První xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
xx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979,
xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx některých xxxxx určených x xxxxxx spotřebě
(79/796/EHS)
KOMISE EVROPSKÝCH XXXXXXXXXXXX,
x ohledem xx Xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx společenství,
s xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxx Xxxx 73/437/XXX xx xxx 11. prosince 1973 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx předpisů xxxxxxxxx xxxxx týkajících se xxxxxxxxx cukrů určených x lidské spotřebě [1], a xxxxxxx xx článek 11 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, že složení xxxxxxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxx studium xxx bylo xxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx x příloze xxxxxxxx 73/437/XXX xx stanovena xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxx bílého cukru x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx konduktometricky u xxxxx extra xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx cukru, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x metoda xxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxx xxxxx extra xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxx;
xxxxxxxx k xxxx, xx xx xx xxxxx straně bylo xxxxxx až do xxxxxxxxxxx dalších xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Eynona (xxxxxx 7 a 8 x xxxxxxx XX x. III.3 x XXX.4) xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx (xxxxxx 6 x xxxxxxx II x. XXX.3 x XXX.4);
xxxxxxxx k xxxx, xx analytické xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxxx jsou v xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx výboru xxx xxxxxxxxx,
XXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX:
Článek 1
1. Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx uvedených x příloze X xxxx xxx prováděny xxxxx metod popsaných x xxxxxxx XX xxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxx xx dotčen xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Schoorla (příloha XX, metoda 6) xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx obsažených
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
Členské xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (příloha XX, xxxxxx 7 xxxx 8).
3. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx využije xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxx. 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx x tom uvědomí Xxxxxx a ostatní xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Článek 2
Členské xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx souladu x xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx 18 xxxxxx od xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxx.
Článek 3
Tato xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
V Xxxxxxx dne 26. xxxxxxxx 1979.
Za Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
xxxx Komise
[1] Úř. xxxx. X 356, 27.12.1973, x. 71.
XXXXXXX X
XXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX METOD XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX X XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX XX
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX X XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX CUKRŮ URČENÝCH X XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
XXXX
1. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx k xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxx se xx vzorku oddělí xxxxxxxx nejméně 200 x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx do čisté, xxxxx, vodotěsné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, přístroje x pomůcky
Při xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x pomůcek xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx v případě xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxx, nebo xxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx požadavkům.
Pokud xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx xx destilovaná xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx být xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx je xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx x vodný roztok.
3. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx o zkoušce xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx průměrná xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx s uspokojivou xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx výsledky xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx původního xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx, jak xxx do laboratoře xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx platných číslic x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx je určen xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 1
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX SUŠENÍM
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx ztráty xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
- x cukru xxxxxxxxx,
- v xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx": hodnota xxxxxx hmotnosti sušením xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx 0,1 mg.
4.2 Xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx teplotu 103 ± 2 °C.
4.3 Xxxxxx váženka x xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx podmínkám, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 xx a x hloubkou nejméně 30 mm.
4.4 Exsikátor x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxx popsané v xxxxxx 5.3 xx 5.7 xxxx být xxxxxxxxx okamžitě xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.1 Xxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx hmotnosti x xxxxxxx (4.2) při xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
5.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 30 až 35 xxxxx x poté xx zváží s xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xx xxxxx xx naváží xxxxxxxxx 20 xx 30 x vzorku s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.4 Miska xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx (4.2) o teplotě 103 ± 2 °X, xxx xx xxxxxxx 3 xxxxxx.
5.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) a xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.6 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xx 30 xxxxx do xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
Xxxxx xx vychladnout x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx se x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx mezi dvěma xxxxxxxx xxxxx než 1 mg, xxxxxx xx opakuje. Dojde-li xx xxxxxxx hmotnosti, xxxxxxx se x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.7 Celkový xxx xxxxxx xxxxx být xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 je xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x1 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx vysušení (x).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi výsledky xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx rychle xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx totožných xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 2
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ve xxxxxxx sušárně
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém sirupu,
- x dextrose xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata metody
Sušina xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sirupu xx xxxx sušením xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x vodou x s xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx: xxxxxxxx xx v Xüxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (1 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 1,19 x/xx xx xxxx xxxx xxx 20 °X), xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx reakci. Xxxxxxxxx na xxxxxx xx pak promývá xxxxx tak dlouho, xxxxx xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxxx nevystoupí nad 4; xxx se xxxxxxxxx vysuší x xxxxxxx xxx 103 ± 2 °X x uloží se xx vzduchotěsného nádoby.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx být xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx, aby xxx xxxxxxxx rychlý xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx ze xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti. Xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx umožňující udržovat x sušárně xxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx xxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x podmínkám xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 xx x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 300 mm.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx, xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.6 Xxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxx aktivovaným xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x indikátorem xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.7 Analytické xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx xxxxxxx (5.4) xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (5.5) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 30 x xxxxxxxxx (4.1), xxx xxxxx xx xx xxxxxxx (5.1) s xxxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X x xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx 3,3 xXx (34 mbar).
