361 |
|
1,3662 |
21,421 |
|
1,3563 |
21,480 |
|
1,3664 |
21,540 |
|
1,3665 |
21,599 |
|
1,3666 |
21,658 |
|
1,3667 |
21,718 |
|
1,3668 |
21,777 |
|
1,3669 |
21,836 |
|
1,3670 |
21,896 |
|
1,3671 |
21,955 |
|
1,3672 |
22,014 |
|
1,1673 |
22,073 |
|
1,3674 |
22,132 |
|
1,3675 |
22,192 |
|
1,3676 |
22,251 |
|
1,1677 |
22,310 |
|
1,3678 |
22,369 |
|
1,3679 |
22,428 |
|
1,3680 |
22,487 |
|
1,3681 |
22,546 |
|
1,3682 |
22,605 |
|
1,3683 |
22,664 |
|
1,3684 |
22,723 |
|
1,3685 |
22,781 |
|
1,3686 |
22,840 |
|
1,3687 |
22,899 |
|
1,3688 |
22,958 |
|
1,3689 |
23,017 |
|
1,3690 |
23,075 |
|
1,3691 |
23,134 |
|
1,3692 |
23,193 |
|
1,3693 |
23,251 |
|
1,3694 |
23,310 |
|
1,3695 |
23,369 |
|
1,3696 |
23,427 |
|
1,3697 |
23,486 |
|
1,3698 |
23,544 |
|
1,3699 |
23,603 |
|
1,3700 |
23,661 |
|
1,3701 |
23,720 |
|
1,3702 |
23,778 |
|
1,3703 |
23,836 |
|
1,3704 |
23,895 |
|
1,3705 |
23,953 |
|
1,3706 |
24,011 |
|
1,3707 |
24,070 |
|
1,3708 |
24,128 |
|
1,3709 |
24,186 |
|
1,3710 |
24,244 |
|
1,3711 |
24,302 |
|
1,3712 |
24,361 |
|
1,3713 |
24,419 |
|
1,3714 |
24,477 |
|
1,3715 |
24,535 |
|
1,3716 |
24,593 |
|
1,3717 |
24,651 |
|
1,3718 |
24,709 |
|
1,3719 |
24,767 |
|
1,3720 |
24,825 |
|
1,3721 |
24,883 |
|
1,3722 |
24,941 |
|
1,3723 |
24,998 |
|
1,3724 |
25,056 |
|
1,3725 |
25,114 |
|
1,3726 |
25,172 |
|
1,3727 |
25,230 |
|
1,3728 |
25287 |
|
1,3729 |
25,345 |
|
1,3730 |
25,403 |
|
1,3731 |
25,460 |
|
1,3732 |
25,518 |
|
1,3733 |
25,576 |
|
1,3734 |
25,633 |
|
1,3735 |
25,691 |
|
1,3736 |
25,748 |
|
1,3737 |
25,806 |
|
1,3738 |
25,863 |
|
1,3739 |
25,921 |
|
1,3740 |
25,978 |
|
1,3741 |
26,035 |
|
1,3742 |
26,093 |
|
1,3743 |
26,150 |
|
1,3744 |
26,207 |
|
1,3745 |
26,265 |
|
1,3746 |
26,322 |
|
1,3747 |
26,379 |
|
1,3748 |
26,436 |
|
1,3749 |
26,493 |
|
1,3750 |
26,551 |
|
1,3751 |
26,608 |
|
1,3752 |
26,665 |
|
1,3753 |
26,722 |
|
1,3754 |
26,779 |
|
1,3755 |
26,836 |
|
1,3756 |
26,893 |
|
1,3757 |
26,950 |
|
1,3758 |
27,007 |
|
1,3759 |
27,064 |
|
1,3760 |
27,121 |
|
1,3761 |
27,178 |
|
1,3762 |
27,234 |
|
1,3763 |
27,291 |
|
1,3764 |
27,348 |
|
1,3765 |
27,405 |
|
1,3765 |
27,462 |
|
1,3767 |
27,518 |
|
1,3768 |
27,575 |
|
1,3769 |
27,632 |
|
1,3770 |
27,688 |
|
1,3771 |
27,745 |
|
1,3772 |
27,802 |
|
1,3773 |
27,858 |
|
1,3774 |
27,915 |
|
1,3775 |
27,971 |
|
1,3776 |
28,028 |
|
1,3777 |
28,084 |
|
1,3778 |
28,141 |
|
1,3779 |
28,197 |
|
1,3780 |
28,253 |
|
1,3781 |
28,310 |
|
1,3782 |
28,366 |
|
1,3783 |
28,422 |
|
1,3784 |
28,479 |
|
1,3785 |
28,535 |
|
1,3786 |
28,591 |
|
1,3787 |
28,648 |
|
1,3788 |
28,704 |
|
1,3789 |
28,760 |
|
1,3790 |
28,816 |
|
1,3791 |
28,872 |
|
1,3792 |
28,928 |
|
1,3793 |
28,984 |
|
1,3794 |
29,040 |
|
1,3795 |
29,096 |
|
1,3796 |
29,152 |
|
1,3797 |
29,208 |
|
1,3798 |
29,264 |
|
1,3799 |
29,320 |
|
1,3800 |
29,376 |
|
1,3801 |
29,432 |
|
1,3802 |
29,488 |
|
1,3803 |
29,544 |
|
1,3804 |
29,600 |
|
1,3805 |
29,655 |
|
1,3806 |
29,711 |
|
1,3807 |
29,767 |
|
1,3808 |
29,823 |
|
1,3809 |
29,878 |
|
1,3810 |
29,934 |
|
1,3811 |
29,989 |
|
1,3812 |
30,045 |
|
1,3813 |
30,101 |
|
1,3814 |
30,156 |
|
1,3815 |
30,212 |
|
1,3816 |
30,267 |
|
1,3817 |
30,323 |
|
1,3818 |
30,378 |
|
1,3819 |
30,434 |
|
1,3820 |
30,489 |
|
1,3821 |
30,544 |
|
1,3822 |
30,600 |
|
1,3823 |
30,655 |
|
1,3824 |
30,711 |
|
1,3825 |
30,766 |
|
1,3826 |
30,821 |
|
1,3827 |
30,876 |
|
1,3828 |
30,932 |
|
1,3829 |
30,987 |
|
1,3830 |
31,042 |
|
1,3831 |
31,097 |
|
1,3832 |
31,152 |
|
1,3833 |
31,207 |
|
1,3834 |
31,262 |
|
1,3835 |
31,317 |
|
1,3836 |
31,372 |
|
1,3837 |
31,428 |
|
1,3838 |
31,482 |
|
1,3839 |
31,537 |
|
1,3840 |
31,592 |
|
1,3841 |
31,647 |
|
1,3842 |
31,702 |
|
1,3843 |
31,757 |
|
1,3844 |
31,812 |
|
1,3845 |
31,867 |
|
1,3846 |
31,922 |
|
1,3847 |
31,976 |
|
1,3848 |
32,031 |
|
1,3849 |
32,086 |
|
1,3850 |
32,140 |
|
1,3851 |
32,195 |
|
1,3852 |
32,250 |
|
1,3853 |
32,304 |
|
1,3854 |
32,359 |
|
1,3855 |
32,414 |
|
1,3856 |
32,468 |
|
1,3857 |
32,523 |
|
1,3858 |
32,577 |
|
1,3859 |
32,632 |
|
1,3860 |
32,686 |
|
1,3861 |
32,741 |
|
1,3862 |
32,795 |
|
1,3863 |
32,849 |
|
1,3864 |
32,904 |
|
1,3865 |
32,958 |
|
1,3866 |
33,013 |
|
1,3867 |
33,067 |
|
1,3868 |
33,121 |
|
1,3889 |
33,175 |
|
1,3870 |
33,230 |
|
1,3871 |
33,284 |
|
1,3872 |
33,338 |
|
1,3873 |
33,392 |
|
1,3874 |
33,446 |
|
1,3875 |
33,500 |
|
1,3876 |
33,555 |
|
1,3877 |
33,609 |
|
1,3878 |
33,663 |
|
1,3879 |
33,717 |
|
1,3880 |
33,771 |
|
1,3881 |
33,825 |
|
1,3882 |
33,879 |
|
1,3883 |
33,933 |
|
1,3884 |
33,987 |
|
1,3885 |
34,040 |
|
1,3886 |
34,094 |
|
1,3887 |
34,148 |
|
1,3888 |
34,202 |
|
1,3889 |
34,256 |
|
1,3890 |
34,310 |
|
1,3891 |
34,363 |
|
1,3892 |
34,417 |
|
1,3893 |
34,471 |
|
1,3894 |
34,524 |
|
1,3895 |
34,578 |
|
1,3896 |
34,632 |
|
1,3897 |
34,685 |
|
1,3898 |
34,739 |
|
1,3899 |
34,793 |
|
1,3900 |
34,846 |
|
1,3901 |
34,900 |
|
1,3902 |
34,953 |
|
1,3903 |
35,007 |
|
1,3904 |
35,060 |
|
1,3905 |
35,114 |
|
1,3906 |
35,167 |
|
1,3907 |
35,220 |
|
1,3908 |
35,274 |
|
1,3909 |
35,327 |
|
1,3910 |
35,380 |
|
1,3911 |
35,434 |
|
1,3912 |
35,487 |
|
1,3913 |
35,540 |
|
1,3914 |
35,593 |
|
1,3915 |
35,647 |
|
1,3916 |
35,700 |
|
1,3917 |
35,753 |
|
1,3918 |
35,806 |
|
1,3919 |
35,859 |
|
1,3920 |
35,912 |
|
1,3921 |
35,966 |
|
1,3922 |
36,019 |
|
1,3923 |
36,072 |
|
1,3924 |
36,125 |
|
1,3925 |
36,178 |
|
1,3926 |
36,231 |
|
1,3927 |
36,284 |
|
1,3928 |
36,337 |
|
1,3929 |
36,389 |
|
1,3930 |
36,442 |
|
1,3931 |
36,495 |
|
1,3932 |
36,548 |
|
1,3933 |
36,601 |
|
1,3934 |
36,654 |
|
1,3935 |
36,706 |
|
1,3936 |
36,759 |
|
1,3937 |
36,812 |
|
1,3938 |
36,865 |
|
1,3939 |
36,917 |
|
1,3940 |
36,970 |
|
1,3941 |
37,023 |
|
1,3942 |
37,075 |
|
1,3943 |
37,128 |
|
1,3944 |
37,180 |
|
1,3945 |
37,233 |
|
1,3946 |
37,286 |
|
1,3947 |
37,338 |
|
1,3948 |
37,391 |
|
1,3949 |
37,443 |
|
1,3950 |
37,495 |
|
1,3951 |
37,548 |
|
1,3952 |