Suší se xxx xxxx xxxxxxx 5 xxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx sušárny xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx dosažení xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x sušárně xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx x xx skleněnou xxxxxxxx xx okamžitě přemístí xx exsikátoru (5.6), xxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x pak xx zváží.
6.3 Do xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 mg naváží xxxxxxxxx 10 g xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxx 10 xx xxxxx xxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx váženky.
6.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a skleněnou xxxxxxxx se xxxxx xx sušárny x xxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxx xx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxx xx xxx 70 ± 1 °X, přičemž xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 20 xxxxx; x největšímu xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx ke xxxxx xxxxxxx dne. Xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx vývěvu x chodu při xxxxxxxxxx tlaku a xxxxxx pomalu xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx tak, aby xx během xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx nižší.
6.6 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx x x obsahem xx xxxxxxxx přemístí xx exsikátoru, xxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxx se xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx.
6.7 Xxxxxxx (6.5) se xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 4 xxxxxx. V xxxxxxx xx obnoví xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx se xxxxxx, xxx již xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx považuje xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, kdy xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx misky xxxx xxxxx xxx 2 xx. V xxxxxxx případě se xxxxxxx operace 6.7.
6.8 Xxx xxxxxxxxx sušiny xx vzorcích bezvodé xxxxxxxx xxxx v xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx není xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah sušiny xxxxxxxxx v procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 = je xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (g),
m1 = xx xxxxxxxx váženky x xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x zbytkem xxxxxxxxxx vzorku po xxxxxx (x),
x2 = xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou (g).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx být xxxxx xxx 0,12 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 3
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX SUŠINY
(Refraktometrická xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx stanoví xxxxx xxxxxx
- v tekutém xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v sirupu x bílého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx se index xxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xxx 20 °X x podle xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx indexu xxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxx x přesností xxxxxx xx čtyři xxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx vodním xxxxxxxxx propojeným x xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx udržována xxxxxxxxxxx xx teplotě 20 ± 0,5 °X.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx sodíkové xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
5.1 Pokud xxxx xx vzorku přítomny xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x).
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.1) se xxxxx xxxxx lomu xxxxxx xxx 20 °X.
6. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx z indexů xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx při 20 °X podle xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxx 1 % xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,022.
6.2 Pokud byl xxxxxx xxxxxx vodou x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x), musí se xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.3 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx xx totožných xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší xxx 0,2 g xxxxxx xx 100 x vzorku.
REFERENČNÍ XXXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxx (x) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X [1]
|
n (20 °X) |
Xxxxxxxxx (%) |
|
1,3330 |
0,009 |
|
1,3331 |
0,078 |
|
1,3332 |
0,149 |
|
1,3333 |
0,218 |
|
1,3334 |
0,288 |
|
1,3335 |
0,358 |
|
1,3336 |
0,428 |
|
1,3337 |
0,498 |
|
1,3338 |
0,567 |
|
1,3339 |
0,637 |
|
1,3340 |
0,707 |
|
1,3341 |
0,776 |
|
1,3342 |
0,846 |
|
1,3343 |
0,915 |
|
1,3344 |
0,985 |
|
1,3345 |
1,054 |
|
1,3346 |
1,124 |
|
1,3347 |
1,193 |
|
1,3348 |
1,263 |
|
1,3349 |
1,332 |
|
1,3350 |
1,401 |
|
1,3351 |
1,470 |
|
1,3352 |
1,540 |
|
1,3353 |
1,609 |
|
1,3354 |
1,678 |
|
1,3355 |
1,747 |
|
1,3356 |
1,816 |
|
1,3357 |
1,885 |
|
1,3358 |
1,954 |
|
1,3359 |
2,023 |
|
1,3360 |
2,092 |
|
1,3361 |
2,161 |
|
1,3362 |
2,230 |
|
1,3363 |
2,299 |
|
1,3364 |
2,367 |
|
1,3365 |
2,436 |
|
1,3366 |
2,505 |
|
1,3367 |
2,574 |
|
1,3368 |
2,642 |
|
1,3369 |
2,711 |
|
1,3370 |
2,779 |
|
1,3371 |
2,848 |
|
1,3372 |
2,917 |
|
1,3373 |
2,985 |
|
1,3374 |
3,053 |
|
1,3375 |
3,122 |
|
1,3376 |
3,190 |
|
1,3377 |
3,259 |
|
1,3378 |
3,327 |
|
1,3379 |
3,395 |
|
1,3380 |
3,463 |
|
1,3381 |
3,532 |
|
1,3382 |
3,600 |
|
1,3383 |
3,668 |
|
1,3384 |
3,736 |
|
1,3385 |
3,804 |
|
1,3386 |
3,872 |
|
1,3387 |
3,940 |
|
1,3388 |
4,008 |
|
1,3389 |
4,076 |
|
1,3390 |
4,144 |
|
1,3391 |
4,212 |
|
1,3392 |
4,279 |
|
1,3393 |
4,347 |
|
1,3394 |
4,415 |
|
1,3395 |
4,483 |
|
1,3396 |
4,550 |
|
1,3397 |
4,618 |
|
1,3398 |
4,686 |
|
1,3399 |
4,753 |
|
1,3400 |
4,821 |
|
1,3401 |
4,888 |
|
1,3402 |
4,956 |
|
1,3403 |
5,023 |
|
1,3404 |
5,091 |
|
1,3405 |
5,158 |
|
1,3406 |
5,225 |
|
1,3407 |
5,293 |
|
1,3408 |
5,360 |
|
1,3409 |
5,427 |
|
1,3410 |
5,494 |
|
1,3411 |
5,562 |
|
1,3412 |
5,629 |
|
1,3413 |
5,696 |
|
1,3414 |
5,763 |
|
1,3415 |
5,830 |
|
1,3416 |
5,897 |
|
1,3417 |
5,964 |
|
1,3418 |
6,031 |
|
1,3419 |
6,098 |
|
1,3420 |
6,165 |
|
1,3421 |
6,231 |
|
1,3422 |
6,298 |
|
1,3423 |
6,365 |
|
1,3424 |
6,432 |
|
1,3425 |
6,498 |
|
1,3426 |
6,565 |
|
1,3427 |
6,632 |
|
1,3428 |
6,698 |
|
1,3429 |
6,765 |
|
1,3430 |
6,831 |
|
1,3431 |
6,898 |
|
1,3432 |
6,964 |
|
1,3433 |
7,031 |
|
1,3434 |
7,097 |
|
1,3435 |
7,164 |
|
1,3436 |
7,230 |
|
1,3437 |
7,296 |
|
1,3438 |
7,362 |
|
1,3439 |
7,429 |
|
1,3440 |
7,495 |
|
1,3441 |
7,561 |
|
1,3442 |
7,627 |
|
1,3443 |
7,693 |
|
1,3444 |
7,759 |
|
1,3445 |
7,825 |
|
1,3446 |
7,891 |
|
1,3447 |
7,957 |
|
1,3448 |
8,023 |
|
1,3449 |
8,089 |
|
1,3450 |
8,155 |
|
1,3451 |
8,221 |
|
1,3452 |
8,287 |
|
1,3453 |
8,352 |
|
1,3454 |
8,418 |
|
1,3455 |
8,484 |
|
1,3456 |
8,550 |
|
1,3457 |
8,615 |
|
1&xxxx;3458 |
8,681 |
|
1,3459 |
8,746 |
|
1,3460 |
8,812 |
|
1,3461 |
8,878 |
|
1,3462 |
8,943 |
|
1,3463 |
9,008 |
|
1,3464 |
9,074 |
|
1,3465 |
9,139 |
|
1,3466 |
9,205 |
|
1,3467 |
9,270 |
|
1,3468 |
9,335 |
|
1,3469 |
9,400 |
|
1,3470 |
9,466 |
|
1,3471 |
9,531 |
|
1,3472 |
9,596 |
|
1,3473 |
9,661 |
|
1,3474 |
9,726 |
|
1,3475 |
9,791 |
|
1,3476 |
9,856 |
|
1,3477 |
9,921 |
|
1,3478 |
9,986 |
|
1,3479 |
10,051 |
|
1,3480 |
10,116 |
|
1,3481 |
10,181 |
|
1,3482 |
10,246 |
|
1,3483 |
10,311 |
|
1,3484 |
10,375 |
|
1,3485 |
10,440 |
|
1,3486 |
10,505 |
|
1,3487 |
10,570 |
|
1,3488 |
10,634 |
|
1,3489 |
10,699 |
|
1,3490 |
10,763 |
|
1,3491 |
10,828 |
|
1,3492 |
10,892 |
|
1,3493 |
10,957 |
|
1,3494 |
11,021 |
|
1,3495 |
11,086 |
|
1,3496 |
11,150 |
|
1,3497 |
11,215 |
|
1,3498 |
11,279 |
|
1,3499 |
11,343 |
|
1,3500 |
11,407 |
|
1,3501 |
11,472 |
|
1,3502 |
11,536 |
|
1,3503 |
11,600 |
|
1,3504 |
11,664 |
|
1,3505 |
11,728 |
|
1,3506 |
11,792 |
|
1,3507 |
11,856 |
|
1,3508 |
11,920 |
|
1,3509 |
11,984 |
|
1,3510 |
12,048 |
|
1,3511 |
12,112 |
|
1,3512 |
12,176 |
|
1,3513 |
12,240 |
|
1,3514 |
12,304 |
|
1,3515 |
12,368 |
|
1,3516 |
12,431 |
|
1,3517 |
12,495 |
|
1,3518 |
12,559 |
|
1,3519 |
12,623 |
|
1,3520 |