37,600 |
|
1,3953 |
37,653 |
|
1,3954 |
37,705 |
|
1,3955 |
37,757 |
|
1,3956 |
37,810 |
|
1,3957 |
37,862 |
|
1,3958 |
37,914 |
|
1,3959 |
37,967 |
|
1,3960 |
38,019 |
|
1,3961 |
38,071 |
|
1,3962 |
38,123 |
|
1,3963 |
38,175 |
|
1,3964 |
38,228 |
|
1,3965 |
38,280 |
|
1,3966 |
38,332 |
|
1,3967 |
38,384 |
|
1,3968 |
38,436 |
|
1,3969 |
38,488 |
|
1,3970 |
38,540 |
|
1,3971 |
38,592 |
|
1,3972 |
38,644 |
|
1,3973 |
38,696 |
|
1,3974 |
38,748 |
|
1,3975 |
38,800 |
|
1,3976 |
38,852 |
|
1,3977 |
38,904 |
|
1,3978 |
38,955 |
|
1,3979 |
39,007 |
|
1,3980 |
39,059 |
|
1,3981 |
39,111 |
|
1,3982 |
39,163 |
|
1,3983 |
39,214 |
|
1,3984 |
39,266 |
|
1,3985 |
39,318 |
|
1,3986 |
39,370 |
|
1,3987 |
39,421 |
|
1,3988 |
39,473 |
|
1,3989 |
39,525 |
|
1,3990 |
39,576 |
|
1,3991 |
39,628 |
|
1,3992 |
39,679 |
|
1,3993 |
39,731 |
|
1,3994 |
39,782 |
|
1,3995 |
39,834 |
|
1,3996 |
39,885 |
|
1,3997 |
39,937 |
|
1,3998 |
39,988 |
|
1,3999 |
40,040 |
|
1,4000 |
40,091 |
|
1,4001 |
40,142 |
|
1,4002 |
40,194 |
|
1,4003 |
40,245 |
|
1,4004 |
40,296 |
|
1,4005 |
40,348 |
|
1,4006 |
40,399 |
|
1,4007 |
40,450 |
|
1,4008 |
40,501 |
|
1,4009 |
40,553 |
|
1,4010 |
40,604 |
|
1,4011 |
40,655 |
|
1,4012 |
40,706 |
|
1,4013 |
40,757 |
|
1,4014 |
40,808 |
|
1,4015 |
40,860 |
|
1,4016 |
40,911 |
|
1,4017 |
40,962 |
|
1,4018 |
41,013 |
|
1,4019 |
41,064 |
|
1,4020 |
41,115 |
|
1,4021 |
41,166 |
|
1,4022 |
41,217 |
|
1,4023 |
41,268 |
|
1,4024 |
41,318 |
|
1,4025 |
41,369 |
|
1,4026 |
41,420 |
|
1,4027 |
41,471 |
|
1,4028 |
41,522 |
|
1,4029 |
41,573 |
|
1,4030 |
41,623 |
|
1,4031 |
41,674 |
|
1,4032 |
41,725 |
|
1,4033 |
41,776 |
|
1,4034 |
41,826 |
|
1,4035 |
41,877 |
|
1,4036 |
41,928 |
|
1,4037 |
41,978 |
|
1,4038 |
42,029 |
|
1,4039 |
42,080 |
|
1,4040 |
42,130 |
|
1,4041 |
42,181 |
|
1,4042 |
42,231 |
|
1,4043 |
42,282 |
|
1,4044 |
42,332 |
|
1,4045 |
42,383 |
|
1,4046 |
42,433 |
|
1,4047 |
42,484 |
|
1,4048 |
42,534 |
|
1,4049 |
42,585 |
|
1,4050 |
42,635 |
|
1,4051 |
42,685 |
|
1,4052 |
42,736 |
|
1,4053 |
42,786 |
|
1,4054 |
42,836 |
|
1,4055 |
42,887 |
|
1,4056 |
42,937 |
|
1,4057 |
42,987 |
|
1,4058 |
43,037 |
|
1,4059 |
43,088 |
|
1,4060 |
43,138 |
|
1,4061 |
43,188 |
|
1,4062 |
43,238 |
|
1,4063 |
43,288 |
|
1,4064 |
43,338 |
|
1,4065 |
43,388 |
|
1,4066 |
43,439 |
|
1,4067 |
43,489 |
|
1,4068 |
43,539 |
|
1,4069 |
43,589 |
|
1,4070 |
43,639 |
|
1,4071 |
43,689 |
|
1,4072 |
43739 |
|
1,4073 |
43,789 |
|
1,4074 |
43,838 |
|
1,4075 |
43,888 |
|
1,4076 |
43,938 |
|
1,4077 |
43,988 |
|
1,4078 |
44,038 |
|
1,4079 |
44,088 |
|
1,4080 |
44,138 |
|
1,4081 |
44,187 |
|
1,4082 |
44,237 |
|
1,4083 |
44,287 |
|
1,4084 |
44,337 |
|
1,4085 |
44,386 |
|
1,4086 |
44,436 |
|
1,4087 |
44,486 |
|
1,4088 |
44,535 |
|
1,4089 |
44,585 |
|
1,4090 |
44,635 |
|
1,4091 |
44,684 |
|
1,4092 |
44,734 |
|
1,4093 |
44,783 |
|
1,4094 |
44,833 |
|
1,4095 |
44,882 |
|
1,4096 |
44,932 |
|
1,4097 |
44,981 |
|
1,4098 |
45,031 |
|
1,4099 |
45,080 |
|
1,4100 |
45,130 |
|
1,4101 |
43,179 |
|
1,4102 |
45,228 |
|
1,4103 |
45,278 |
|
1,4104 |
45,327 |
|
1,4105 |
45,376 |
|
1,4106 |
45,426 |
|
1,4107 |
45,475 |
|
1,4108 |
45,524 |
|
1,4109 |
45,574 |
|
1,4110 |
45,623 |
|
1,4111 |
45,672 |
|
1,4112 |
45,721 |
|
1,4113 |
45,770 |
|
1,4114 |
45,820 |
|
1,4115 |
45,869 |
|
1,4116 |
45,918 |
|
1,4117 |
46,967 |
|
1,4118 |
46,016 |
|
1,4119 |
46,065 |
|
1,4120 |
46,114 |
|
1,4121 |
46,163 |
|
1,4122 |
46,212 |
|
1,4123 |
46,261 |
|
1,4124 |
46,310 |
|
1,4125 |
46,359 |
|
1,4126 |
46,408 |
|
1,4127 |
46,457 |
|
1,4128 |
46,506 |
|
1,4129 |
46,555 |
|
1,4130 |
46,604 |
|
1,4131 |
46,652 |
|
1,4132 |
46,701 |
|
1,4133 |
46,750 |
|
1,4134 |
46,799 |
|
1,4135 |
46,848 |
|
1,4136 |
46,896 |
|
1,4137 |
46,945 |
|
1,4138 |
46,994 |
|
1,4139 |
47,043 |
|
1,4140 |
47,091 |
|
1,4141 |
47,140 |
|
1,4141 |
47,188 |
|
1,4143 |
47,237 |
|
1,4144 |
47,286 |
|
1,4145 |
47,334 |
|
1,4146 |
47,383 |
|
1,4147 |
47,431 |
|
1,4148 |
47,480 |
|
1,4149 |
47,528 |
|
1,4150 |
47,577 |
|
1,4151 |
47,625 |
|
1,4152 |
47,674 |
|
1,4153 |
47,722 |
|
1,4154 |
47,771 |
|
1,4155 |
47,819 |
|
1,4156 |
47,868 |
|
1,4157 |
47,916 |
|
1,4158 |
47,964 |
|
1,4159 |
48,013 |
|
1,4160 |
48,061 |
|
1,4161 |
48,109 |
|
1,4162 |
48,158 |
|
1,4163 |
48,206 |
|
1,4164 |
48,254 |
|
1,4165 |
48,302 |
|
1,4166 |
48,350 |
|
1,4167 |
48,399 |
|
1,4168 |
48,447 |
|
1,4169 |
48,495 |
|
1,4170 |
48,543 |
|
1,4171 |
48,591 |
|
1,4172 |
48,639 |
|
1,4173 |
48,687 |
|
1,4174 |
48,735 |
|
1,4175 |
48,784 |
|
1,4176 |
48,832 |
|
1,4177 |
48,880 |
|
1,4178 |
48,928 |
|
1,4179 |
48,976 |
|
1,4180 |
49,023 |
|
1,4181 |
49,071 |
|
1,4182 |
49,119 |
|
1,4183 |
49,167 |
|
1,4184 |
49,215 |
|
1,4185 |
49,263 |
|
1,4186 |
49,311 |
|
1,4187 |
49,359 |
|
1,4188 |
49,407 |
|
1,4189 |
49,454 |
|
1,4190 |
49,502 |
|
1,4191 |
49,550 |
|
1,4192 |
49,598 |
|
1,4193 |
49,645 |
|
1,4194 |
49,693 |
|
1,4195 |
49,741 |
|
1,4196 |
49,788 |
|
1,4197 |
49,836 |
|
1,4198 |
49,884 |
|
1,4199 |
49,931 |
|
1,4200 |
49,979 |
|
1,4201 |
50,027 |
|
1,4202 |
50,074 |
|
1,4203 |
50,122 |
|
1,4204 |
50,169 |
|
1,4205 |
50,217 |
|
1,4206 |
50,264 |
|
1,4207 |
50,312 |
|
1,4208 |
50,359 |
|
1,4209 |
50,407 |
|
1,4210 |
50,454 |
|
1,4211 |
50,502 |
|
1,4212 |
50,549 |
|
1,4213 |
50,596 |
|
1,4214 |
50,644 |
|
1,4215 |
50,691 |
|
1,4216 |
50,738 |
|
1,4217 |
50,786 |
|
1,4218 |
50,833 |
|
1,4219 |
50,880 |
|
1,4220 |
50,928 |
|
1,4221 |
50,975 |
|
1,4222 |
51,022 |
|
1,4223 |
51,069 |
|
1,4224 |
51,116 |
|
1,4225 |
51,164 |
|
1,4226 |
51,211 |
|
1,4227 |
51,258 |
|
1,4228 |
51305 |
|
1,4229 |
51,352 |
|
1,4230 |
51,399 |
|
1,4231 |
51,446 |
|
1,4232 |
51,493 |
|
1,4233 |
51,540 |
|
1,4234 |
51,587 |
|
1,4235 |
51,634 |
|
1,4236 |
51,681 |
|
1,4237 |
51,728 |
|
1,4238 |
51,775 |
|
1,4239 |
51,822 |
|
1,4240 |
51,869 |
|
1,4241 |
51,916 |
|
1,4242 |
51,963 |
|
1,4243 |
52,010 |
|
1,4244 |
52,057 |
|
1,4245 |
52,104 |
|
1,4246 |
52,150 |
|
1,4247 |
52,197 |
|
1,4248 |
52,244 |
|
1,4249 |
52,291 |
|
1,4250 |
52,338 |
|
1,4251 |
52,384 |
|
1,4252 |
52,431 |
|
1,4253 |
52,478 |
|
1,4254 |
52,524 |
|
1,4255 |
52,571 |
|
1,4256 |
52,618 |
|
1,4257 |
52,664 |
|
1,4258 |
52,711 |
|
1,4259 |
52,758 |
|
1,4260 |
52,804 |
|
1,4261 |
52,851 |
|
1,4261 |
52,897 |
|
1,4263 |
52,944 |
|
1,4264 |
52,990 |
|
1,4265 |
53,037 |
|
1,4266 |
53,083 |
|
1,4267 |
53,130 |
|
1,4268 |
53,176 |
|
1,4269 |
53,223 |
|
1,4270 |
53,269 |
|
1,4271 |
53,316 |
|
1,4272 |
53,362 |
|
1,4273 |
53,408 |
|
1,4274 |
53,455 |
|
1,4275 |
53,501 |
|
1,4276 |
53,548 |
|
1,4277 |
53,594 |
|
1,4278 |
53,640 |
|
1,4279 |
53,686 |
|
1,4280 |
53,733 |
|
1,4281 |
53,779 |
|
1,4282 |
53,825 |
|
1,4283 |
53,871 |
|
1,4284 |
53,918 |
|
1,4285 |
53,964 |
|
1,4286 |
54,010 |
|
1,4287 |
54,056 |
|
1,4288 |
54,102 |
|
1,4289 |
54,148 |
|
1,4290 |
54,194 |
|
1,4291 |
54,241 |
|
1,4292 |
54,287 |
|
1,4293 |
54,333 |
|
1,4294 |
54,379 |
|
1,4295 |
54,425 |
|
1,4296 |
54,471 |
|
1,4297 |
54,517 |
|
1,4298 |
54,563 |
|
1,4299 |
54,609 |
|
1,4300 |
54,655 |
|
1,4301 |
54,701 |
|
1,4302 |
54,746 |
|
1,4303 |
54,792 |
|
1,4304 |
54,838 |
|
1,4305 |
54,884 |
|
1,4306 |
54,930 |
|
1,4307 |
54,976 |
|
1,4308 |
55,022 |
|
1,4309 |
55067 |
|
1,4310 |
55,113 |
|
1,4311 |
55,159 |
|
1,4312 |
55,205 |
|
1,4313 |
55,250 |
|
1,4314 |
55,296 |
|
1,4315 |
55,342 |
|
1,4316 |
55,388 |
|
1,4317 |
55,433 |
|
1,4318 |
55,479 |
|
1,4319 |
55,524 |
|
1,4320 |
55,570 |
|
1,4321 |
55,616 |
|
1,4322 |
55,661 |
|
1,4323 |
55,707 |
|
1,4324 |
55,752 |
|
1,4325 |
55,798 |
|
1,4326 |
55,844 |
|
1,4327 |
55,889 |
|
1,4328 |
55,935 |
|
1,4329 |
55,980 |
|
1,4330 |
56,026 |
|
1,4331 |
56,071 |
|
1,4332 |
56,116 |
|
1,4133 |
56,162 |
|
1,4334 |
56,207 |
|
1,4335 |
56,253 |
|
1,4336 |
56,298 |
|
1,4337 |
56,343 |
|
1,4338 |
56,389 |
|
1,4339 |
56,434 |
|
1,4340 |
56,479 |
|
1,4341 |
56,525 |
|
1,4342 |
56,570 |
|
1,4343 |
56,615 |
|
1,4344 |
56,660 |
|
1,4345 |
56,706 |
|
1,4346 |
56,751 |
|
1,4347 |
56,796 |
|
1,4348 |
56,841 |
|
1,4349 |
56,887 |
|
1,4350 |
56,932 |
|
1,4351 |
56,977 |
|
1,4352 |
57,022 |
|
1,4353 |
57,067 |
|
1,4354 |
57,112 |
|
1,4355 |
57,157 |
|
1,4356 |
57,202 |
|
1,4357 |
57,247 |
|
14358 |
57,292 |
|
1,4359 |
57,337 |
|
1,4360 |
57,382 |
|
1,4361 |
57,427 |
|
1,4362 |
57,472 |
|
1,4363 |
57,517 |
|
1,4364 |
57,562 |
|
1,4365 |
57,607 |
|
1,4366 |
57,652 |
|
1,4367 |
57,697 |
|
1,4368 |
57,742 |
|
1,4369 |
57,787 |
|
1,4370 |
57,832 |
|
1,4371 |
57,877 |
|
1,4372 |
57,921 |
|
1,4373 |
57,966 |
|
1,4374 |
58,011 |
|
1,4375 |
58,056 |
|
1,4376 |
58,101 |
|
1,4377 |
58,145 |
|
1,4378 |
58,190 |
|
1,4379 |
58,235 |
|
1,4380 |
58,279 |
|
1,4381 |
58,324 |
|
1,4382 |
58,369 |
|
1,4383 |
58,413 |
|
1,4384 |
53,458 |
|
1,4385 |
58,503 |
|
1,4386 |
58,547 |
|
1,4387 |
58,592 |
|
1,4388 |
58,637 |
|
1,4389 |
58,681 |
|
1,4390 |
58,726 |
|
1,4391 |
58,770 |
|
1,4392 |
58,815 |
|
1,4393 |
58,859 |
|
1,4394 |
58,904 |
|
1,4395 |
58,948 |
|
1,4396 |
58,993 |
|
1,4397 |
59,037 |
|
1,4398 |
59,082 |
|
1,4399 |
59,126 |
|
1,4400 |
59,170 |
|
1,4401 |
59,215 |
|
1,4402 |
59,259 |
|
1,4403 |
59,304 |
|
1,4404 |
59,348 |
|
1,4405 |
59,392 |
|
1,4406 |
59,437 |
|
1,4407 |
59,481 |
|
1,4408 |
59,525 |
|
1,4409 |
59,569 |
|
1,4410 |
59,614 |
|
1,4411 |
59,658 |
|
1,4412 |
59,702 |
|
1,4413 |
59,746 |
|
1,4414 |
59,791 |
|
1,4415 |
59,835 |
|
1,4416 |
59,879 |
|
1,4417 |
59,923 |
|
1,4418 |
59,967 |
|
1,4419 |
60,011 |
|
1,4420 |
60,056 |
|
1,4421 |
60,100 |
|
1,4422 |
60,144 |
|
1,4423 |
60,188 |
|
1,4424 |
60,232 |
|
1,4425 |
60,276 |
|
1,4426 |
60,320 |
|
1,4427 |
60,364 |
|
1,4428 |
60,408 |
|
1,4429 |
60,452 |
|
1,4430 |
60,496 |
|
1,4431 |
60,540 |
|
1,4432 |
60,584 |
|
1,4433 |
60,628 |
|
1,4434 |
60,672 |
|
1,4435 |
60,716 |
|
1,4436 |
60,759 |
|
1,4437 |
60,803 |
|
1,4438 |
60,847 |
|
1,4439 |
60,891 |
|
1,4440 |
60,935 |
|
1,4441 |
60,979 |
|
1,4442 |
61,023 |
|
1,4443 |
61,066 |
|
1,4444 |
61,110 |
|
1,4445 |
61,154 |
|
1,4446 |
61,198 |
|
1,4447 |
61,241 |
|
1,4448 |
61,285 |
|
1,4449 |
61,329 |
|
1,4450 |
61,372 |
|
1,4451 |
61,416 |
|
1,4452 |
61,460 |
|
1,4453 |
61,503 |
|
1,4454 |
61,547 |
|
1,4455 |
61,591 |
|
1,4456 |
61,634 |
|
1,4457 |
61,678 |
|
1,4458 |
61,721 |
|
1,4459 |
61,765 |
|
1,4460 |
61,809 |
|
1,4461 |
61,852 |
|
1,4462 |
61,896 |
|
1,4463 |
61,939 |
|
1,4464 |
62,983 |
|
1,4465 |
62,026 |
|
1,4466 |
62,070 |
|
1,4467 |
62,113 |
|
1,4468 |
62,156 |
|
1,4469 |
62,200 |
|
1,4470 |
62,243 |
|
1,4471 |
62,287 |
|
1,4472 |
62,330 |
|
1,4473 |
62,373 |
|
1,4474 |
62,417 |
|
1,4475 |
62,460 |
|
1,4476 |
62,503 |
|
1,4477 |
62,547 |
|
1,4478 |
62,590 |
|
14479 |
62,633 |
|
1,4480 |
62,677 |
|
1,4481 |
62,720 |
|
1,4482 |
62,763 |
|
1,4483 |
62,806 |
|
1,4184 |
62,849 |
|
1,4485 |
62,893 |
|
1,4486 |
62,936 |
|
1,4487 |
62,979 |
|
1,4488 |
63,022 |
|
1,4489 |
63,065 |
|
1,4490 |
63,108 |
|
1,4491 |
63,152 |
|
1,4492 |
63,195 |
|
1,4493 |
63,238 |
|
1,4494 |
63,281 |
|
1,4495 |
63,324 |
|
1,4496 |
63,367 |
|
1,4497 |
63,410 |
|
1,4498 |
63,453 |
|
1,4499 |
63,496 |
|
1,4500 |
63,539 |
|
1,4501 |
63,582 |
|
1,4502 |
63,625 |
|
1,4503 |
63,668 |
|
1,4304 |
63,711 |
|
1,4505 |
63,754 |
|
1,4506 |
63,797 |
|
1,4507 |
63,840 |
|
1,4508 |
63,882 |
|
1,4509 |
63,925 |
|
1,4510 |
63,968 |
|
1,4511 |
64,011 |
|
1,4512 |
64,054 |
|
1,4513 |
64,097 |
|
1,4514 |
64,139 |
|
1,4515 |
64,182 |
|
1,4516 |
64,225 |
|
1,4517 |
64,268 |
|
1,4518 |
64,311 |
|
1,4519 |
64,353 |
|
1,4520 |
64,396 |
|
1,4521 |
64,439 |
|
1,4522 |
64,481 |
|
1,4523 |
64,524 |
|
1,4524 |
64,567 |
|
1,4525 |
64,609 |
|
1,4526 |
64,652 |
|
1,4527 |
64,695 |
|
1,4528 |
64,737 |
|
1,4529 |
64,780 |
|
1,4530 |
64,823 |
|
1,4531 |
64,865 |
|
1,4532 |
64,908 |
|
1,4533 |
64,950 |
|