12,686 |
|
1,3521 |
12,750 |
|
1,3522 |
12,813 |
|
1,3523 |
12,877 |
|
1,3524 |
12,940 |
|
1,3525 |
13,004 |
|
1,3526 |
13,067 |
|
1,3527 |
13,131 |
|
1,3528 |
13,194 |
|
1,3529 |
13,258 |
|
1,3530 |
13,321 |
|
1,3531 |
13,384 |
|
1,3532 |
13,448 |
|
1,3533 |
13,511 |
|
1,3534 |
13,574 |
|
1,3535 |
13,637 |
|
1,3536 |
13,700 |
|
1,3537 |
13,763 |
|
1,3538 |
13,826 |
|
1,3539 |
13,890 |
|
1,3540 |
13,953 |
|
1,3541 |
14,016 |
|
1,3542 |
14,079 |
|
1,3543 |
14,141 |
|
1,3544 |
14,204 |
|
1,3545 |
14,267 |
|
1,3546 |
14,330 |
|
1,3547 |
14,393 |
|
1,3548 |
14,456 |
|
1,3549 |
14,518 |
|
1,3550 |
14,581 |
|
1,3551 |
14,644 |
|
1,3552 |
14,707 |
|
1,3553 |
14,769 |
|
1,3554 |
14,832 |
|
1,3555 |
14,894 |
|
1,3556 |
14,957 |
|
1,3557 |
15,019 |
|
1,3558 |
15,082 |
|
1,3559 |
15,144 |
|
1,3560 |
15,207 |
|
1,3561 |
15,269 |
|
1,3562 |
15,332 |
|
1,3563 |
15,394 |
|
1,3564 |
15,456 |
|
1,3565 |
15,518 |
|
1,3566 |
15,581 |
|
1,3567 |
15,643 |
|
1,3568 |
15,705 |
|
1,3569 |
15,767 |
|
1,3570 |
15,829 |
|
1,3571 |
15,891 |
|
1,3572 |
15,953 |
|
1,3573 |
16,016 |
|
1,3574 |
16,078 |
|
1,3575 |
16,140 |
|
1,3576 |
16,201 |
|
1,3577 |
16,263 |
|
1,3578 |
16,325 |
|
1,3579 |
16,387 |
|
1,3580 |
16,449 |
|
1,3581 |
16,511 |
|
1,3582 |
16,573 |
|
1,3583 |
16,634 |
|
1,3584 |
16,696 |
|
1,3585 |
16,758 |
|
1,3586 |
16,819 |
|
1,3587 |
16,881 |
|
1,3588 |
16,943 |
|
1,3389 |
17,004 |
|
1,3590 |
17,066 |
|
1,3591 |
17,127 |
|
1,3592 |
17,189 |
|
1,3593 |
17,250 |
|
1,3594 |
17,311 |
|
1,3595 |
17,373 |
|
1,3596 |
17,434 |
|
1,3597 |
17,496 |
|
1,3598 |
17,557 |
|
1,3599 |
17,618 |
|
1,3600 |
17,679 |
|
1,3601 |
17,741 |
|
1,3602 |
17,802 |
|
1,3603 |
17,863 |
|
1,3604 |
17,924 |
|
1,3605 |
17,985 |
|
1,3606 |
18,046 |
|
1,3607 |
18,107 |
|
1,3608 |
18,168 |
|
1,3609 |
18,229 |
|
1,3610 |
18,290 |
|
1,3610 |
18,351 |
|
1,3611 |
18,412 |
|
1,3613 |
18,473 |
|
1,3614 |
18,534 |
|
1,3615 |
18,595 |
|
1,3616 |
18,655 |
|
1,3617 |
18,716 |
|
1,3618 |
18,777 |
|
1,3619 |
18,837 |
|
1,3620 |
18,898 |
|
1,3621 |
18,959 |
|
1,3622 |
19,019 |
|
1,3623 |
19,080 |
|
1,3624 |
19,141 |
|
1,3625 |
19,201 |
|
1,3626 |
19,262 |
|
1,3627 |
19,322 |
|
1,3628 |
19,382 |
|
1,3629 |
19,443 |
|
1,3630 |
19,503 |
|
1,3631 |
19,564 |
|
1,3632 |
19,624 |
|
1,3633 |
19,684 |
|
1,3634 |
19,745 |
|
1,3635 |
19,805 |
|
1,3636 |
19,865 |
|
1,3637 |
19,925 |
|
1,3638 |
19,985 |
|
1,3639 |
20,045 |
|
1,3640 |
20,106 |
|
1.3641 |
20,166 |
|
1,3642 |
20,226 |
|
1,3643 |
20,286 |
|
1,3644 |
20,346 |
|
1,3645 |
20,406 |
|
1,3646 |
20,466 |
|
1,3647 |
20,525 |
|
1,3648 |
20,585 |
|
1,3649 |
20,645 |
|
1,3650 |
20,705 |
|
1,3651 |
20,765 |
|
1,3652 |
20,825 |
|
1,3653 |
20,884 |
|
1,3654 |
20,944 |
|
1,3655 |
21,004 |
|
1,3656 |
21,063 |
|
1,3657 |
21,123 |
|
1,3658 |
21,183 |
|
1,3659 |
21,242 |
|
1,3660 |
21,302 |
|
1,3661 |
21,361 |
|
1,3662 |
21,421 |
|
1,3563 |
21,480 |
|
1,3664 |
21,540 |
|
1,3665 |
21,599 |
|
1,3666 |
21,658 |
|
1,3667 |
21,718 |
|
1,3668 |
21,777 |
|
1,3669 |
21,836 |
|
1,3670 |
21,896 |
|
1,3671 |
21,955 |
|
1,3672 |
22,014 |
|
1,1673 |
22,073 |
|
1,3674 |
22,132 |
|
1,3675 |
22,192 |
|
1,3676 |
22,251 |
|
1,1677 |
22,310 |
|
1,3678 |
22,369 |
|
1,3679 |
22,428 |
|
1,3680 |
22,487 |
|
1,3681 |
22,546 |
|
1,3682 |
22,605 |
|
1,3683 |
22,664 |
|
1,3684 |
22,723 |
|
1,3685 |
22,781 |
|
1,3686 |
22,840 |
|
1,3687 |
22,899 |
|
1,3688 |
22,958 |
|
1,3689 |
23,017 |
|
1,3690 |
23,075 |
|
1,3691 |
23,134 |
|
1,3692 |
23,193 |
|
1,3693 |
23,251 |
|
1,3694 |
23,310 |
|
1,3695 |
23,369 |
|
1,3696 |
23,427 |
|
1,3697 |
23,486 |
|
1,3698 |
23,544 |
|
1,3699 |
23,603 |
|
1,3700 |
23,661 |
|
1,3701 |
23,720 |
|
1,3702 |
23,778 |
|
1,3703 |
23,836 |
|
1,3704 |
23,895 |
|
1,3705 |
23,953 |
|
1,3706 |
24,011 |
|
1,3707 |
24,070 |
|
1,3708 |
24,128 |
|
1,3709 |
24,186 |
|
1,3710 |
24,244 |
|
1,3711 |
24,302 |
|
1,3712 |
24,361 |
|
1,3713 |
24,419 |
|
1,3714 |
24,477 |
|
1,3715 |
24,535 |
|
1,3716 |
24,593 |
|
1,3717 |
24,651 |
|
1,3718 |
24,709 |
|
1,3719 |
24,767 |
|
1,3720 |
24,825 |
|
1,3721 |
24,883 |
|
1,3722 |
24,941 |
|
1,3723 |
24,998 |
|
1,3724 |
25,056 |
|
1,3725 |
25,114 |
|
1,3726 |
25,172 |
|
1,3727 |
25,230 |
|
1,3728 |
25287 |
|
1,3729 |
25,345 |
|
1,3730 |
25,403 |
|
1,3731 |
25,460 |
|
1,3732 |
25,518 |
|
1,3733 |
25,576 |
|
1,3734 |
25,633 |
|
1,3735 |
25,691 |
|
1,3736 |
25,748 |
|
1,3737 |
25,806 |
|
1,3738 |
25,863 |
|
1,3739 |
25,921 |
|
1,3740 |
25,978 |
|
1,3741 |
26,035 |
|
1,3742 |
26,093 |
|
1,3743 |
26,150 |
|
1,3744 |
26,207 |
|
1,3745 |
26,265 |
|
1,3746 |
26,322 |
|
1,3747 |
26,379 |
|
1,3748 |
26,436 |
|
1,3749 |
26,493 |
|
1,3750 |
26,551 |
|
1,3751 |
26,608 |
|
1,3752 |
26,665 |
|
1,3753 |
26,722 |
|
1,3754 |
26,779 |
|
1,3755 |
26,836 |
|
1,3756 |
26,893 |
|
1,3757 |
26,950 |
|
1,3758 |
27,007 |
|
1,3759 |
27,064 |
|
1,3760 |
27,121 |
|
1,3761 |
27,178 |
|
1,3762 |
27,234 |
|
1,3763 |
27,291 |
|
1,3764 |
27,348 |
|
1,3765 |
27,405 |
|
1,3765 |
27,462 |
|
1,3767 |
27,518 |
|
1,3768 |
27,575 |
|
1,3769 |
27,632 |
|
1,3770 |
27,688 |
|
1,3771 |
27,745 |
|
1,3772 |
27,802 |
|
1,3773 |
27,858 |
|
1,3774 |
27,915 |
|
1,3775 |
27,971 |
|
1,3776 |
28,028 |
|
1,3777 |
28,084 |
|
1,3778 |
28,141 |
|
1,3779 |
28,197 |
|
1,3780 |
28,253 |
|
1,3781 |
28,310 |
|
1,3782 |
28,366 |
|
1,3783 |
28,422 |
|
1,3784 |
28,479 |
|
1,3785 |
28,535 |
|
1,3786 |
28,591 |
|
1,3787 |
28,648 |
|
1,3788 |
28,704 |
|
1,3789 |
28,760 |
|
1,3790 |
28,816 |
|
1,3791 |
28,872 |
|
1,3792 |
28,928 |
|
1,3793 |
28,984 |
|
1,3794 |
29,040 |
|
1,3795 |
29,096 |
|
1,3796 |
29,152 |
|
1,3797 |
29,208 |
|
1,3798 |
29,264 |
|
1,3799 |
29,320 |
|
1,3800 |
29,376 |
|
1,3801 |
29,432 |
|
1,3802 |
29,488 |
|
1,3803 |
29,544 |
|
1,3804 |
29,600 |
|
1,3805 |
29,655 |
|
1,3806 |
29,711 |
|
1,3807 |
29,767 |
|
1,3808 |
29,823 |
|
1,3809 |
29,878 |
|
1,3810 |
29,934 |
|
1,3811 |
29,989 |
|
1,3812 |
30,045 |
|
1,3813 |
30,101 |
|
1,3814 |
30,156 |
|
1,3815 |
30,212 |
|
1,3816 |
30,267 |
|
1,3817 |
30,323 |
|
1,3818 |
30,378 |
|
1,3819 |
30,434 |
|
1,3820 |
30,489 |
|
1,3821 |
30,544 |
|
1,3822 |
30,600 |
|
1,3823 |
30,655 |
|
1,3824 |
30,711 |
|
1,3825 |
30,766 |
|
1,3826 |
30,821 |
|
1,3827 |
30,876 |
|
1,3828 |
30,932 |
|
1,3829 |
30,987 |
|
1,3830 |
31,042 |
|
1,3831 |
31,097 |
|
1,3832 |
31,152 |
|
1,3833 |
31,207 |
|
1,3834 |
31,262 |
|
1,3835 |
31,317 |
|
1,3836 |
31,372 |
|
1,3837 |
31,428 |
|
1,3838 |
31,482 |
|
1,3839 |
31,537 |
|
1,3840 |
31,592 |
|
1,3841 |
31,647 |
|
1,3842 |
31,702 |
|
1,3843 |
31,757 |
|
1,3844 |
31,812 |
|
1,3845 |
31,867 |
|
1,3846 |
31,922 |
|
1,3847 |
31,976 |
|
1,3848 |
32,031 |
|
1,3849 |
32,086 |
|
1,3850 |
32,140 |
|
1,3851 |
32,195 |
|
1,3852 |
32,250 |
|
1,3853 |
32,304 |
|
1,3854 |
32,359 |
|
1,3855 |
32,414 |
|
1,3856 |
32,468 |
|
1,3857 |
32,523 |
|
1,3858 |
32,577 |
|
1,3859 |
32,632 |
|
1,3860 |
32,686 |
|
1,3861 |
32,741 |
|
1,3862 |
32,795 |
|
1,3863 |
32,849 |
|
1,3864 |
32,904 |
|
1,3865 |
32,958 |
|
1,3866 |
33,013 |
|
1,3867 |
33,067 |
|
1,3868 |
33,121 |
|
1,3889 |
33,175 |
|
1,3870 |
33,230 |
|
1,3871 |
33,284 |
|
1,3872 |
33,338 |
|
1,3873 |
33,392 |
|
1,3874 |
33,446 |
|
1,3875 |
33,500 |
|
1,3876 |
33,555 |
|
1,3877 |
33,609 |
|
1,3878 |
33,663 |
|
1,3879 |
33,717 |
|
1,3880 |
33,771 |
|
1,3881 |
33,825 |
|
1,3882 |
33,879 |
|
1,3883 |
33,933 |
|
1,3884 |
33,987 |
|
1,3885 |
34,040 |
|
1,3886 |
34,094 |
|
1,3887 |
34,148 |
|
1,3888 |
34,202 |
|
1,3889 |
34,256 |
|
1,3890 |
34,310 |
|
1,3891 |
34,363 |
|
1,3892 |
34,417 |
|
1,3893 |
34,471 |
|
1,3894 |
34,524 |
|
1,3895 |
34,578 |
|
1,3896 |
34,632 |
|
1,3897 |
34,685 |
|
1,3898 |
34,739 |
|
1,3899 |
34,793 |
|
1,3900 |
34,846 |
|
1,3901 |
34,900 |
|
1,3902 |
34,953 |
|
1,3903 |
35,007 |
|
1,3904 |
35,060 |
|
1,3905 |
35,114 |
|
1,3906 |
35,167 |
|
1,3907 |
35,220 |
|
1,3908 |
35,274 |
|
1,3909 |
35,327 |
|
1,3910 |
35,380 |
|
1,3911 |
35,434 |
|
1,3912 |
35,487 |
|
1,3913 |
35,540 |
|
1,3914 |
35,593 |
|
1,3915 |
35,647 |
|
1,3916 |
35,700 |
|
1,3917 |
35,753 |
|
1,3918 |
35,806 |
|
1,3919 |
35,859 |
|
1,3920 |
35,912 |
|
1,3921 |
35,966 |
|
1,3922 |
36,019 |
|
1,3923 |
36,072 |
|
1,3924 |
36,125 |
|
1,3925 |
36,178 |
|
1,3926 |
36,231 |
|
1,3927 |
36,284 |
|
1,3928 |
36,337 |
|
1,3929 |
36,389 |
|
1,3930 |
36,442 |
|
1,3931 |
36,495 |
|
1,3932 |
36,548 |
|
1,3933 |
36,601 |
|
1,3934 |
36,654 |
|
1,3935 |
36,706 |
|
1,3936 |
36,759 |
|
1,3937 |
36,812 |
|
1,3938 |
36,865 |
|
1,3939 |
36,917 |
|
1,3940 |
36,970 |
|
1,3941 |
37,023 |
|
1,3942 |
37,075 |
|
1,3943 |
37,128 |
|
1,3944 |
37,180 |
|
1,3945 |
37,233 |
|
1,3946 |
37,286 |
|
1,3947 |
37,338 |
|
1,3948 |
37,391 |
|
1,3949 |
37,443 |
|
1,3950 |
37,495 |
|
1,3951 |
37,548 |