1,4534 |
64,993 |
|
1,4535 |
65,035 |
|
1,4536 |
65,078 |
|
1,4537 |
65,120 |
|
1,4538 |
65,163 |
|
1,4539 |
65,205 |
|
1,4540 |
65,248 |
|
1,4541 |
65,290 |
|
1,4542 |
65,333 |
|
1,4543 |
65,375 |
|
1,4544 |
65,417 |
|
1,4545 |
65,460 |
|
1,4546 |
65,502 |
|
1,4547 |
65,544 |
|
1,4548 |
65,587 |
|
1,4549 |
65,629 |
|
1,4550 |
65,672 |
|
1,4551 |
65,714 |
|
1,4552 |
65,756 |
|
1,4553 |
65,798 |
|
1,4554 |
65,841 |
|
1,4555 |
65,883 |
|
1,4556 |
65,925 |
|
1,4557 |
65,967 |
|
1,4558 |
66,010 |
|
1,4559 |
66,052 |
|
1,4560 |
66,094 |
|
1,4561 |
66,136 |
|
1,4562 |
66,178 |
|
1,4563 |
66,221 |
|
1,4564 |
66,263 |
|
1,4565 |
66,305 |
|
1,4566 |
66,347 |
|
1,4567 |
66,389 |
|
1,4568 |
66,431 |
|
1,4569 |
66,473 |
|
1,4570 |
66,515 |
|
1,4571 |
66,557 |
|
1,4572 |
66,599 |
|
1,4573 |
66,641 |
|
1,4574 |
66,683 |
|
1,4575 |
66,725 |
|
1,4576 |
66,767 |
|
1,4577 |
66,809 |
|
1,4578 |
66,851 |
|
1,4579 |
66,893 |
|
1,4580 |
66,935 |
|
1,4581 |
66,977 |
|
1,4582 |
67,019 |
|
1,4583 |
67,061 |
|
1,4584 |
67,103 |
|
1,4585 |
67,145 |
|
1,4586 |
67,186 |
|
1,4587 |
67,228 |
|
1,4588 |
67,270 |
|
1,4589 |
67,312 |
|
1,4590 |
67,354 |
|
1,4591 |
67,396 |
|
1,4592 |
67,437 |
|
1,4593 |
67,479 |
|
1,4594 |
67,521 |
|
1,4595 |
67,563 |
|
1,4596 |
67,604 |
|
1,4597 |
67,646 |
|
1,4598 |
67,688 |
|
1,4599 |
67,729 |
|
1,4600 |
67,771 |
|
1,4601 |
67,813 |
|
1,4602 |
67,854 |
|
1,4603 |
67,896 |
|
1,4604 |
67,938 |
|
1,4605 |
67,979 |
|
1,4606 |
68,021 |
|
1,4607 |
68,063 |
|
1,4608 |
68,104 |
|
1,4609 |
68,146 |
|
1,4610 |
68,187 |
|
1,4611 |
68,229 |
|
1,4611 |
68,270 |
|
1,4613 |
68,312 |
|
1,4614 |
68,353 |
|
1,4615 |
68,395 |
|
1,4616 |
68,436 |
|
1,4617 |
68,478 |
|
1,4618 |
68,519 |
|
1,4619 |
68,561 |
|
1,4620 |
68,602 |
|
1,4621 |
68,643 |
|
1,4622 |
68,685 |
|
1,4623 |
68,726 |
|
1,4624 |
68,768 |
|
1,4625 |
68,809 |
|
1,4626 |
68,850 |
|
1,4627 |
68,892 |
|
1,4628 |
68,933 |
|
1,4629 |
68,974 |
|
1,4630 |
69,016 |
|
1,4631 |
69,057 |
|
1,4632 |
69,098 |
|
1,4633 |
69,139 |
|
1,4634 |
69,181 |
|
1,4635 |
69,222 |
|
1,4636 |
69,263 |
|
1,4637 |
69,304 |
|
1,4638 |
69,346 |
|
1,4639 |
69,387 |
|
1,4640 |
69,428 |
|
1,4641 |
69,469 |
|
1,4642 |
69,510 |
|
1,4643 |
69,551 |
|
1,4644 |
69,593 |
|
1,4645 |
69,634 |
|
1,4646 |
69,675 |
|
1,4647 |
69,716 |
|
1,4648 |
69,757 |
|
1,4649 |
69,798 |
|
1,4650 |
69,839 |
|
1,4651 |
69,880 |
|
1,4652 |
69,921 |
|
1,4653 |
69,962 |
|
1,4654 |
70,003 |
|
1,4655 |
70,044 |
|
1,4656 |
70,085 |
|
1,4657 |
70,126 |
|
1,4658 |
70,167 |
|
1,4659 |
70,208 |
|
1,4660 |
70,249 |
|
1,4661 |
70,290 |
|
1,4662 |
70,331 |
|
1,4663 |
70,372 |
|
1,4664 |
70,413 |
|
1,4665 |
70,453 |
|
1,4666 |
70,494 |
|
1,4667 |
70,535 |
|
1,4668 |
70,576 |
|
1,4669 |
70,617 |
|
1,4670 |
70,658 |
|
1,4671 |
70,698 |
|
1,4672 |
70,739 |
|
1,4673 |
70,780 |
|
1,4674 |
70,821 |
|
1,4675 |
70,861 |
|
1,4676 |
70,902 |
|
1,4677 |
70,943 |
|
1,4678 |
70,984 |
|
1,4679 |
71024 |
|
1,4680 |
71,065 |
|
1,4681 |
71,106 |
|
1,4681 |
71,146 |
|
1,4683 |
71,187 |
|
1,4684 |
71,228 |
|
1,4685 |
71,268 |
|
1,4686 |
71,309 |
|
1,4687 |
71,349 |
|
1,4688 |
71,390 |
|
1,4689 |
71,431 |
|
1,4690 |
71,471 |
|
1,4691 |
71,512 |
|
1,4692 |
71,552 |
|
1,4693 |
71,593 |
|
1,4694 |
71,633 |
|
1,4695 |
71,674 |
|
1,4696 |
71,714 |
|
1,4697 |
71,755 |
|
1,4698 |
71,795 |
|
1,4699 |
71,836 |
|
1,4700 |
71,876 |
|
1,4701 |
71,917 |
|
1,4702 |
71,957 |
|
1,4703 |
71,998 |
|
1,4704 |
72,038 |
|
1,4705 |
72,078 |
|
1,4706 |
72,119 |
|
1,4707 |
72,159 |
|
1,4708 |
72,199 |
|
1,4709 |
72,240 |
|
1,4710 |
72,280 |
|
1,4711 |
72,320 |
|
1,4712 |
72,361 |
|
1,4713 |
72,401 |
|
1,4714 |
72,441 |
|
1,4715 |
72,482 |
|
1,4716 |
72,522 |
|
1,4717 |
72,562 |
|
1,4718 |
72,602 |
|
1,4719 |
72,643 |
|
1,4720 |
72,683 |
|
1,4721 |
72,723 |
|
1,4722 |
72,763 |
|
1,4723 |
72,803 |
|
1,4724 |
72,843 |
|
1,4725 |
72,884 |
|
1,4726 |
72924 |
|
1,4727 |
72,964 |
|
1,4728 |
73,004 |
|
1,4729 |
73,044 |
|
1,4730 |
73,084 |
|
1,4731 |
73,124 |
|
1,4732 |
73,164 |
|
1,4733 |
73,204 |
|
1,4734 |
73,244 |
|
1,4735 |
73,285 |
|
1,4736 |
73,325 |
|
1,4737 |
73,365 |
|
1,4738 |
73,405 |
|
1,4739 |
73,445 |
|
1,4740 |
73,485 |
|
1,4741 |
73,524 |
|
1,4742 |
73,564 |
|
1,4743 |
73,604 |
|
1,4744 |
73,644 |
|
1,4745 |
73,684 |
|
1,4746 |
73,724 |
|
1,4747 |
73,764 |
|
1,4748 |
73,804 |
|
1,4749 |
73,844 |
|
1,4750 |
73,884 |
|
1,4751 |
73,924 |
|
1,4752 |
73,963 |
|
1,4753 |
74,003 |
|
1,4754 |
74,043 |
|
1,4755 |
74,083 |
|
1,4756 |
74,123 |
|
1,4757 |
74,162 |
|
1,4758 |
74,202 |
|
1,4759 |
74,242 |
|
1,4760 |
74,282 |
|
1,4761 |
74,321 |
|
1,4762 |
74,361 |
|
1,4763 |
74,401 |
|
1,4764 |
74,441 |
|
1,4765 |
74,480 |
|
1,4766 |
74,520 |
|
1,4767 |
74,560 |
|
1,4768 |
74,599 |
|
1,4769 |
74,639 |
|
1,4770 |
74,678 |
|
1,4771 |
74,718 |
|
1,1772 |
74,758 |
|
1,4773 |
74,797 |
|
1,4774 |
74,837 |
|
1,4775 |
74,876 |
|
1,4776 |
74,916 |
|
1,4777 |
74,956 |
|
1,4778 |
74,995 |
|
1,4779 |
75,035 |
|
1,4780 |
75,074 |
|
1,1781 |
75,114 |
|
1,4782 |
75,153 |
|
1,4783 |
75,193 |
|
1,4784 |
75,232 |
|
1,4785 |
75,272 |
|
1,4786 |
75,311 |
|
1,4787 |
75,350 |
|
1,4788 |
75,390 |
|
1,4789 |
75,429 |
|
1,4790 |
75,469 |
|
1,4791 |
75,508 |
|
1,4792 |
75,547 |
|
1,4793 |
75,587 |
|
1,4794 |
75,626 |
|
1,4795 |
75,666 |
|
1,4796 |
75,705 |
|
1,4797 |
75,744 |
|
1,4798 |
75,784 |
|
1,4799 |
75,823 |
|
1,4800 |
75,862 |
|
1,4801 |
75,901 |
|
1,4802 |
75,941 |
|
1,4803 |
75,980 |
|
1,4804 |
76,019 |
|
1,4805 |
76,058 |
|
1,4806 |
76,098 |
|
1,4807 |
76,137 |
|
1,4808 |
76,176 |
|
1,4809 |
76,215 |
|
1,4810 |
76,254 |
|
1,4810 |
76,294 |
|
1,4812 |
76,333 |
|
1,4813 |
76,372 |
|
1,4814 |
76,411 |
|
1,4815 |
76,450 |
|
1,4816 |
76,489 |
|
1,4817 |
76,528 |
|
1,4818 |
76,567 |
|
1,4819 |
76,607 |
|
1,4820 |
76,646 |
|
1,4821 |
76,685 |
|
1,4822 |
76,724 |
|
1,4823 |
76,763 |
|
1,4824 |
76,802 |