|
1,3952 |
37,600 |
|
1,3953 |
37,653 |
|
1,3954 |
37,705 |
|
1,3955 |
37,757 |
|
1,3956 |
37,810 |
|
1,3957 |
37,862 |
|
1,3958 |
37,914 |
|
1,3959 |
37,967 |
|
1,3960 |
38,019 |
|
1,3961 |
38,071 |
|
1,3962 |
38,123 |
|
1,3963 |
38,175 |
|
1,3964 |
38,228 |
|
1,3965 |
38,280 |
|
1,3966 |
38,332 |
|
1,3967 |
38,384 |
|
1,3968 |
38,436 |
|
1,3969 |
38,488 |
|
1,3970 |
38,540 |
|
1,3971 |
38,592 |
|
1,3972 |
38,644 |
|
1,3973 |
38,696 |
|
1,3974 |
38,748 |
|
1,3975 |
38,800 |
|
1,3976 |
38,852 |
|
1,3977 |
38,904 |
|
1,3978 |
38,955 |
|
1,3979 |
39,007 |
|
1,3980 |
39,059 |
|
1,3981 |
39,111 |
|
1,3982 |
39,163 |
|
1,3983 |
39,214 |
|
1,3984 |
39,266 |
|
1,3985 |
39,318 |
|
1,3986 |
39,370 |
|
1,3987 |
39,421 |
|
1,3988 |
39,473 |
|
1,3989 |
39,525 |
|
1,3990 |
39,576 |
|
1,3991 |
39,628 |
|
1,3992 |
39,679 |
|
1,3993 |
39,731 |
|
1,3994 |
39,782 |
|
1,3995 |
39,834 |
|
1,3996 |
39,885 |
|
1,3997 |
39,937 |
|
1,3998 |
39,988 |
|
1,3999 |
40,040 |
|
1,4000 |
40,091 |
|
1,4001 |
40,142 |
|
1,4002 |
40,194 |
|
1,4003 |
40,245 |
|
1,4004 |
40,296 |
|
1,4005 |
40,348 |
|
1,4006 |
40,399 |
|
1,4007 |
40,450 |
|
1,4008 |
40,501 |
|
1,4009 |
40,553 |
|
1,4010 |
40,604 |
|
1,4011 |
40,655 |
|
1,4012 |
40,706 |
|
1,4013 |
40,757 |
|
1,4014 |
40,808 |
|
1,4015 |
40,860 |
|
1,4016 |
40,911 |
|
1,4017 |
40,962 |
|
1,4018 |
41,013 |
|
1,4019 |
41,064 |
|
1,4020 |
41,115 |
|
1,4021 |
41,166 |
|
1,4022 |
41,217 |
|
1,4023 |
41,268 |
|
1,4024 |
41,318 |
|
1,4025 |
41,369 |
|
1,4026 |
41,420 |
|
1,4027 |
41,471 |
|
1,4028 |
41,522 |
|
1,4029 |
41,573 |
|
1,4030 |
41,623 |
|
1,4031 |
41,674 |
|
1,4032 |
41,725 |
|
1,4033 |
41,776 |
|
1,4034 |
41,826 |
|
1,4035 |
41,877 |
|
1,4036 |
41,928 |
|
1,4037 |
41,978 |
|
1,4038 |
42,029 |
|
1,4039 |
42,080 |
|
1,4040 |
42,130 |
|
1,4041 |
42,181 |
|
1,4042 |
42,231 |
|
1,4043 |
42,282 |
|
1,4044 |
42,332 |
|
1,4045 |
42,383 |
|
1,4046 |
42,433 |
|
1,4047 |
42,484 |
|
1,4048 |
42,534 |
|
1,4049 |
42,585 |
|
1,4050 |
42,635 |
|
1,4051 |
42,685 |
|
1,4052 |
42,736 |
|
1,4053 |
42,786 |
|
1,4054 |
42,836 |
|
1,4055 |
42,887 |
|
1,4056 |
42,937 |
|
1,4057 |
42,987 |
|
1,4058 |
43,037 |
|
1,4059 |
43,088 |
|
1,4060 |
43,138 |
|
1,4061 |
43,188 |
|
1,4062 |
43,238 |
|
1,4063 |
43,288 |
|
1,4064 |
43,338 |
|
1,4065 |
43,388 |
|
1,4066 |
43,439 |
|
1,4067 |
43,489 |
|
1,4068 |
43,539 |
|
1,4069 |
43,589 |
|
1,4070 |
43,639 |
|
1,4071 |
43,689 |
|
1,4072 |
43739 |
|
1,4073 |
43,789 |
|
1,4074 |
43,838 |
|
1,4075 |
43,888 |
|
1,4076 |
43,938 |
|
1,4077 |
43,988 |
|
1,4078 |
44,038 |
|
1,4079 |
44,088 |
|
1,4080 |
44,138 |
|
1,4081 |
44,187 |
|
1,4082 |
44,237 |
|
1,4083 |
44,287 |
|
1,4084 |
44,337 |
|
1,4085 |
44,386 |
|
1,4086 |
44,436 |
|
1,4087 |
44,486 |
|
1,4088 |
44,535 |
|
1,4089 |
44,585 |
|
1,4090 |
44,635 |
|
1,4091 |
44,684 |
|
1,4092 |
44,734 |
|
1,4093 |
44,783 |
|
1,4094 |
44,833 |
|
1,4095 |
44,882 |
|
1,4096 |
44,932 |
|
1,4097 |
44,981 |
|
1,4098 |
45,031 |
|
1,4099 |
45,080 |
|
1,4100 |
45,130 |
|
1,4101 |
43,179 |
|
1,4102 |
45,228 |
|
1,4103 |
45,278 |
|
1,4104 |
45,327 |
|
1,4105 |
45,376 |
|
1,4106 |
45,426 |
|
1,4107 |
45,475 |
|
1,4108 |
45,524 |
|
1,4109 |
45,574 |
|
1,4110 |
45,623 |
|
1,4111 |
45,672 |
|
1,4112 |
45,721 |
|
1,4113 |
45,770 |
|
1,4114 |
45,820 |
|
1,4115 |
45,869 |
|
1,4116 |
45,918 |
|
1,4117 |
46,967 |
|
1,4118 |
46,016 |
|
1,4119 |
46,065 |
|
1,4120 |
46,114 |
|
1,4121 |
46,163 |
|
1,4122 |
46,212 |
|
1,4123 |
46,261 |
|
1,4124 |
46,310 |
|
1,4125 |
46,359 |
|
1,4126 |
46,408 |
|
1,4127 |
46,457 |
|
1,4128 |
46,506 |
|
1,4129 |
46,555 |
|
1,4130 |
46,604 |
|
1,4131 |
46,652 |
|
1,4132 |
46,701 |
|
1,4133 |
46,750 |
|
1,4134 |
46,799 |
|
1,4135 |
46,848 |
|
1,4136 |
46,896 |
|
1,4137 |
46,945 |
|
1,4138 |
46,994 |
|
1,4139 |
47,043 |
|
1,4140 |
47,091 |
|
1,4141 |
47,140 |
|
1,4141 |
47,188 |
|
1,4143 |
47,237 |
|
1,4144 |
47,286 |
|
1,4145 |
47,334 |
|
1,4146 |
47,383 |
|
1,4147 |
47,431 |
|
1,4148 |
47,480 |
|
1,4149 |
47,528 |
|
1,4150 |
47,577 |
|
1,4151 |
47,625 |
|
1,4152 |
47,674 |
|
1,4153 |
47,722 |
|
1,4154 |
47,771 |
|
1,4155 |
47,819 |
|
1,4156 |
47,868 |
|
1,4157 |
47,916 |
|
1,4158 |
47,964 |
|
1,4159 |
48,013 |
|
1,4160 |
48,061 |
|
1,4161 |
48,109 |
|
1,4162 |
48,158 |
|
1,4163 |
48,206 |
|
1,4164 |
48,254 |
|
1,4165 |
48,302 |
|
1,4166 |
48,350 |
|
1,4167 |
48,399 |
|
1,4168 |
48,447 |
|
1,4169 |
48,495 |
|
1,4170 |
48,543 |
|
1,4171 |
48,591 |
|
1,4172 |
48,639 |
|
1,4173 |
48,687 |
|
1,4174 |
48,735 |
|
1,4175 |
48,784 |
|
1,4176 |
48,832 |
|
1,4177 |
48,880 |
|
1,4178 |
48,928 |
|
1,4179 |
48,976 |
|
1,4180 |
49,023 |
|
1,4181 |
49,071 |
|
1,4182 |
49,119 |
|
1,4183 |
49,167 |
|
1,4184 |
49,215 |
|
1,4185 |
49,263 |
|
1,4186 |
49,311 |
|
1,4187 |
49,359 |
|
1,4188 |
49,407 |
|
1,4189 |
49,454 |
|
1,4190 |
49,502 |
|
1,4191 |
49,550 |
|
1,4192 |
49,598 |
|
1,4193 |
49,645 |
|
1,4194 |
49,693 |
|
1,4195 |
49,741 |
|
1,4196 |
49,788 |
|
1,4197 |
49,836 |
|
1,4198 |
49,884 |
|
1,4199 |
49,931 |
|
1,4200 |
49,979 |
|
1,4201 |
50,027 |
|
1,4202 |
50,074 |
|
1,4203 |
50,122 |
|
1,4204 |
50,169 |
|
1,4205 |
50,217 |
|
1,4206 |
50,264 |
|
1,4207 |
50,312 |
|
1,4208 |
50,359 |
|
1,4209 |
50,407 |
|
1,4210 |
50,454 |
|
1,4211 |
50,502 |
|
1,4212 |
50,549 |
|
1,4213 |
50,596 |
|
1,4214 |
50,644 |
|
1,4215 |
50,691 |
|
1,4216 |
50,738 |
|
1,4217 |
50,786 |
|
1,4218 |
50,833 |
|
1,4219 |
50,880 |
|
1,4220 |
50,928 |
|
1,4221 |
50,975 |
|
1,4222 |
51,022 |
|
1,4223 |
51,069 |
|
1,4224 |
51,116 |
|
1,4225 |
51,164 |
|
1,4226 |
51,211 |
|
1,4227 |
51,258 |
|
1,4228 |
51305 |
|
1,4229 |
51,352 |
|
1,4230 |
51,399 |
|
1,4231 |
51,446 |
|
1,4232 |
51,493 |
|
1,4233 |
51,540 |
|
1,4234 |
51,587 |
|
1,4235 |
51,634 |
|
1,4236 |
51,681 |
|
1,4237 |
51,728 |
|
1,4238 |
51,775 |
|
1,4239 |
51,822 |
|
1,4240 |
51,869 |
|
1,4241 |
51,916 |
|
1,4242 |
51,963 |
|
1,4243 |
52,010 |
|
1,4244 |
52,057 |
|
1,4245 |
52,104 |
|
1,4246 |
52,150 |
|
1,4247 |
52,197 |
|
1,4248 |
52,244 |
|
1,4249 |
52,291 |
|
1,4250 |
52,338 |
|
1,4251 |
52,384 |
|
1,4252 |
52,431 |
|
1,4253 |
52,478 |
|
1,4254 |
52,524 |
|
1,4255 |
52,571 |
|
1,4256 |
52,618 |
|
1,4257 |
52,664 |
|
1,4258 |
52,711 |
|
1,4259 |
52,758 |
|
1,4260 |
52,804 |
|
1,4261 |
52,851 |
|
1,4261 |
52,897 |
|
1,4263 |
52,944 |
|
1,4264 |
52,990 |
|
1,4265 |
53,037 |
|
1,4266 |
53,083 |
|
1,4267 |
53,130 |
|
1,4268 |
53,176 |
|
1,4269 |
53,223 |
|
1,4270 |
53,269 |
|
1,4271 |
53,316 |
|
1,4272 |
53,362 |
|
1,4273 |
53,408 |
|
1,4274 |
53,455 |
|
1,4275 |
53,501 |
|
1,4276 |
53,548 |
|
1,4277 |
53,594 |
|
1,4278 |
53,640 |
|
1,4279 |
53,686 |
|
1,4280 |
53,733 |
|
1,4281 |
53,779 |
|
1,4282 |
53,825 |
|
1,4283 |
53,871 |
|
1,4284 |
53,918 |
|
1,4285 |
53,964 |
|
1,4286 |
54,010 |
|
1,4287 |
54,056 |
|
1,4288 |
54,102 |
|
1,4289 |
54,148 |
|
1,4290 |
54,194 |
|
1,4291 |
54,241 |
|
1,4292 |
54,287 |
|
1,4293 |
54,333 |
|
1,4294 |
54,379 |
|
1,4295 |
54,425 |
|
1,4296 |
54,471 |
|
1,4297 |
54,517 |
|
1,4298 |
54,563 |
|
1,4299 |
54,609 |
|
1,4300 |
54,655 |
|
1,4301 |
54,701 |
|
1,4302 |
54,746 |
|
1,4303 |
54,792 |
|
1,4304 |
54,838 |
|
1,4305 |
54,884 |
|
1,4306 |
54,930 |
|
1,4307 |
54,976 |
|
1,4308 |
55,022 |
|
1,4309 |
55067 |
|
1,4310 |
55,113 |
|
1,4311 |
55,159 |
|
1,4312 |
55,205 |
|
1,4313 |
55,250 |
|
1,4314 |
55,296 |
|
1,4315 |
55,342 |
|
1,4316 |
55,388 |
|
1,4317 |
55,433 |
|
1,4318 |
55,479 |
|
1,4319 |
55,524 |
|
1,4320 |
55,570 |
|
1,4321 |
55,616 |
|
1,4322 |
55,661 |
|
1,4323 |
55,707 |
|
1,4324 |
55,752 |
|
1,4325 |
55,798 |
|
1,4326 |
55,844 |
|
1,4327 |
55,889 |
|
1,4328 |
55,935 |
|
1,4329 |
55,980 |
|
1,4330 |
56,026 |
|
1,4331 |
56,071 |
|
1,4332 |
56,116 |
|
1,4133 |
56,162 |
|
1,4334 |
56,207 |
|
1,4335 |
56,253 |
|
1,4336 |
56,298 |
|
1,4337 |
56,343 |
|
1,4338 |
56,389 |
|
1,4339 |
56,434 |
|
1,4340 |
56,479 |
|
1,4341 |
56,525 |
|
1,4342 |
56,570 |
|
1,4343 |
56,615 |
|
1,4344 |
56,660 |
|
1,4345 |
56,706 |
|
1,4346 |
56,751 |
|
1,4347 |
56,796 |
|
1,4348 |
56,841 |
|
1,4349 |
56,887 |
|
1,4350 |
56,932 |
|
1,4351 |
56,977 |
|
1,4352 |
57,022 |
|
1,4353 |
57,067 |
|
1,4354 |
57,112 |
|
1,4355 |
57,157 |
|
1,4356 |
57,202 |
|
1,4357 |
57,247 |
|
14358 |
57,292 |
|
1,4359 |
57,337 |
|
1,4360 |
57,382 |
|
1,4361 |
57,427 |
|
1,4362 |
57,472 |
|
1,4363 |
57,517 |
|
1,4364 |
57,562 |
|
1,4365 |
57,607 |
|
1,4366 |
57,652 |
|
1,4367 |
57,697 |
|
1,4368 |
57,742 |
|
1,4369 |
57,787 |
|
1,4370 |
57,832 |
|
1,4371 |
57,877 |
|
1,4372 |
57,921 |
|
1,4373 |
57,966 |
|
1,4374 |
58,011 |
|
1,4375 |
58,056 |
|
1,4376 |
58,101 |
|
1,4377 |
58,145 |
|
1,4378 |
58,190 |
|
1,4379 |
58,235 |
|
1,4380 |
58,279 |
|
1,4381 |
58,324 |
|
1,4382 |
58,369 |
|