|
1,4825 |
76,841 |
|
1,4826 |
76,880 |
|
1,4827 |
76,919 |
|
1,4828 |
76,958 |
|
1,4829 |
76,997 |
|
1,4830 |
77,036 |
|
1,4831 |
77,075 |
|
1,4832 |
77,113 |
|
1,4833 |
77,152 |
|
1,4834 |
77,191 |
|
1,4835 |
77,230 |
|
1&xxxx;4336 |
77269 |
|
1,4837 |
77,308 |
|
1,4838 |
77,347 |
|
1,4839 |
77,386 |
|
1,4840 |
77,425 |
|
1,4841 |
77,463 |
|
1,4842 |
77,502 |
|
1,4843 |
77,541 |
|
1,4844 |
77,580 |
|
1,4845 |
77,619 |
|
1,4846 |
77,657 |
|
1,4847 |
77,696 |
|
1,4848 |
77,735 |
|
1,4849 |
77,774 |
|
1,4850 |
77,812 |
|
1,4851 |
77,851 |
|
1,4852 |
77,890 |
|
1,4853 |
77,928 |
|
1,4854 |
77,967 |
|
1,4855 |
78,006 |
|
1,4856 |
78,045 |
|
1,4857 |
78,083 |
|
1,4858 |
78,122 |
|
1,4859 |
78,160 |
|
1,4860 |
78,199 |
|
1,4861 |
78,238 |
|
1,4862 |
78,276 |
|
1,4863 |
78,315 |
|
1,4864 |
78,353 |
|
1,4865 |
78,392 |
|
1,4866 |
78,431 |
|
1,4867 |
78,469 |
|
1,4868 |
78,508 |
|
1,4869 |
78,546 |
|
1,4870 |
78,585 |
|
1,4871 |
78,623 |
|
1,4872 |
78,662 |
|
1,4873 |
78,700 |
|
1,4874 |
78,739 |
|
1,4875 |
78,777 |
|
1,4876 |
78,816 |
|
1,4877 |
78,854 |
|
1,4878 |
78,892 |
|
1,4879 |
78,931 |
|
1,4880 |
78,969 |
|
1,4881 |
79,008 |
|
1,4882 |
79,046 |
|
1,4883 |
79,084 |
|
1,4884 |
79,123 |
|
1,4885 |
79,161 |
|
1,4886 |
79,199 |
|
1,4887 |
79,238 |
|
1,4888 |
79,276 |
|
1,4889 |
79,314 |
|
1,4890 |
79,353 |
|
1,4891 |
79,391 |
|
1,4892 |
79,429 |
|
1,4893 |
79,468 |
|
1,4894 |
79,506 |
|
1,4895 |
79,544 |
|
1,4896 |
79,582 |
|
1,4897 |
79,620 |
|
1,4898 |
79,659 |
|
1,4899 |
79,697 |
|
1,4900 |
79,735 |
|
1,4901 |
79,773 |
|
1,4902 |
79,811 |
|
1,4903 |
79,850 |
|
1,4904 |
79,888 |
|
1,4905 |
79,926 |
|
1,4906 |
79,964 |
|
1,4907 |
80,002 |
|
1,4908 |
80,040 |
|
1,4909 |
80,078 |
|
1,4910 |
80,116 |
|
1,4911 |
80,154 |
|
1,4912 |
80,192 |
|
1,4913 |
80,231 |
|
1,4914 |
80,269 |
|
1,4915 |
80,307 |
|
1,4916 |
80,345 |
|
1,4917 |
80,383 |
|
1,4918 |
80,421 |
|
1,4919 |
80,459 |
|
1,4920 |
80,497 |
|
1,4921 |
80,534 |
|
1,4922 |
80,572 |
|
1,4923 |
80,610 |
|
1,4924 |
80,648 |
|
1,4925 |
80,686 |
|
1,4926 |
80,724 |
|
1,4927 |
80,762 |
|
1,4928 |
80,800 |
|
1,4929 |
80,838 |
|
1,4930 |
80,876 |
|
1,4931 |
80,913 |
|
1,4932 |
80,951 |
|
1,4933 |
80,989 |
|
1,4934 |
81,027 |
|
1,4935 |
81,065 |
|
1,4936 |
81,103 |
|
1,4937 |
81,140 |
|
1,4938 |
81,178 |
|
1,4939 |
81,216 |
|
1,4940 |
81,254 |
|
1,4941 |
81,291 |
|
1,4942 |
81,329 |
|
1,4943 |
81,367 |
|
1,4944 |
81,405 |
|
1,4945 |
81,442 |
|
1,4946 |
81,480 |
|
1,4947 |
81,518 |
|
1,4948 |
81,555 |
|
1,4949 |
81,593 |
|
1,4950 |
81,631 |
|
1,4951 |
81,668 |
|
1,4952 |
81,706 |
|
1,4953 |
81,744 |
|
1,4954 |
81,781 |
|
1,4955 |
81,819 |
|
1,4956 |
81,856 |
|
1,4957 |
81,894 |
|
1,4958 |
81,932 |
|
1,4959 |
81,969 |
|
1,4960 |
82,007 |
|
1,4961 |
82,044 |
|
1,4962 |
82,082 |
|
1,4963 |
82,119 |
|
1,4964 |
82,157 |
|
1,4965 |
82,194 |
|
1,4966 |
82,232 |
|
1,4967 |
82,269 |
|
1,4968 |
82,307 |
|
1,4969 |
82,344 |
|
1,4970 |
82,381 |
|
1,4971 |
82,419 |
|
1,4972 |
82,456 |
|
1,4973 |
82,494 |
|
1,4974 |
87,531 |
|
1,4975 |
82,569 |
|
1,9976 |
82,606 |
|
1,4977 |
82,643 |
|
1,4978 |
82,681 |
|
1,4979 |
82,718 |
|
1,4980 |
82,755 |
|
1,4981 |
82,793 |
|
1,4982 |
82,830 |
|
1,4983 |
82,867 |
|
1,4984 |
82,905 |
|
1,4985 |
82,942 |
|
1,4986 |
82,979 |
|
1,4987 |
83,016 |
|
1,4988 |
83,054 |
|
1,4989 |
83,091 |
|
14990 |
83,128 |
|
1,4991 |
83,165 |
|
1,4992 |
83,202 |
|
1,4993 |
83,240 |
|
1,4994 |
83,277 |
|
1,4995 |
83,314 |
|
1,4996 |
83,351 |
|
1,4997 |
83,388 |
|
1,4998 |
83,425 |
|
14999 |
83,463 |
|
1,5000 |
83,500 |
|
1,5001 |
83,537 |
|
1,5002 |
83,574 |
|
1,5003 |
83,611 |
|
1,5004 |
83,648 |
|
1,5005 |
83,685 |
|
1,5006 |
83,722 |
|
1,5007 |
83,759 |
|
1,5008 |
83,796 |
|
1,5009 |
83,833 |
|
1,5010 |
83,870 |
|
1,5011 |
83,907 |
|
1,5012 |
83,944 |
|
1,5013 |
83,981 |
|
1,5014 |
84,018 |
|
1,5015 |
84,055 |
|
1,5016 |
84,092 |
|
1,5017 |
84,129 |
|
1,5018 |
84,166 |
|
1,5019 |
84,203 |
|
1,5020 |
84,240 |
|
1,5021 |
84,277 |
|
1,5022 |
84,314 |
|
1,5023 |
84,351 |
|
1,5024 |
84,388 |
|
1,5025 |
84,424 |
|
1,5026 |
84,461 |
|
1,5027 |
84,498 |
|
1,5028 |
84,535 |
|
1,5029 |
84,572 |
|
1,5030 |
84,609 |
|
1,5031 |
84,645 |
|
1&xxxx;5032 |
84,682 |
|
1,5033 |
84,719 |
|
1,5034 |
84,756 |
|
1,5035 |
84,792 |
|
1,5036 |
84,829 |
|
1,5037 |
84,866 |
|
1,5038 |
84,903 |
|
1,5039 |
84,939 |
|
1,5040 |
84,976 |
|
1,5041 |
85,013 |
|
1,5042 |
85,049 |
|
1,5043 |
85,086 |
|
1,5044 |
85,123 |
|
1,5045 |
85,159 |
|
1,5046 |
85,196 |
|
1,5047 |
85,233 |
|
1,5048 |
85,269 |
|
1,5049 |
85,306 |
|
1,5050 |
85,343 |
|
1,5051 |
85,379 |
|
1,5052 |
85,416 |
|
1,5053 |
85,452 |
|
1,5054 |
85,489 |
|
1,5055 |
85,525 |
|
1,5056 |
85,562 |
|
1,5057 |
85,598 |
|
1,5058 |
85,635 |
|
1,5059 |
85,672 |
|
1,5060 |
85,708 |
|
1,5061 |
85,744 |
|
1,5062 |
85,781 |
|
1,5063 |
85,817 |
|
1,5064 |
85,854 |
|
1,5065 |
85,890 |
|
1,5066 |
85,927 |
|
1,5067 |
85,963 |
|
1,5068 |
86,000 |
|
1,5069 |
86,036 |
|
1,5070 |
86,072 |
|
1,5071 |
86,109 |
|
1,5072 |
86,145 |
|
1,5073 |
86,182 |
|
1,5074 |
86,218 |
|
1,5075 |
86,254 |
|
1,5076 |
86,291 |
|
1,5077 |
86,327 |
|
1,5078 |
86,363 |
|
1,5079 |
86,399 |
[1] Xxxxxxx x x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx jsou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx XXXXXX xx K. Xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x výpočty xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx X. Carpenterem x XXXX x xxxx publikovány v Xxxxx X. 33, 15-22 (xxxxxx 1970). Xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxxx D xxxx Xx. Xxxx (xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sacharosy) xxx získán xxxxxxx xxx 20 °C xx vzduchu xxx xxxxx 760 xxxxx (xx Xx) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (47 012, xxxxxx 11) xxxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxxx. Xxxxx X. 39, 22 (1937).