1,4383 |
58,413 |
|
1,4384 |
53,458 |
|
1,4385 |
58,503 |
|
1,4386 |
58,547 |
|
1,4387 |
58,592 |
|
1,4388 |
58,637 |
|
1,4389 |
58,681 |
|
1,4390 |
58,726 |
|
1,4391 |
58,770 |
|
1,4392 |
58,815 |
|
1,4393 |
58,859 |
|
1,4394 |
58,904 |
|
1,4395 |
58,948 |
|
1,4396 |
58,993 |
|
1,4397 |
59,037 |
|
1,4398 |
59,082 |
|
1,4399 |
59,126 |
|
1,4400 |
59,170 |
|
1,4401 |
59,215 |
|
1,4402 |
59,259 |
|
1,4403 |
59,304 |
|
1,4404 |
59,348 |
|
1,4405 |
59,392 |
|
1,4406 |
59,437 |
|
1,4407 |
59,481 |
|
1,4408 |
59,525 |
|
1,4409 |
59,569 |
|
1,4410 |
59,614 |
|
1,4411 |
59,658 |
|
1,4412 |
59,702 |
|
1,4413 |
59,746 |
|
1,4414 |
59,791 |
|
1,4415 |
59,835 |
|
1,4416 |
59,879 |
|
1,4417 |
59,923 |
|
1,4418 |
59,967 |
|
1,4419 |
60,011 |
|
1,4420 |
60,056 |
|
1,4421 |
60,100 |
|
1,4422 |
60,144 |
|
1,4423 |
60,188 |
|
1,4424 |
60,232 |
|
1,4425 |
60,276 |
|
1,4426 |
60,320 |
|
1,4427 |
60,364 |
|
1,4428 |
60,408 |
|
1,4429 |
60,452 |
|
1,4430 |
60,496 |
|
1,4431 |
60,540 |
|
1,4432 |
60,584 |
|
1,4433 |
60,628 |
|
1,4434 |
60,672 |
|
1,4435 |
60,716 |
|
1,4436 |
60,759 |
|
1,4437 |
60,803 |
|
1,4438 |
60,847 |
|
1,4439 |
60,891 |
|
1,4440 |
60,935 |
|
1,4441 |
60,979 |
|
1,4442 |
61,023 |
|
1,4443 |
61,066 |
|
1,4444 |
61,110 |
|
1,4445 |
61,154 |
|
1,4446 |
61,198 |
|
1,4447 |
61,241 |
|
1,4448 |
61,285 |
|
1,4449 |
61,329 |
|
1,4450 |
61,372 |
|
1,4451 |
61,416 |
|
1,4452 |
61,460 |
|
1,4453 |
61,503 |
|
1,4454 |
61,547 |
|
1,4455 |
61,591 |
|
1,4456 |
61,634 |
|
1,4457 |
61,678 |
|
1,4458 |
61,721 |
|
1,4459 |
61,765 |
|
1,4460 |
61,809 |
|
1,4461 |
61,852 |
|
1,4462 |
61,896 |
|
1,4463 |
61,939 |
|
1,4464 |
62,983 |
|
1,4465 |
62,026 |
|
1,4466 |
62,070 |
|
1,4467 |
62,113 |
|
1,4468 |
62,156 |
|
1,4469 |
62,200 |
|
1,4470 |
62,243 |
|
1,4471 |
62,287 |
|
1,4472 |
62,330 |
|
1,4473 |
62,373 |
|
1,4474 |
62,417 |
|
1,4475 |
62,460 |
|
1,4476 |
62,503 |
|
1,4477 |
62,547 |
|
1,4478 |
62,590 |
|
14479 |
62,633 |
|
1,4480 |
62,677 |
|
1,4481 |
62,720 |
|
1,4482 |
62,763 |
|
1,4483 |
62,806 |
|
1,4184 |
62,849 |
|
1,4485 |
62,893 |
|
1,4486 |
62,936 |
|
1,4487 |
62,979 |
|
1,4488 |
63,022 |
|
1,4489 |
63,065 |
|
1,4490 |
63,108 |
|
1,4491 |
63,152 |
|
1,4492 |
63,195 |
|
1,4493 |
63,238 |
|
1,4494 |
63,281 |
|
1,4495 |
63,324 |
|
1,4496 |
63,367 |
|
1,4497 |
63,410 |
|
1,4498 |
63,453 |
|
1,4499 |
63,496 |
|
1,4500 |
63,539 |
|
1,4501 |
63,582 |
|
1,4502 |
63,625 |
|
1,4503 |
63,668 |
|
1,4304 |
63,711 |
|
1,4505 |
63,754 |
|
1,4506 |
63,797 |
|
1,4507 |
63,840 |
|
1,4508 |
63,882 |
|
1,4509 |
63,925 |
|
1,4510 |
63,968 |
|
1,4511 |
64,011 |
|
1,4512 |
64,054 |
|
1,4513 |
64,097 |
|
1,4514 |
64,139 |
|
1,4515 |
64,182 |
|
1,4516 |
64,225 |
|
1,4517 |
64,268 |
|
1,4518 |
64,311 |
|
1,4519 |
64,353 |
|
1,4520 |
64,396 |
|
1,4521 |
64,439 |
|
1,4522 |
64,481 |
|
1,4523 |
64,524 |
|
1,4524 |
64,567 |
|
1,4525 |
64,609 |
|
1,4526 |
64,652 |
|
1,4527 |
64,695 |
|
1,4528 |
64,737 |
|
1,4529 |
64,780 |
|
1,4530 |
64,823 |
|
1,4531 |
64,865 |
|
1,4532 |
64,908 |
|
1,4533 |
64,950 |
|
1,4534 |
64,993 |
|
1,4535 |
65,035 |
|
1,4536 |
65,078 |
|
1,4537 |
65,120 |
|
1,4538 |
65,163 |
|
1,4539 |
65,205 |
|
1,4540 |
65,248 |
|
1,4541 |
65,290 |
|
1,4542 |
65,333 |
|
1,4543 |
65,375 |
|
1,4544 |
65,417 |
|
1,4545 |
65,460 |
|
1,4546 |
65,502 |
|
1,4547 |
65,544 |
|
1,4548 |
65,587 |
|
1,4549 |
65,629 |
|
1,4550 |
65,672 |
|
1,4551 |
65,714 |
|
1,4552 |
65,756 |
|
1,4553 |
65,798 |
|
1,4554 |
65,841 |
|
1,4555 |
65,883 |
|
1,4556 |
65,925 |
|
1,4557 |
65,967 |
|
1,4558 |
66,010 |
|
1,4559 |
66,052 |
|
1,4560 |
66,094 |
|
1,4561 |
66,136 |
|
1,4562 |
66,178 |
|
1,4563 |
66,221 |
|
1,4564 |
66,263 |
|
1,4565 |
66,305 |
|
1,4566 |
66,347 |
|
1,4567 |
66,389 |
|
1,4568 |
66,431 |
|
1,4569 |
66,473 |
|
1,4570 |
66,515 |
|
1,4571 |
66,557 |
|
1,4572 |
66,599 |
|
1,4573 |
66,641 |
|
1,4574 |
66,683 |
|
1,4575 |
66,725 |
|
1,4576 |
66,767 |
|
1,4577 |
66,809 |
|
1,4578 |
66,851 |
|
1,4579 |
66,893 |
|
1,4580 |
66,935 |
|
1,4581 |
66,977 |
|
1,4582 |
67,019 |
|
1,4583 |
67,061 |
|
1,4584 |
67,103 |
|
1,4585 |
67,145 |
|
1,4586 |
67,186 |
|
1,4587 |
67,228 |
|
1,4588 |
67,270 |
|
1,4589 |
67,312 |
|
1,4590 |
67,354 |
|
1,4591 |
67,396 |
|
1,4592 |
67,437 |
|
1,4593 |
67,479 |
|
1,4594 |
67,521 |
|
1,4595 |
67,563 |
|
1,4596 |
67,604 |
|
1,4597 |
67,646 |
|
1,4598 |
67,688 |
|
1,4599 |
67,729 |
|
1,4600 |
67,771 |
|
1,4601 |
67,813 |
|
1,4602 |
67,854 |
|
1,4603 |
67,896 |
|
1,4604 |
67,938 |
|
1,4605 |
67,979 |
|
1,4606 |
68,021 |
|
1,4607 |
68,063 |
|
1,4608 |
68,104 |
|
1,4609 |
68,146 |
|
1,4610 |
68,187 |
|
1,4611 |
68,229 |
|
1,4611 |
68,270 |
|
1,4613 |
68,312 |
|
1,4614 |
68,353 |
|
1,4615 |
68,395 |
|
1,4616 |
68,436 |
|
1,4617 |
68,478 |
|
1,4618 |
68,519 |
|
1,4619 |
68,561 |
|
1,4620 |
68,602 |
|
1,4621 |
68,643 |
|
1,4622 |
68,685 |
|
1,4623 |
68,726 |
|
1,4624 |
68,768 |
|
1,4625 |
68,809 |
|
1,4626 |
68,850 |
|
1,4627 |
68,892 |
|
1,4628 |
68,933 |
|
1,4629 |
68,974 |
|
1,4630 |
69,016 |
|
1,4631 |
69,057 |
|
1,4632 |
69,098 |
|
1,4633 |
69,139 |
|
1,4634 |
69,181 |
|
1,4635 |
69,222 |
|
1,4636 |
69,263 |
|
1,4637 |
69,304 |
|
1,4638 |
69,346 |
|
1,4639 |
69,387 |
|
1,4640 |
69,428 |
|
1,4641 |
69,469 |
|
1,4642 |
69,510 |
|
1,4643 |
69,551 |
|
1,4644 |
69,593 |
|
1,4645 |
69,634 |
|
1,4646 |
69,675 |
|
1,4647 |
69,716 |
|
1,4648 |
69,757 |
|
1,4649 |
69,798 |
|
1,4650 |
69,839 |
|
1,4651 |
69,880 |
|
1,4652 |
69,921 |
|
1,4653 |
69,962 |
|
1,4654 |
70,003 |
|
1,4655 |
70,044 |
|
1,4656 |
70,085 |
|
1,4657 |
70,126 |
|
1,4658 |
70,167 |
|
1,4659 |
70,208 |
|
1,4660 |
70,249 |
|
1,4661 |
70,290 |
|
1,4662 |
70,331 |
|
1,4663 |
70,372 |
|
1,4664 |
70,413 |
|
1,4665 |
70,453 |
|
1,4666 |
70,494 |
|
1,4667 |
70,535 |
|
1,4668 |
70,576 |
|
1,4669 |
70,617 |
|
1,4670 |
70,658 |
|
1,4671 |
70,698 |
|
1,4672 |
70,739 |
|
1,4673 |
70,780 |
|
1,4674 |
70,821 |
|
1,4675 |
70,861 |
|
1,4676 |
70,902 |
|
1,4677 |
70,943 |
|
1,4678 |
70,984 |
|
1,4679 |
71024 |
|
1,4680 |
71,065 |
|
1,4681 |
71,106 |
|
1,4681 |
71,146 |
|
1,4683 |
71,187 |
|
1,4684 |
71,228 |
|
1,4685 |
71,268 |
|
1,4686 |
71,309 |
|
1,4687 |
71,349 |
|
1,4688 |
71,390 |
|
1,4689 |
71,431 |
|
1,4690 |
71,471 |
|
1,4691 |
71,512 |
|
1,4692 |
71,552 |
|
1,4693 |
71,593 |
|
1,4694 |
71,633 |
|
1,4695 |
71,674 |
|
1,4696 |
71,714 |
|
1,4697 |
71,755 |
|
1,4698 |
71,795 |
|
1,4699 |
71,836 |
|
1,4700 |
71,876 |
|
1,4701 |
71,917 |
|
1,4702 |
71,957 |
|
1,4703 |
71,998 |
|
1,4704 |
72,038 |
|
1,4705 |
72,078 |
|
1,4706 |
72,119 |
|
1,4707 |
72,159 |
|
1,4708 |
72,199 |
|
1,4709 |
72,240 |
|
1,4710 |
72,280 |
|
1,4711 |
72,320 |
|
1,4712 |
72,361 |
|
1,4713 |
72,401 |
|
1,4714 |
72,441 |
|
1,4715 |
72,482 |
|
1,4716 |
72,522 |
|
1,4717 |
72,562 |
|
1,4718 |
72,602 |
|
1,4719 |
72,643 |
|
1,4720 |
72,683 |
|
1,4721 |
72,723 |
|
1,4722 |
72,763 |
|
1,4723 |
72,803 |
|
1,4724 |
72,843 |
|
1,4725 |
72,884 |
|
1,4726 |
72924 |
|
1,4727 |
72,964 |
|
1,4728 |
73,004 |
|
1,4729 |
73,044 |
|
1,4730 |
73,084 |
|
1,4731 |
73,124 |
|
1,4732 |
73,164 |
|
1,4733 |
73,204 |
|
1,4734 |
73,244 |
|
1,4735 |
73,285 |
|
1,4736 |
73,325 |
|
1,4737 |
73,365 |
|
1,4738 |
73,405 |
|
1,4739 |
73,445 |
|
1,4740 |
73,485 |
|
1,4741 |
73,524 |
|
1,4742 |
73,564 |
|
1,4743 |
73,604 |
|
1,4744 |
73,644 |
|
1,4745 |
73,684 |
|
1,4746 |
73,724 |
|
1,4747 |
73,764 |
|
1,4748 |
73,804 |
|
1,4749 |
73,844 |
|
1,4750 |
73,884 |
|
1,4751 |
73,924 |
|
1,4752 |
73,963 |
|
1,4753 |
74,003 |
|
1,4754 |
74,043 |
|
1,4755 |
74,083 |
|
1,4756 |
74,123 |
|
1,4757 |
74,162 |
|
1,4758 |
74,202 |
|
1,4759 |
74,242 |
|
1,4760 |
74,282 |
|
1,4761 |
74,321 |
|
1,4762 |
74,361 |
|
1,4763 |
74,401 |
|
1,4764 |
74,441 |
|
1,4765 |
74,480 |
|
1,4766 |
74,520 |
|
1,4767 |
74,560 |
|
1,4768 |
74,599 |
|
1,4769 |
74,639 |
|
1,4770 |
74,678 |
|
1,4771 |
74,718 |
|
1,1772 |
74,758 |
|
1,4773 |
74,797 |
|
1,4774 |
74,837 |
|
1,4775 |
74,876 |
|
1,4776 |
74,916 |
|
1,4777 |
74,956 |
|
1,4778 |
74,995 |
|
1,4779 |
75,035 |
|
1,4780 |
75,074 |
|
1,1781 |
75,114 |
|
1,4782 |
75,153 |
|
1,4783 |
75,193 |
|
1,4784 |
75,232 |
|
1,4785 |
75,272 |
|
1,4786 |
75,311 |
|
1,4787 |
75,350 |
|
1,4788 |
75,390 |
|
1,4789 |
75,429 |
|
1,4790 |
75,469 |
|
1,4791 |
75,508 |
|
1,4792 |
75,547 |
|
1,4793 |
75,587 |
|
1,4794 |
75,626 |
|
1,4795 |
75,666 |
|
1,4796 |
75,705 |
|
1,4797 |
75,744 |
|
1,4798 |
75,784 |
|
1,4799 |
75,823 |
|
1,4800 |
75,862 |
|
1,4801 |
75,901 |
|
1,4802 |
75,941 |
|
1,4803 |
75,980 |
|
1,4804 |
76,019 |
|
1,4805 |
76,058 |
|
1,4806 |
76,098 |
|
1,4807 |
76,137 |
|
1,4808 |
76,176 |
|
1,4809 |
76,215 |
|
1,4810 |
76,254 |
|
1,4810 |
76,294 |
|
1,4812 |
76,333 |
|
1,4813 |
76,372 |
|