XXXXXX 4
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx x cukru xxxxxxxxx
2. Definice
„Redukující xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx“: xxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx redukci xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx mědi XX. Vzniklý oxid xxxxx se pak xxxxxxx odměrným xxxxxxxx xxxx (xx xxxxxx xxxxxx), jehož xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx odměrným xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného (se xxxxxx xxxxxx).
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx Cu XX (Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
4.1.1 Xx 400 xx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 35 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4 5X2X) a xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.2 X 500 xx xxxxxx vody xx xxxxxxxx 173 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxxxx nebo Xxxxxxxxxxx xxx, XXxX4X4X6,4X2X) x 68 g xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxx xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xx vodou xx 1 xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx 2 x xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx obsah protřepe, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx stát a xxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx hustý xxxxxxxx xxxx membránový filtr.
Pokud xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx třeba xxxxxx xxxxx přefiltrovat.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, roztok 5 xxx/x.
4.3 Roztok xxxx, 0,01665 xxx/x (0,0333X; 4,2258 x/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx škrobu: xx xxxxx xxxxxx vody xx přilije směs 5 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx ve 30 xx xxxx, xxxxxx se 3 xxxxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx přidá 10 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx konzervačního xxxxxxx.
5. Přístroje a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 300 ml; xxxxxx xxxxxx x pipety.
5.2 Xxxxx lázeň, vroucí.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Do 300 xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx baňky xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx (10 x xxxx xxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx 30 mg xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx 100 xx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx x roztokem xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 10 ml xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.1), xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.2) xx xxxx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx musí xxx nejméně 20 xx pod úrovní xxxxxxx xx vodní xxxxx. Baňka se xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx vody, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, aby xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx oxidu xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.2) o xxxxxxxxxxx 5 xxx/x x xxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx přidá xxxxxxxx (20 xx 40 xx) roztoku xxxx (4.3) x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,016 65 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx mícháním xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.4) x koncentraci 0,0333 xxx/x xxx xxxxxxx roztoku škrobu (4.5) xxxx indikátoru. Xxxxxxxxx xx přidává xx konci titrace.
6.2 X xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx roztoku Cu XX (4.4). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nepřekročí 0,1 xx.
6.3 S cukerným xxxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx se xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 10 minut, xxx mohlo dojít x xxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx redukujících xxxxx, xxxx je xxxxxxxxx oxid siřičitý.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx objemu (xx) přebytku přidaného xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 xxx/x) minus xxxxx (ml) roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (0,0333 xxx/x) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 mol/l) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx:
7.1.1 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx s xxxxx (6.2),
7.1.2 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx roztokem xx xxxxxx (6.3),
7.1.3 xxxxxx 2,0 xx xx xxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx přítomné x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx podílu xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx-xx xxxxxx xxxx xxx 10 g xxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxxx).
Xx xxxxxxxxx těchto xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx spotřeba 1 xx jodového xxxxxxx (4.3) 1 xx invertního cukru.
Obsah xxxxxxxxxx cukru v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
X1 = počet ml xxxxxxxx roztoku (4.3) xx xxxxxxx,
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx vzorku (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň nebo xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší xxx 0,02 x xx 100 g vzorku.
METODA 5
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX INVERTNÍ XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Knighta x Allena)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx použití
Metoda xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx
- x cukru nebo x cukru xxxxx,
- x xxxxx extra xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx cukry xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx Xx XX, zredukovaný x nezredukovaný xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxxx EDTA.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxxx xxx) (XXXX), xxxxxx 0,0025 xxx/x: xxxxxxxx se 0,930 x XXXX xx xxxx x doplní xx xxxxx do xxxxxxx litru.
4.2 Roztok xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx: 0,25 x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xx 50 xx xxxx x xxxxxx xx x 20 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,2 x/100 ml.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx činidlo: x 600 xx vody xxxxxxxxxx 40 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1,0 mol/l xx xxxxxxxx 25 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x 25 x vinanu sodnodraselného xxxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx v 100 ml xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 6,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx – xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4 5X2X), vzniklý roztok xx přidá x xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx: Roztok xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxx týden).
4.4 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx xx rozpustí 23,750 x čisté xxxxxxxxx (4.5) xxx xx 120 xx xxxx. Xxxxx se 9 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (X20 = 1,16) x nechá xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě xx xxxx 8 dní. Xxxxxx se doplní xx 250 ml x ukončení xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx odečtem xx polarimetru nebo xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 mm. Zjištěná xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05°X (viz xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx 2000 xx, xxxxx xx xxxxx x xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) se xxxxx 71,4 xx roztoku xxxxxxxxx sodného (1 xxx/x), ve kterém xxxx rozpuštěny 4 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxx se xxxxxx xx 2000 ml, xx. aby xxxxxxxxx 1 g xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx; xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxxx kolem 3.
Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx ředí pouze xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.5 Xxxxx xxxxxxxxx: vzorek xxxxx sacharosy x xxxxxxx invertního xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,001 g/100 x.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Zkumavky 150 x 20 xx.
5.2 Xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx zkumavce (5.1) xx rozpustí 5 x vzorku xxxxx x 5 xx xxxxxxx vody, xxxxxxx xx 2,0 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx. Zkumavka xx xxxxxx do xxxxx x vroucí xxxxx xx xxxx 5 xxxxx x xxxx xx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx nejmenšího množství xxxx, xxxxxxx do xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx misky (5.2), xxxxxxx se xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.2) a xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx EDTA (4.1). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xx xx xxxxxx xxxx V0.
Těsně xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx barva xxxxxxx xxxxx xx zelené xxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx x konečném xxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx mizí v xxxxxxxx oxidace xxxxx xxxxxxx xx oxid xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx koncentraci xxxxxxxx zredukované xxxx. Xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.3 Sestrojí xx kalibrační křivka xx základě xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx množství xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxxxxxxxx zředěný xxxxxx 4.4) x 5 g xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx množství xxxxxxx xxxx xxx, aby xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (xx) xx xxxxxx xx grafu xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x 5 x sacharosy; xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx v rozmezí 0,001 xx 0,019 x xx 100 x invertního cukru, xxxx. 100 x xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X kalibrační xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx invertního cukru (x xxxxxxxxxx) odpovídající xxxxxxxx XXXX V0 xx při xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7.2 Pokud xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxx 0,017 g xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 g analyzovaného xxxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx v bodě 6.1, analyzovaný xxxxxx xx však xxxx xxxxxxx xx 5 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.5).
7.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za sebou x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,005 x xx 100 x vzorku.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx hodnoty xx °X xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx úhlové stupně xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x °X dělí 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx výbojka xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx které xx možné xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 6
STANOVENÍ XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX NEBO XXXXXXXXXX EKVIVALENT
(Metoda xxxxx Xxxxx x Schoorla)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx
1.1 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřeného xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx bílém cukru,
- x tekutém xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx;
1.2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřeného x xxxxxxxxxxx (vztaženo xx xxxxxx) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém xxxxxx;
1.3 xxxxxx redukujících cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx D-glukosa
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřené xxxx invertní xxxxx, X-xxxxxxx xxxx jako xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřený xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx, Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx (x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx vyčeří) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx podmínek x xxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxx Cu XX, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx Xx X. Xxxxxxxx Xx XX se xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx X: 21,95 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, (Xx(XX3XXX)22X2X) xxxx 24 x octanu xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, (Xx(XX3XXX)2-3X2X) xx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx 3 ml xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx vodě x xxxxxx vodou xx 100 xx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx roztok XX: 10,6 g hexakyanoželeznatanu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (X4[Xx(XX)6]-3X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx a doplní xxxxx do 100 xx.
4.3 Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx: xxxxxxxx se tyto xxxxxxx:
4.3.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx: 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pentahydrátu (XxXX45X2X) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx ve 100 xx xxxx.
4.3.2 Xxxxxx kyseliny citrónové: 50 x kyseliny xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (X6X8X7-X2X) xx rozpustí v 50 xx xxxx.
4.3.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx: 143,8 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx přibližně x 300 ml xxxxx xxxx a xxxxx xx vychladnout.
4.3.4 X xxxxxxx uhličitanu xxxxxxx (4.3.3) x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xx mírného xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx kyseliny citronové (4.3.2). Obsah se xxxxx, dokud xx xxxxxxxxxx vyvíjet xxxx, xxx se xxxxx xxxxxx síranu xxxxxxxxx (4.3.1) a xxxxx xx doplní do 1000 ml. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx stát xxxx xxx, x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.1 (Cu 0,1 xxx/x; Xx2XX3 1 xxx/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 mol/l.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: do xxxxxxx litru vroucí xxxx xx přilije 5 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx ve 30 xx vody. Xxxxxx se 3 xxxxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx; je-li xxxxx, xxxxx xx 10 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.6 Xxxxxxxx sírová, 3 mol/l.
4.7 Xxxxxx xxxxxx draselného, 30 % (x/X).
4.8 Xxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové, xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx reakce x xxxxxxxx.
4.9 Izopentanol.
4.10 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 mol/l.
4.11 Xxxxxxxx chlorovodíková, 0,1&xxxx;&xxxx;&xxxx; xxx/x.
4.12 Fenoftalein, xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x/X) x xxxxxxxx.
5. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
5.1 Erlenmeyerova baňka, x objemu 300 xx, se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
5.2 Stopky.
6. Postup
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3):
6.1.1 Ke 25 ml Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3) se xxxxxxx 3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx a 25 xx kyseliny xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 3 xxx/x (4.6).
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4) xx použití xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxx až xx xxxxx titrace. Pokud xxxx spotřeba roztoku xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x rovna 25 xx, xxxx xxx činidlo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xx 10 xx xxxxxxx xx 100xx odměrné xxxxx x xx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx.
10 ml xxxxx xxxxxxxxx činidla se xxxxxxxxxx xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) x xxxxxxx se xx xxxx xxxxx hodiny xx vroucí vodní xxxxx. Xxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxx, doplní xx na xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx hydroxidu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sodného, 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xxxx xxx xxxx 5,5 x 6,5 xx.
6.1.3 10 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1.2) se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xx použití fenolftaleinu (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx bod titrace xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xxxx xxx xxxx 6,0 x 7,5 ml.
6.1.4 Xxxxxxx xX Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx 9,3 x 9,4 xxx 20 °X.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxxx xx 5 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx a xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 250 xx xxxxxxxxxx 200 ml xxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx vyčeří xxxxxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx roztoku X (4.1), xxx xx xxxxx 5 ml Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx XX (4.2). Xx přídavku xxxxxxx roztoku xx xxxxx xxxxxxx. Roztok xx doplní xxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxx promíchá. X případě potřeby xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx (6.2.1) xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx, aby xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xx x 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 15 xx 60 xx.
6.3 Xxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx metody
Do 300 xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3), xx baňky xx xxx pipetou odměří 25 xx cukerného xxxxxxx (6.2.2) x xxxxx xx dva xxxxxx xxxxx (4.8). X xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx x aparatura xx xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyříznutý xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx xxxxxxx, jako xx xxx xxxxx. Kapalina xx xxxxxxxxx během xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx mírně xxxxx. Xxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx vodě a xx xxxx minutách xx titruje xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx:
Xxxxx xx 10 xx roztoku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.7), xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx opatrně (x xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx) 25 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x koncentraci 3 xxx/x (4.6). Titruje xx roztokem thiosíranu xxxxxxx o xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4), xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx škrobu (4.5) x xxxxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxx modrého xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xx slepý xxxxx s 25 xx xxxx místo 25 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Z xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (případně xx xxxxxxx interpolací) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo invertního xxxxx x mg, xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx spotřebami, xxxxxxxxxxx x xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxx xx vyjádří x procentech (m/m) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nebo X-xxxxxxx, vztažených na xxxxxx.
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší xxx 0,2 xx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sírovou xx xxxx přidat xxxx xxxxxxxx izopentanolu (4.9), xxx se xxxxxxx tvorba pěny.
Tabulka xxxxxx pro Xxxxxxx – Schoorlovo xxxxxxx
|
0,1 xxx/x Xx2X2X3 |
Xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxx X6X12X6 |
|
|
xx |
xx |
xxxxxx |
|
1 |
2,4 |
|
|
2 |
4,8 |
2,4 |
|
3 |
7,2 |
2,4 |
|
4 |
9,7 |
2,5 |
|
5 |
12,2 |
2,5 |
|
6 |
14,7 |
2,5 |
|
7 |
17,2 |
2,5 |
|
8 |
19,8 |
2,6 |
|
9 |
22,4 |
2,6 |
|
10 |
25,0 |
2,6 |
|
11 |
27,6 |
2,6 |
|
12 |
30,3 |
2,7 |
|
13 |
33,0 |
2,7 |
|
14 |
35,7 |
2,7 |
|
15 |
38,5 |
2,8 |
|
16 |
41,3 |
2,8 |
|
17 |
44,2 |
2,9 |
|
18 |
47,1 |
2,9 |
|
19 |
50,0 |
2,9 |
|
20 |
53,0 |
3,0 |
|
21 |
56,0 |
3,0 |
|
22 |
59,1 |
3,1 |
|
23 |
62,2 |
3,1 |
XXXXXX 7
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO INVERTNÍ XXXX
(Xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Eynona – xxxxxxxxxx s konstantním xxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx cukru xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx cukr": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx titruje xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xxxx indikátoru.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Roztok A:
69,3 x síranu xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) xx xxxxxxxx ve vodě x xxxxxx xx xx 1000 xx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
346,0 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) x 100 x xxxxxxxxx sodného xx xxxxxxxx ve xxxx x xxxxxx xx 1000 xx. Xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx dekantací od xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxx někdy vytvořit.
Poznámka:
Tyto xxx xxxxxxx je xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.2 Roztok xxxxxxxxx sodného, 1 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx rozpustí xxx xx 120 ml xxxx xx 250xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx 9 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx 1,16 x/xx) a xxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx dobu 8 xxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx do 250 xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 200 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx má xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05 °S (xxx xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx tohoto xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx do 2000xxxxxxxxxxx odměrné xxxxx, xxxxx se vodou x xx stálého xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx nedošlo x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) xx xxxxx 71,4 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 xxx/x (4.2), xx xxxxxx jsou rozpuštěny 4 x kyseliny xxxxxxxx. Baňka se xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, aby výsledný xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 1 x invertního xxxxx xx 100 xx. Xxxxxxx pH xxxxxxx xx být přibližně xxxxx 3.
Tento xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xx měl ředit xx těsně xxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx přípravě roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,25 x/100 xx xx 250xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx rysku xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 x/100 ml xxx 20 °X. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 1000 xx odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxx 20 °X xx rysku xxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři, 1 g/100 ml.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx baňky s xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx 500 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x objemu 50 xx, xxxxxx xx 0,05 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx s xxxxxxx xx 20, 25 x 50 ml.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 250, 1000 x 2000 ml.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxx 6.1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx barevnou změnu x konečném bodě, xxxx by xx xxxxx baňka (5.1) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx ze xxxxxx tepla.
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx čisté x xxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx 50 ml xxxxxxx B (4.1.2), xxxx 50 ml xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx a xxxxxx 0,25 % (0,25 x/100 xx) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx invertního xxxxx (4.3).
6.1.3 Do 500 xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 20 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X x X (6.1.1) a xxxxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx. X xxxxxx xx xx baňky xxxxxx 39 ml xxxxxxx invertního xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx se jemným xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxxx x varu x nechá xx xxxxx xxxxxx dvě xxxxxx. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx sejmout xx xxxxxx tepla x xxxxx xxxxx k xxxxxxxxx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx varu xx xxxxxxx tři xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4). Xxxxx xxxxxxx musí xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx z xxxxxx, zpočátku xx 0,2 xx, xxx xx 0,1 ml x nakonec xx xxxxxxx, až xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxx je indikován xxxxxxxxx modrého zbarvení xxxxxxxx methylenové modři. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx měďného.
6.1.6 Xxxxxxxxx bodu xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xx tří xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx X0 se xxxx pohybovat v xxxxxxx 39,0 až 41,0 ml. Je-li xxxxxxx X0 xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx ve Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 250 až 400 xx invertního xxxxx ve 100 xx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.3.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx zkoušku xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx přídavku xxxx x 20 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X a B, xxxxx zajistí, xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx 75 xx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx podle xxxxxx x bodě 6.1.4, xxxxx místo standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx roztok xxxxxx, xx. xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx, přidá xx 15 xx xxxx, xxxxx se 2 xxxxxx povařit x xxxxxx xx xxx titruje xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxx je xxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.3.2 Xxxxx po xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx stanovení x nižší koncentrací xxxxxxx vzorku.
Je-li x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx 50 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxx vzorku x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxx xx xx přidat, xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (20 xx) x xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx 75 ml.
6.4 Xxxxxxx analýza xxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.4.1 Do xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 20 xx směsného Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxxxxx vody xxxxxxxxx xxxxx bodu 6.3.
6.4.2 X xxxxxx xx xxxxxx roztok xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx stanoveném xxxxx xxxx 6.3, xxxxxxxx x 1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx varných xxxxxxx, xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx promíchá, xxxxxx x titruje xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (6.3). Xxxxxxxxx bodu xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Spotřeba xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx rovná X1.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xx xxxxxx vyjádřený jako xxxxxxxx cukr xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
X = koncentrace xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x/100 xx),
X0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx invertního xxxxx (xx) xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
X1 = xxxxxxxx roztoku zkušebního xxxxxx (xx) při xxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.4.2),
x = xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx; xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx uvedené xxxxxxx:
|
Xxxxxxxxx (x xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx) |
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x |
|
0,0 |
1,000 |
|
0,5 |
0,982 |
|
1,0 |
0,971 |
|
1,5 |
0,962 |
|
2,0 |
0,954 |
|
2,5 |
0,946 |
|
3,0 |
0,939 |
|
3,5 |
0,932 |
|
4,0 |
0,926 |
|
4,5 |
0,920 |
|
5,0 |
0,915 |
|
5,5 |
0,910 |
|
6,0 |
0,904 |
|
6,5 |
0,898 |
|
7,0 |
0,893 |
|
7,5 |
0,888 |
|
8,0 |
0,883 |
|
8,5 |
0,878 |
|
9,0 |
0,874 |
|
9,5 |
0,869 |
|
10,0 |
0,864 |
Xxxxxxx pro xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx mohou xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx interpolací.
Poznámka:
Přibližná xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx tento xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x rovná 1,0) xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx látek xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx sacharosa x xxxxxxxxxxx xx základě xxxxxx lomu podle xxxxxx 3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
8. Poznámka
Při xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx °X xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx udaná x jednotkách °S xxxx faktorem 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx o xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx výbojka jako xxxxxxxx xxxxx; přístroj xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx udržovat xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 8
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Lanea a Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx použití
Tato xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx
- ve xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
2.1 "Xxxxxxxx xxxx": xxxxx redukujících cukrů xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (D-glukosa) x xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
2.2 "Dextrosový xxxxxxxxxx": xxxxxxxx síla xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx xx za xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx A:
Ve xxxx se xxxxxxxx 69,3 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pentahydrátu (CuSO4·5H2O) x x odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 xx se xxxxxx xx rysku.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
Xx vodě xx xxxxxxxx 346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) x 100 x hydroxidu xxxxxxx x v xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 xx xxxxxx xxxxx po xxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx, která xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx dva xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx lahvích.
4.1.3 Xxxxxxxx směsného Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx čisté xxxxxxx xx odpipetuje 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.2) x xxxx 50 xx roztoku X (4.1.1) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx čerstvý x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (6.1).