1,4814 |
76,411 |
|
1,4815 |
76,450 |
|
1,4816 |
76,489 |
|
1,4817 |
76,528 |
|
1,4818 |
76,567 |
|
1,4819 |
76,607 |
|
1,4820 |
76,646 |
|
1,4821 |
76,685 |
|
1,4822 |
76,724 |
|
1,4823 |
76,763 |
|
1,4824 |
76,802 |
|
1,4825 |
76,841 |
|
1,4826 |
76,880 |
|
1,4827 |
76,919 |
|
1,4828 |
76,958 |
|
1,4829 |
76,997 |
|
1,4830 |
77,036 |
|
1,4831 |
77,075 |
|
1,4832 |
77,113 |
|
1,4833 |
77,152 |
|
1,4834 |
77,191 |
|
1,4835 |
77,230 |
|
1&xxxx;4336 |
77269 |
|
1,4837 |
77,308 |
|
1,4838 |
77,347 |
|
1,4839 |
77,386 |
|
1,4840 |
77,425 |
|
1,4841 |
77,463 |
|
1,4842 |
77,502 |
|
1,4843 |
77,541 |
|
1,4844 |
77,580 |
|
1,4845 |
77,619 |
|
1,4846 |
77,657 |
|
1,4847 |
77,696 |
|
1,4848 |
77,735 |
|
1,4849 |
77,774 |
|
1,4850 |
77,812 |
|
1,4851 |
77,851 |
|
1,4852 |
77,890 |
|
1,4853 |
77,928 |
|
1,4854 |
77,967 |
|
1,4855 |
78,006 |
|
1,4856 |
78,045 |
|
1,4857 |
78,083 |
|
1,4858 |
78,122 |
|
1,4859 |
78,160 |
|
1,4860 |
78,199 |
|
1,4861 |
78,238 |
|
1,4862 |
78,276 |
|
1,4863 |
78,315 |
|
1,4864 |
78,353 |
|
1,4865 |
78,392 |
|
1,4866 |
78,431 |
|
1,4867 |
78,469 |
|
1,4868 |
78,508 |
|
1,4869 |
78,546 |
|
1,4870 |
78,585 |
|
1,4871 |
78,623 |
|
1,4872 |
78,662 |
|
1,4873 |
78,700 |
|
1,4874 |
78,739 |
|
1,4875 |
78,777 |
|
1,4876 |
78,816 |
|
1,4877 |
78,854 |
|
1,4878 |
78,892 |
|
1,4879 |
78,931 |
|
1,4880 |
78,969 |
|
1,4881 |
79,008 |
|
1,4882 |
79,046 |
|
1,4883 |
79,084 |
|
1,4884 |
79,123 |
|
1,4885 |
79,161 |
|
1,4886 |
79,199 |
|
1,4887 |
79,238 |
|
1,4888 |
79,276 |
|
1,4889 |
79,314 |
|
1,4890 |
79,353 |
|
1,4891 |
79,391 |
|
1,4892 |
79,429 |
|
1,4893 |
79,468 |
|
1,4894 |
79,506 |
|
1,4895 |
79,544 |
|
1,4896 |
79,582 |
|
1,4897 |
79,620 |
|
1,4898 |
79,659 |
|
1,4899 |
79,697 |
|
1,4900 |
79,735 |
|
1,4901 |
79,773 |
|
1,4902 |
79,811 |
|
1,4903 |
79,850 |
|
1,4904 |
79,888 |
|
1,4905 |
79,926 |
|
1,4906 |
79,964 |
|
1,4907 |
80,002 |
|
1,4908 |
80,040 |
|
1,4909 |
80,078 |
|
1,4910 |
80,116 |
|
1,4911 |
80,154 |
|
1,4912 |
80,192 |
|
1,4913 |
80,231 |
|
1,4914 |
80,269 |
|
1,4915 |
80,307 |
|
1,4916 |
80,345 |
|
1,4917 |
80,383 |
|
1,4918 |
80,421 |
|
1,4919 |
80,459 |
|
1,4920 |
80,497 |
|
1,4921 |
80,534 |
|
1,4922 |
80,572 |
|
1,4923 |
80,610 |
|
1,4924 |
80,648 |
|
1,4925 |
80,686 |
|
1,4926 |
80,724 |
|
1,4927 |
80,762 |
|
1,4928 |
80,800 |
|
1,4929 |
80,838 |
|
1,4930 |
80,876 |
|
1,4931 |
80,913 |
|
1,4932 |
80,951 |
|
1,4933 |
80,989 |
|
1,4934 |
81,027 |
|
1,4935 |
81,065 |
|
1,4936 |
81,103 |
|
1,4937 |
81,140 |
|
1,4938 |
81,178 |
|
1,4939 |
81,216 |
|
1,4940 |
81,254 |
|
1,4941 |
81,291 |
|
1,4942 |
81,329 |
|
1,4943 |
81,367 |
|
1,4944 |
81,405 |
|
1,4945 |
81,442 |
|
1,4946 |
81,480 |
|
1,4947 |
81,518 |
|
1,4948 |
81,555 |
|
1,4949 |
81,593 |
|
1,4950 |
81,631 |
|
1,4951 |
81,668 |
|
1,4952 |
81,706 |
|
1,4953 |
81,744 |
|
1,4954 |
81,781 |
|
1,4955 |
81,819 |
|
1,4956 |
81,856 |
|
1,4957 |
81,894 |
|
1,4958 |
81,932 |
|
1,4959 |
81,969 |
|
1,4960 |
82,007 |
|
1,4961 |
82,044 |
|
1,4962 |
82,082 |
|
1,4963 |
82,119 |
|
1,4964 |
82,157 |
|
1,4965 |
82,194 |
|
1,4966 |
82,232 |
|
1,4967 |
82,269 |
|
1,4968 |
82,307 |
|
1,4969 |
82,344 |
|
1,4970 |
82,381 |
|
1,4971 |
82,419 |
|
1,4972 |
82,456 |
|
1,4973 |
82,494 |
|
1,4974 |
87,531 |
|
1,4975 |
82,569 |
|
1,9976 |
82,606 |
|
1,4977 |
82,643 |
|
1,4978 |
82,681 |
|
1,4979 |
82,718 |
|
1,4980 |
82,755 |
|
1,4981 |
82,793 |
|
1,4982 |
82,830 |
|
1,4983 |
82,867 |
|
1,4984 |
82,905 |
|
1,4985 |
82,942 |
|
1,4986 |
82,979 |
|
1,4987 |
83,016 |
|
1,4988 |
83,054 |
|
1,4989 |
83,091 |
|
14990 |
83,128 |
|
1,4991 |
83,165 |
|
1,4992 |
83,202 |
|
1,4993 |
83,240 |
|
1,4994 |
83,277 |
|
1,4995 |
83,314 |
|
1,4996 |
83,351 |
|
1,4997 |
83,388 |
|
1,4998 |
83,425 |
|
14999 |
83,463 |
|
1,5000 |
83,500 |
|
1,5001 |
83,537 |
|
1,5002 |
83,574 |
|
1,5003 |
83,611 |
|
1,5004 |
83,648 |
|
1,5005 |
83,685 |
|
1,5006 |
83,722 |
|
1,5007 |
83,759 |
|
1,5008 |
83,796 |
|
1,5009 |
83,833 |
|
1,5010 |
83,870 |
|
1,5011 |
83,907 |
|
1,5012 |
83,944 |
|
1,5013 |
83,981 |
|
1,5014 |
84,018 |
|
1,5015 |
84,055 |
|
1,5016 |
84,092 |
|
1,5017 |
84,129 |
|
1,5018 |
84,166 |
|
1,5019 |
84,203 |
|
1,5020 |
84,240 |
|
1,5021 |
84,277 |
|
1,5022 |
84,314 |
|
1,5023 |
84,351 |
|
1,5024 |
84,388 |
|
1,5025 |
84,424 |
|
1,5026 |
84,461 |
|
1,5027 |
84,498 |
|
1,5028 |
84,535 |
|
1,5029 |
84,572 |
|
1,5030 |
84,609 |
|
1,5031 |
84,645 |
|
1&xxxx;5032 |
84,682 |
|
1,5033 |
84,719 |
|
1,5034 |
84,756 |
|
1,5035 |
84,792 |
|
1,5036 |
84,829 |
|
1,5037 |
84,866 |
|
1,5038 |
84,903 |
|
1,5039 |
84,939 |
|
1,5040 |
84,976 |
|
1,5041 |
85,013 |
|
1,5042 |
85,049 |
|
1,5043 |
85,086 |
|
1,5044 |
85,123 |
|
1,5045 |
85,159 |
|
1,5046 |
85,196 |
|
1,5047 |
85,233 |
|
1,5048 |
85,269 |
|
1,5049 |
85,306 |
|
1,5050 |
85,343 |
|
1,5051 |
85,379 |
|
1,5052 |
85,416 |
|
1,5053 |
85,452 |
|
1,5054 |
85,489 |
|
1,5055 |
85,525 |
|
1,5056 |
85,562 |
|
1,5057 |
85,598 |
|
1,5058 |
85,635 |
|
1,5059 |
85,672 |
|
1,5060 |
85,708 |
|
1,5061 |
85,744 |
|
1,5062 |
85,781 |
|
1,5063 |
85,817 |
|
1,5064 |
85,854 |
|
1,5065 |
85,890 |
|
1,5066 |
85,927 |
|
1,5067 |
85,963 |
|
1,5068 |
86,000 |
|
1,5069 |
86,036 |
|
1,5070 |
86,072 |
|
1,5071 |
86,109 |
|
1,5072 |
86,145 |
|
1,5073 |
86,182 |
|
1,5074 |
86,218 |
|
1,5075 |
86,254 |
|
1,5076 |
86,291 |
|
1,5077 |
86,327 |
|
1,5078 |
86,363 |
|
1,5079 |
86,399 |
[1] Xxxxxxx x x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, jejímž xxxxxxx pro ICUMSA xx X. Xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x výpočty xxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxx G. Xxxxxxxxxxx x USDA x xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxx J. 33, 15-22 (xxxxxx 1970). Xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxxx X xxxx Xx. Brix (xxxxxxxx hmotnostní xxxxxxxxx) xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx 760 torrů (xx Hg) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxx tabulka xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (47&xxxx;012, xxxxxx 11) xxxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxxx. Xxxxx X. 39, 22 (1937).
XXXXXX 4
STANOVENÍ REDUKUJÍCÍCH XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX CUKRY
(Metoda podle xxxxxx Berlin Institut)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx v xxxxx xxxxxxxxx
2. Definice
„Redukující xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx“: obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Roztok xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx redukci xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx XX. Xxxxxxx oxid xxxxx se xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx roztokem xxxx (se xxxxxx xxxxxx), xxxxx přebytek xx stanoví xxxxxxx xxxxxxx odměrným xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xx xxxxxx xxxxxx).
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx Xx XX (Mullerův xxxxxx)
4.1.1 Xx 400 ml xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 35 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pentahydrátu (XxXX4 5H2O) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.2 X 500 xx xxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx 173 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxx xxx, XXxX4X4X6,4X2X) a 68 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx se vychladnout.
4.1.3 Xxx xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) se xxxxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx xx xxxxx xx 1 xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx 2 x xxxxxxxxx uhlí xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx několik xxxxx xxxx x xxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx papírový xxxx xxxxxxxxxx filtr.
Pokud xx v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx množství xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, roztok 5 mol/l.
4.3 Roztok xxxx, 0,01665 mol/l (0,0333X; 4,2258 x/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx thiosíranu xxxxxxx, xxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx škrobu: do xxxxx xxxxxx vody xx přilije xxxx 5 g xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx 30 xx xxxx, xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. V případě xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 10 xx jodidu xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx baňka, 300 xx; xxxxxx xxxxxx x pipety.
5.2 Xxxxx lázeň, xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Do 300 xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx část xxxxxx (10 x xxxx xxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx 30 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx 100 xx vody.