4.2 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) (X6X12X6)
Xxxxx materiál xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx 4 xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx sušárně xxx xxxxxxx 100 ± 1 °X xxxx nižší x xxx tlaku asi 10 xXx (103 xxxx).
4.3 Standardní roztok xxxxxxxx, 0,600 g/100 xx
X xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx xx xxxxxx 0,6 g xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.2), xxxxxxxx xx xx xxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.4), xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx x promíchá.
Tento roztok xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na xxxxx xxx, kdy xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.4 Roztok methylenové xxxxx, 0,1 x/100 xx vody
Rozpustí xx 0,1 x methylenové xxxxx ve 100 xx xxxx.
5. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx x úzkým xxxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx 50 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xx 0,05 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx s xxxxxxx 25 xx x 50 ml.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 100 x 500 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx varu x xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1 a xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx xxx nutnosti xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) ze zdroje xxxxx (xxx xxx 6.1 poznámka 3).
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx nejméně na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku (4.1.3).
6.1.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx dextrosy (4.3) x xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xx nulovou xxxxx.
6.1.3 Xx varné xxxxx (5.1) xx x xxxxxx napustí 18 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx zařízení x xxxxxx (5.5), xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx nastal xx 120 ± 15 xxxxxx.
X celém xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx zařízení x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx jinak (xxx xxxxxxxx 1).
6.1.5 Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx vařit, spustí xx xxxxxx od xxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx 120 xxxxxx (podle stopek).
Ke xxxxx xx xxxxx 1 ml roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.1.7 Xx 120 sekundách (xxxxx xxxxxx) od xxxxxxx varu se xxxxx z byrety (6.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) přidávat xxxxxxxxxx roztok dextrosy xx 0,5xx dávkách, xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 2 a 3).
Xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy (X xx) včetně předposlední 0,5xx xxxxx.
6.1.8 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.1 x 6.1.2 se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.9 X byrety xx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) napustí (X 0,3) ml xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.10 Xxxxx v bodech 6.1.4, 6.1.5 a 6.1.6 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.11 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx standardní xxxxxx dextrosy, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2xx dávkách x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx, dokud xx xxxxxxxxxxx modř xxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx mezi xxxxx xx xxxx následujícími xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 10 xx 15 xxxxxx.
Xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx být provedeno xxxxx 60 sekund x celková xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx 180 xxxxxx.
X xxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx provést xxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx počáteční xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.1.9).
6.1.12 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (V0 xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 4).
6.1.13 Xxxxxxx V0 musí xxx x xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3).
Xxxxx se xxxxxxx V0 xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx se upraví xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.14 Vzhledem k xxxx, xx hodnota X0 xx xxxxxx xxxxx, xx xxxxx xxx každodenní xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx X0 – 0,5.
Poznámka 1:
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx, xx jakmile xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxx a xxxxxxxxxxx během xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x x xx největší xxxx xx zabrání xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx oxidaci xxxxxx obsahu.
Poznámka 2:
Odbarvení xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx x horních xxxxxxxx xxxxxx titrační baňky x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, tj. v xxxxxxx, které x xxxxxxxx neobsahují xxxxxxx xxxxxxx oxid měďnatý. Xxxxxxxxx xx snadněji xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Je xxxxxxx xxxxxx stínítko xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 3:
Byreta xx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx před xxxxxxx tepla.
Poznámka 4:
Vzhledem x tomu, xx xxxxx zcela xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxx xxxxxxx xxxx použít xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx X0 (7.1).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx připraveného xxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxx není xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx redukční xxxx (2.1) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xx nutno xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx hodnota, x mohla xxx xxx vypočtena hmotnost xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (6.3).
Tato xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx:
6.2.2 Xxxxxxxx xx X % (m/V) xxxxxx xxxxxx, "Z" xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.2 x xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxx (6.2.2) namísto xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.2.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.2.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x bodě 6.1.3 x xxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx vzorku xxxxxxx 18,0 ml xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.2.6 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.2.7 Xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxxx x xxxx. Xxxxx xx 1 xx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.2.8 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, spustí xx stopky (5.6) xx nuly x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx xx 1,0 xx xxxxxxx x odstupem asi 10 xxxxxx, a xx xx xx xxxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx celková xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5 ml xxxxx.
6.2.9 Xxxxxxx "Y" xxxxx přesáhnout 50 xx. Xxxxx x xxxx xxxxx, xx xxxxx zvýšit koncentraci xxxxxxx xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.10 Přibližná xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx je xxxxxxxxx dána xxxxxxx (x %):
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx), xxxxx obsahuje 2,85 xx 3,15 x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx bezvodá xxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxx). Xxx xxxxxxx xx použije buď xxxxx přibližná xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx síly (2.1), xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.2.10.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx v xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 500 ml xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x vodou xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
6.5 Stanovení
6.5.1 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x bodě 6.1.1.
6.5.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) se xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.4) x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.5.3 X byrety xx do xxxxx xxxxx napustí 18,5 xx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.5.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.5.6 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x bodě 6.1.6.
6.5.7 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x xxxx 6.1.7, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.8 Postupuje xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.8.
6.5.9 Postupuje xx xxxx v xxxx 6.1.9, s xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.10 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.10.
6.5.11 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.11, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.12 Xxxxxxxxx se objem (X1) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx xxx závěrečné xxxxxxx.
6.5.13 Xxxxxxx X1 xxxx xxx v xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx X1 xxxxxxx mimo xxxx rozmezí, upraví xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a kroky 6.5.1 až 6.5.12 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.14 Provedou xx dvě xxxxxxxxx x použitím téhož xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.6 Obsah xxxxxx
Xxxxxx metody 2 xx stanoví obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorce x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
7.1.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx dána výrazem:
kde
V0 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy (4.3) xxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1),
X1 = objem (xx) xxxxxxxxxx roztoku (6.4) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxx x postupu xxxxxxxxx (6.5),
X = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x) (6.3) xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx 500 ml xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
7.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vypočtený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx dán xxxxxxx:
xxx
XX = xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (7.1.1),
X = xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxxxxxx hmotnostních.
7.1.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (7.2).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených zároveň xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx totožných podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx aritmetického průměru.
METODA 9
XXXXXXXXX SÍRANOVÉHO XXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Definice
"Obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx": obsah xxxxxxxxxx popela xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxxxxxx atmosféře xxx 525 °C xx xxxxxxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxxx: xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 100 xx koncentrované kyseliny xxxxxx (xxxxxxx při 20 °X = 1,84 g/ml; 96 % x/x) do 300 ml xxxx xx současného míchání x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx pec, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 525 ± 25 °X.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx na xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxxx vychladnout x zváží xx. Xx kelímku xx xxxxxx (na 0,1 xx) xxxxxx 5 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx sušeného škrobového xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.1) (xxx poznámka 8.1) x xxxxxx xx x kelímku xxxxxxx xxxxxxx nad xxxxxxxx xxxx na xxxxx xxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx vzorku (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.2), xx xxxx provádět x xxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx (5.1), xxxxxxxxxx xx 525 ± 25 °X, a xxxxxxx se x xx, xxxxx nevznikne xxxx xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.3).
Xxxxxx se nechá xxx 30 xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x exsikátoru (5.4) x xxxx xx xxxxx.
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vyjádřený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx dán xxxxxxx:
xxx
x1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x0 = hmotnost xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx pracovníkem xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx než 2,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
8. Xxxxxxxx
8.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx po malých xxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
8.2 Xxx prvním zuhelňování xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, aby xxxxxxx xx ztrátám xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
8.3 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (tj. xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx), kelímek xx třeba z xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx po ochlazení xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx x xxxx xxxxxx do xxxx.
XXXXXX 10
XXXXXXXXX POLARIZACE
1. Předmět x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- v xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx rozumí xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxxx 26 g xxxxx xx 100 ml, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx o xxxxx 200 mm, xxxxxx xxxxxx polarizovaného xxxxxx.
3. Podstata metody
Polarizace xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxx xx podmínek xxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx: xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxx 1000 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx přidá 560 x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xx 30 minut xxxx x poté xx nechá xxxx xxxx xxx.
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxx převařenou xxxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxx roztok o xxxxxxx 1,25 x/xx (xxx 20 °X).
Xxxxx xxxxxx je třeba xxxxxxx před xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxx
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Sacharimetr xxxxxxxxxxxx na xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 26 x xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx polarimetr
Tento xxxxxxxx musí být xxxxxxx v místnosti, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °C. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx křemenných xxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxx zdroj xxxxxxxxxxx ze xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 mm x xxxxxxxxx ± 0,02 xx.
5.4 Analytické xxxx, xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x objemu 100 xx xx xxxxxxx. Baňky xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 100,00 ± 0,01 ml xxxxx xxx použity xxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx mohou xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx korekcí xx 100 ml.
5.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx 20 ± 0,1 °C.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Příprava roztoku
Co xxxxxxxxxxx xx naváží 26 ± 0,002 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx převede xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.5) obsahující xxx 60 xx xxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx je xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, přidá xx 0,5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.1).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx pohybem baňky x xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, dokud meniskus xxxxxxxxxx asi 10 xx pod kalibrační xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx vodní lázeň (5.6) xxxxxxxxxx při 20 ± 0,1 °X x ponechá xx xxx xxx xxxxxx, dokud se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx povrchu xxxxxxxx xx odstraní kapkou xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.2).
Roztok se xxxxxx xxxxx po xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx zazátkuje x řádně se xxxxxxxx alespoň xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx nechá xxx xxxxx xxxx.
6.2 Stanovení xxxxxxxxxx
Xx dobu všech xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx udržuje xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6.2.1 Polarimetr xx xxxxxxx xx nulu.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx papír. Xxxxxxx 10 ml xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xx xx xxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Polarimetrická xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx dvojnásobným xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx vzorku xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
6.2.4 Xxxxxxx xx xxx teplotě 20 ± 0,1 °X xxxxxxx naplní xxxxxxxx xxxxxx určeného x xxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxxx uzavírací xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx vzduchové xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx xx kolébky xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.5 Odečte xx xxxxxxxxxx x přesností xx 0,05°S xxxx 0,02 xxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Vypočte xx xxxxxx z xxxxxx pěti xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Vzorec x postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxx vyjádřeny ve xxxxxxxx X x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1°X. Xxx převod xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx X xx xxxxxxx xxxxx vzorec:
S = xxxxxx stupeň × 2,889
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx než 0,1°X, xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx stanovení xx xxxxxxxx z xxxx xxxxxx.