Do xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx odpipetuje 10 ml xxxxxxx Xx II (4.1), xxxxx se krouživým xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx se xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.2) xx xxxx přesně 10 xxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx 20 xx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx vodní xxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxx proudem xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx nesmí xxxxxxxxxxx, xxx nedošlo x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx kyslíkem.
Bez xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx pipetou xxxxx 5 xx xxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx (4.2) o xxxxxxxxxxx 5 mol/l x xxxxx poté se xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx (20 xx 40 xx) roztoku xxxx (4.3) x koncentraci 0,016 65 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.4) x koncentraci 0,0333 mol/l xxx xxxxxxx roztoku škrobu (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2 X xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxx při xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx Cu XX (4.4). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xx.
6.3 X cukerným xxxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx stát při xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 10 xxxxx, xxx xxxxx dojít x xxxxxx jiných, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx siřičitý.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup výpočtu
Objem xxxxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxx xx rovná xxxxxx (xx) přebytku přidaného xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 xxx/x) xxxxx xxxxx (ml) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (0,0333 xxx/x) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx jódu (0,016 65 mol/l) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx:
7.1.1 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxx (6.2),
7.1.2 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx za xxxxxx (6.3),
7.1.3 xxxxxx 2,0 xx xx xxxxxxx 10 g xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx alikvotním podílu xxxx úměrného xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx-xx xxxxxx méně xxx 10 g xxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx).
Xx provedení xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx spotřeba 1 ml jodového xxxxxxx (4.3) 1 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxx podle xxxxxx:
xxx:
X1 = počet ml xxxxxxxx roztoku (4.3) xx xxxxxxx,
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 g xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 5
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Knighta x Xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast použití
Metoda xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x cukru xxxx x cukru bílém,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx cukry xxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx Xx XX, xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx pak stanoví xxxxxxx titrací s xxxxxxxx EDTA.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Kyselina xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxxx sůl) (EDTA), xxxxxx 0,0025 mol/l: xxxxxxxx xx 0,930 x XXXX ve xxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx litru.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx murexidu: 0,25 x murexidu xx xxxxx xx 50 xx xxxx a xxxxxx xx x 20 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,2 x/100 ml.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx: x 600 xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 40 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1,0 mol/l xx rozpustí 25 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a 25 x xxxxxx sodnodraselného xxxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx v 100 ml xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 6,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx – xxxxxxxxxxxx (CuSO4 5X2X), xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx: Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx trvanlivost (xxxxx xxxxx).
4.4 Standardní xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx xx xxxxxxxx 23,750 g čisté xxxxxxxxx (4.5) asi xx 120 ml xxxx. Xxxxx xx 9 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (X20 = 1,16) a xxxxx xx stát při xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě po xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx polarimetru xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx použití xxxxxxx x délce 200 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05°X (viz poznámka 8). 200 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx do odměrné xxxxx x objemu 2000 xx, zředí xx xxxxx a xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx k xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zalkalizování xxxxxxx) se přidá 71,4 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (1 xxx/x), xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 4 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, xx. aby xxxxxxxxx 1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx; xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxxx kolem 3.
Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx pouze xxxxxxxxxxxxx před xxxxxxxx.
4.5 Xxxxx xxxxxxxxx: vzorek xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx invertního xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,001 g/100 x.
5. Přístroje a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxx 150 x 20 xx.
5.2 Xxxx porcelánová xxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx xxxxxxxx (5.1) xx rozpustí 5 x xxxxxx xxxxx x 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx 2,0 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxx 5 xxxxx x xxxx xx xx xxxxxxx xxxx ochladí.
6.2 Xxxxxx xx xx zkumavky xxxxxxxxxxxxx, s xxxxxxxx xx nejmenšího xxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxx porcelánovou xxxxx (5.2), xxxxxxx se xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.2) x titruje xx roztokem EDTA (4.1). Xxxxxxxx spotřeba x ml xx xxxxxx xxxx V0.
Těsně xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx barva xxxxxxx xxxxx ze zelené xxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx v konečném xxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx na oxid xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx koncentraci xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx bodu xx xxxxx nejrychleji.
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx křivka xx základě přidávání xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx invertního xxxxx (xxxxxxxxx zředěný xxxxxx 4.4) x 5 x čisté xxxxxxxxx (4.5) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx tak, xxx xxxxxxx objem xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx. Titrační xxxxxxxx (xx) xx xxxxxx xx grafu xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx obsahu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x 5 x xxxxxxxxx; xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx 0,001 až 0,019 x xx 100 x invertního xxxxx, xxxx. 100 g xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx odečte xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (x xxxxxxxxxx) odpovídající xxxxxxxx XXXX X0 xx xxx analýze xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx koncentrace xxx 0,017 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 g analyzovaného xxxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx snížit množství xxxxxx x xxxx 6.1, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx do 5 x čistou xxxxxxxxxx (4.5).
7.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň nebo xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx pracovníkem xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší než 0,005 x xx 100 g xxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx hodnoty xx °X na xxxxxxxxxxxxxx úhlové stupně xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x °X xxxx 2,889 (polarimetrická xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx zdroj; xxxxxxxx umístěný x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx udržovat xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 6
STANOVENÍ XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Schoorla)
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx
1.1 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx cukr
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx bílého;
1.2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřeného x xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxx xx sušinu) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx;
1.3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx X-xxxxxxx
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx, X-xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent": obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů vyjádřený xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx cukr, Dglukosa xxxx dextrosový ekvivalent xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx (a x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx vyčeří) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx podmínek x xxxx varu x xxxxxxxx Cu XX, xxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx na Xx X. Přebytek Xx XX xx xxxx xxxxxxx jodometricky.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Carrezův xxxxxx X: 21,95 x xxxxxx zinečnatého xxxxxxxxx, (Xx(XX3XXX)22X2X) xxxx 24 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu, (Zn(CH3COO)2-3H2O) xx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx 3 ml xxxxxx kyseliny octové xxxxxxxx xx vodě x doplní xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx XX: 10,6 x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (X4[Xx(XX)6]-3X2X) xx rozpustí xx xxxx x doplní xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.3 Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx činidlo: xxxxxxxx xx tyto xxxxxxx:
4.3.1 Roztok xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx: 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pentahydrátu (XxXX45X2X) neobsahujícího železo xx rozpustí xx 100 xx xxxx.
4.3.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx: 50 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (X6X8X7-X2X) xx xxxxxxxx v 50 ml vody.
4.3.3 Xxxxxx uhličitanu sodného: 143,8 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx sodného se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx v 300 xx xxxxx xxxx x nechá xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.3.4 X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3.3) v litrové xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pohybem přidává xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.3.2). Xxxxx se xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxx xx přidá xxxxxx xxxxxx měďnatého (4.3.1) a xxxxx xx doplní do 1000 xx. Xxxxxx xx nechá xxxx xxxx xxx, x xxxxxxx potřeby xx xxxxx přefiltruje. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx molarity xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1 (Xx 0,1 xxx/x; Xx2XX3 1 mol/l).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx 5 g rozpustného xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx ve 30 xx xxxx. Xxxxxx se 3 xxxxxx a nechá xx vychladnout; je-li xxxxx, xxxxx xx 10 mg jodidu xxxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.6 Kyselina xxxxxx, 3 xxx/x.
4.7 Roztok xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 30 % (x/X).
4.8 Xxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxx xx vymizení xxxxxx reakce x xxxxxxxx.
4.9 Xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.10 Hydroxid xxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.11 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1&xxxx;&xxxx;&xxxx; xxx/x.
4.12 Xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (m/V) v xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, x xxxxxx 300 xx, se zpětným xxxxxxxxx.
5.2 Stopky.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3):
6.1.1 Xx 25 ml Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx 3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx a 25 xx kyseliny xxxxxx o xxxxxxxxxxx 3 xxx/x (4.6).
Titruje xx roztokem thiosíranu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4) xx xxxxxxx škrobového xxxxxxx (4.5) jako xxxxxxxxxx, který xx xxxxx xx xx xxxxx titrace. Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx o koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x rovna 25 xx, xxxx xxx činidlo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx se 10 xx xxxxxxx xx 100ml xxxxxxx xxxxx x po xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxx.
10 xx takto xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx do Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové x koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) x xxxxxxx xx xx xxxx jedné xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx. Pak xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx na xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx převařenou xxxxx a titruje xxxxxxxx hydroxidu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) musí xxx xxxx 5,5 x 6,5 ml.
6.1.3 10 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1.2) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx chlorovodíkovou, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xx použití fenolftaleinu (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxx titrace xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx ztrátou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xxxx xxx xxxx 6,0 x 7,5 ml.
6.1.4 Xxxxxxx pH Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx 9,3 x 9,4 xxx 20 °X.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxxx se 5 x vzorku s xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx a xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 250 ml xxxxxxxxxx 200 ml xxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx 5 ml Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx I (4.1), xxx xx xxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx XX (4.2). Xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx. Roztok xx doplní xxxxx xx 250 xx x dobře xxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx přefiltruje.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx (6.2.1) xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx se x 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 15 xx 60 mg.
6.3 Xxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xx 300 ml Erlenmeyerovy xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx činidla (4.3), xx xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx odměří 25 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2) a xxxxx se xxx xxxxxx xxxxx (4.8). X baňce (5.1) xx připojí xxxxxx xxxxxxx x aparatura xx ihned xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nad plamen Xxxxxxxxx kahanu. Xxxxx xx x azbestové xxxxx xxxxxxxxx kruhový xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxx xx xxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xx přibližně xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxx 10 minut mírně xxxxx. Pak se xxxxx ochladí xx xxxxxxx xxxx a xx xxxx xxxxxxxx xx titruje xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx:
Xxxxx se 10 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.7), xxxxxxxxxxxxx poté se xxxxx xxxxxxx (x xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx) 25 xx xxxxxxxx sírové x koncentraci 3 xxx/x (4.6). Titruje xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx o koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x (4.4), xxxxx xx roztok xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, pak xx xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.5) x pokračuje xx x xxxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx se slepý xxxxx x 25 xx vody xxxxx 25 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Z níže xxxxxxx tabulky xx xxxxxx (případně xx xxxxxxx interpolací) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v mg, xxxxxxxxxxxx rozdílu mezi xxxxx titračními xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx x ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (m/m) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nebo X-xxxxxxx, vztažených xx xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,2 xx.
8. Poznámka
Před xxxxxxxxxx kyselinou xxxxxxx xx může xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx izopentanolu (4.9), aby se xxxxxxx tvorba xxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxx pro Xxxxxxx – Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
|
0,1 xxx/x Xx2X2X3 |
Xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxx X6X12X6 |
|
|
xx |
xx |
xxxxxx |
|
1 |
2,4 |
|
|
2 |
4,8 |
2,4 |
|
3 |
7,2 |
2,4 |
|
4 |
9,7 |
2,5 |
|
5 |
12,2 |
2,5 |
|
6 |
14,7 |
2,5 |
|
7 |
17,2 |
2,5 |
|
8 |
19,8 |
2,6 |
|
9 |
22,4 |
2,6 |
|
10 |
25,0 |
2,6 |
|
11 |
27,6 |
2,6 |
|
12 |
30,3 |
2,7 |
|
13 |
33,0 |
2,7 |
|
14 |
35,7 |
2,7 |
|
15 |
38,5 |
2,8 |
|
16 |
41,3 |
2,8 |
|
17 |
44,2 |
2,9 |
|
18 |
47,1 |
2,9 |
|
19 |
50,0 |
2,9 |
|
20 |
53,0 |
3,0 |
|
21 |
56,0 |
3,0 |
|
22 |
59,1 |
3,1 |
|
23 |
62,2 |
3,1 |
XXXXXX 7
XXXXXXXXX REDUKUJÍCÍCH XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx podle Lanea x Eynona – xxxxxxxxxx s konstantním xxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx cukr
- x xxxxxxx cukru,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx bílém,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx bílého.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyjádřené xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx": obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx xx titruje xx xxxx varu xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Roztok A:
69,3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx se xx 1000 xx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx tetrahydrátu (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) x 100 x hydroxidu sodného xx xxxxxxxx ve xxxx a xxxxxx xx 1000 xx. Xxxx roztok se xxxxxx dekantací xx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxx někdy xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx roztoky xx xxxxx skladovat v xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.2 Roztok xxxxxxxxx sodného, 1 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx roztok xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxx xx 120 xx xxxx xx 250xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňce, přidá xx 9 ml xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové (xxxxxxx 1,16 x/xx) x xxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 250 xx a xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 200 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05 °X (viz xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx tohoto roztoku xx xxxxxxxxxx xx 2000xxxxxxxxxxx odměrné xxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxx x xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) xx xxxxx 71,4 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 xxx/x (4.2), ve xxxxxx xxxx rozpuštěny 4 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, xxx výsledný xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 1 x xxxxxxxxxx cukru xx 100 xx. Xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxx xx být přibližně xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx roztok xx xx měl ředit xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx přípravě xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,25 x/100 xx se 250xx xxxxxxx xxxxx naplní xx rysku xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x koncentraci 1 x/100 xx xxx 20 °X. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 1000 xx odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxx 20 °X xx rysku xxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx methylenové xxxxx, 1 g/100 ml.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx baňky x xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx 500 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx 50 ml, xxxxxx xx 0,05 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx 20, 25 x 50 ml.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250, 1000 x 2000 ml.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx k xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx za podmínek xxxxxxxxx x bodě 6.1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx změnu x konečném xxxx, xxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx.
5.6 Stopky xxxxxxxxx x přesností xxxxxxx xx 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Stanovení xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 50 ml xxxxxxx X (4.1.2), xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxx 0,25 % (0,25 x/100 xx) standardním xxxxxxxx invertního xxxxx (4.3).
6.1.3 Xx 500 xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) se xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 20 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X a B (6.1.1) a xxxxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx. X xxxxxx xx xx baňky xxxxxx 39 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx promíchá.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx x varu x nechá xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx dalšího xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx dojít k xxxxxxxxx varu.
Na xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxx xxx nebo xxxxx xxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4). Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru x xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2 xx, xxx xx 0,1 xx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx, xx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxx je indikován xxxxxxxxx modrého xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx následkem xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx být xxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxx xx začátku xxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx V0 xx xxxx pohybovat x xxxxxxx 39,0 xx 41,0 xx. Xx-xx xxxxxxx X0 mimo xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx koncentrace xxxx ve Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x stanovení titru xx opakuje.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xx pohybovat x xxxxxxx 250 až 400 mg xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx.
6.3 Orientační xxxxxxx
6.3.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx zkoušku xx xxxxxxxx potřebného xxxxxxxx xxxx x 20 xx směsného roztoku X x X, xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx 75 xx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx podle xxxxxx x bodě 6.1.4, xxxxx xxxxx standardního xxxxxxx invertního cukru xx použije roztok xxxxxx, xx. do xxxxx se byretou xxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx, přidá xx 15 xx xxxx, nechá xx 2 xxxxxx povařit x xxxxxx se xxx xxxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxx konečného xxxx, jak je xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.1.5.
6.3.2 Xxxxx po xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, je použitý xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx. X tomto xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x nižší koncentrací xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xx-xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx zbarvení xxxxxxxxx více než 50 xx roztoku xxxxxx, xxxx se xxxxxx roztok xxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxx xx xx xxxxxx, xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku (20 xx) x xxxxxx xxxxxxx vzorku xx 75 xx.
6.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.4.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xx odpipetuje 20 xx směsného Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku x xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx bodu 6.3.
6.4.2 X xxxxxx xx xxxxxx roztok vzorku x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx bodu 6.3, xxxxxxxx x 1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxx předchozího kroku (6.3). Konečného bodu xxxxxxx musí xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx přidání xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xxx konečné titraci xx xxxxx X1.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Vzorec x postup výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
X = koncentrace xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x/100 xx),
X0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xx) xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
X1 = xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx) při xxxxxx analýze (6.4.2),
x = xxxxxxxx faktor xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku; xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx:
|
Xxxxxxxxx (x xx směsi xxxxxxx xx varu) |
Korekční xxxxxx x |
|
0,0 |
1,000 |
|
0,5 |
0,982 |
|
1,0 |
0,971 |
|
1,5 |
0,962 |
|
2,0 |
0,954 |
|
2,5 |
0,946 |
|
3,0 |
0,939 |
|
3,5 |
0,932 |
|
4,0 |
0,926 |
|
4,5 |
0,920 |
|
5,0 |
0,915 |
|
5,5 |
0,910 |
|
6,0 |
0,904 |
|
6,5 |
0,898 |
|
7,0 |
0,893 |
|
7,5 |
0,888 |
|
8,0 |
0,883 |
|
8,5 |
0,878 |
|
9,0 |
0,874 |
|
9,5 |
0,869 |
|
10,0 |
0,864 |
Xxxxxxx xxx xxxx množství sacharosy x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx mohou xxxxxxxxx x tabulkových xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxxxx koncentrace xxxxxxxxx se xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx látek x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x rovná 1,0) xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx na xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxx 3 tohoto xxxxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx za sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx ve °X xx polarimetrické xxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxx xxxxxxx udaná x jednotkách °S xxxx xxxxxxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx výbojka xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; přístroj xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 8
XXXXXXXXX DEXTROSOVÉHO XXXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx a Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx použití
Tato xxxxxx xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
2.1 "Redukční síla": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) a xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx vzorku.
2.2 "Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": redukční xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušiny xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx bodu xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Fehlingův xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx X:
Xx xxxx se rozpustí 69,3 x síranu xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) x x xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 1000 xx xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
Xx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) a 100 x hydroxidu xxxxxxx a x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 xx xxxxxx xxxxx po xxxxx. Čirý xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx roztoky (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxxxxxxx směsného Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxx kádinky xx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx roztoku B (4.1.2) x xxxx 50 xx roztoku X (4.1.1) a xxxxx xx promíchají.
Poznámka:
Směsný Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxx každý xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (6.1).
4.2 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) (X6X12X6)
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx je xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx 4 xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx teplotě 100 ± 1 °X xxxx xxxxx x xxx xxxxx asi 10 xXx (103 xxxx).
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, 0,600 x/100 xx
X xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 mg se xxxxxx 0,6 x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.2), xxxxxxxx xx xx xxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxx převede xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.4), doplní xxxxx po rysku x promíchá.
Tento roztok xx xxxxx připravit xxxxxxx na xxxxx xxx, kdy xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 x/100 xx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx xx 0,1 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx vody.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx s úzkým xxxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx 50 xx, s xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x dělená xx 0,05 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx s xxxxxxx 25 xx x 50 ml.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 100 x 500 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x ohřevu, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx varu x souladu s xxxxxxxxxx popsanými x xxxx 6.1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) ze zdroje xxxxx (viz xxx 6.1 poznámka 3).
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx odpipetuje 25 xx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.1.3).
6.1.2 Byreta (5.2) xx naplní standardním xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx nulovou xxxxx.
6.1.3 Do xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18 ml xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy (4.3) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx na zařízení x xxxxxx (5.5), xxxxxx nastavené tak, xxx var xxxxxx xx 120 ± 15 xxxxxx.
X xxxxx xxxxxxx titrace xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx k xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx poznámka 1).
6.1.5 Xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxx vařit, xxxxxx xx xxxxxx od xxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxx 120 xxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx).
Xx xxxxx xx xxxxx 1 xx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx modři (4.4).
6.1.7 Xx 120 sekundách (xxxxx stopek) xx xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxx (6.1.2) xx varné xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztok xxxxxxxx xx 0,5ml xxxxxxx, xxxxx xx methylenová xxxx xxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 2 x 3).
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx přidaného xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx předposlední 0,5xx dávky.
6.1.8 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.1 x 6.1.2 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.9 X xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxx (X 0,3) ml xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.1.10 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.4, 6.1.5 x 6.1.6 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.11 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx z xxxxxx xx varné xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2xx dávkách x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx, dokud xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
Xx konci xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx xxxx xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 10 xx 15 xxxxxx.
Xxxx přidávání xxxx xxx provedeno xxxxx 60 sekund x celková xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx 180 xxxxxx.
X xxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx provést xxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx větší, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx dávkou xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.1.9).
6.1.12 Zaznamená xx xxxxxxx spotřeba (V0 xx) standardního xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 4).
6.1.13 Xxxxxxx X0 musí xxx x xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3).
Pokud se xxxxxxx V0 nachází xxxx toto xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.14 Vzhledem x xxxx, že xxxxxxx X0 xx xxxxxx xxxxx, xx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx jednu titraci x počátečním přídavkem xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy X0 – 0,5.
Xxxxxxxx 1:
Xxxxx je xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, vyvíjení páry xx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx během xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx a x xx xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx vzduchu xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx opětovné xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 2:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx pozorovatelné x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx titrační xxxxx x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xx. v xxxxxxx, xxxxx x xxxxxxxx neobsahují sražený xxxxxxx xxxx měďnatý. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Je xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxx baňkou.
Poznámka 3:
Byreta xx xxxx být xxxxx stanovení xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 4:
Xxxxxxxx x xxxx, že xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx vlastní xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxx xxxxxxx musí xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx X0 (7.1).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx hodnota xxxxxxxx xxxx (2.1) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxx xx získala xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, x mohla tak xxx vypočtena xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (6.3).
Tato xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx:
6.2.2 Xxxxxxxx xx X % (x/X) xxxxxx xxxxxx, "X" xx xxxxxxxxxx hodnotu.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.2 x použitím xxxxxxx xxxxxx (6.2.2) namísto xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.2.4 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.2.5 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x xxxx 6.1.3 x xxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18,0 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.2.7 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx k xxxx. Xxxxx se 1 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.2.8 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx var, xxxxxx xx stopky (5.6) xx nuly a xxxxx přidávání xxxxxxx xxxxxx x byrety xx baňky po 1,0 ml dávkách x odstupem xxx 10 sekund, a xx xx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx spotřeba xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5 xx xxxxx.
6.2.9 Hodnota "X" xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx. Xxxxx x xxxx xxxxx, xx xxxxx zvýšit xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.10 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxxx dána xxxxxxx (x %):
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx se xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx), xxxxx xxxxxxxx 2,85 xx 3,15 x xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx bezvodá xxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxx). Xxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx (2.1), xxxx xxxxxxxxx hodnota xxxxxxx v xxxx 6.2.10.
6.4 Zkušební xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx se x xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxx xx vodě x xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxxxxxx
6.5.1 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.5.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.4) a xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx na xxxx.
6.5.3 X byrety xx xx xxxxx xxxxx napustí 18,5 xx xxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx. Vířením se xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.5.5 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x bodě 6.1.5.
6.5.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.6.
6.5.7 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.7, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.8 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.8.
6.5.9 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx v xxxx 6.1.9, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.10 Postupuje xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.10.
6.5.11 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.11, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.5.12 Xxxxxxxxx xx objem (X1) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx při xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.13 Hodnota X1 xxxx xxx x xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx zkušebního xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx hodnota X1 xxxxxxx mimo xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx koncentrace xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x kroky 6.5.1 až 6.5.12 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.14 Xxxxxxxx xx xxx stanovení x xxxxxxxx téhož xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.6 Xxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx metody 2 xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
7.1.1 Xxxxxxxx síla
Redukční síla xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx připraveného xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx
X0 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx (4.3) xxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxxxxxxxxx titraci (6.1),
X1 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxx roztoku (6.4) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při titraci x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (6.5),
X = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x) (6.3) xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
7.1.2 Dextrosový xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent vypočtený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx:
xxx
XX = redukční síla xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx připraveného vzorku (7.1.1),
X = obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxxxxxx hmotnostních.
7.1.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx aritmetický xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx, xx je xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx kladený xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (7.2).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
METODA 9
XXXXXXXXX SÍRANOVÉHO XXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- v sušeném xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Definice
"Obsah xxxxxxxxxx popela": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 525 °X xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx sírové xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, zředěný xxxxxx: xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 100 xx koncentrované kyseliny xxxxxx (xxxxxxx xxx 20 °X = 1,84 x/xx; 96 % x/x) do 300 xx vody xx současného xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 525 ± 25 °X.
5.2 Analytické xxxx, xxxxxx x přesností xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx čerstvě xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vysoušedlo s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti.
6. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxx se x exsikátoru vychladnout x zváží xx. Xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (xx 0,1 xx) xxxxxx 5 x škrobového xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx škrobového xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
Přidá xx 5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.1) (viz xxxxxxxx 8.1) x xxxxxx xx v xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Zuhelnatění, xxxxx xxxxx odhořívají xxxxxx xx vzorku (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.2), se xxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx (5.1), předehřáté xx 525 ± 25 °C, a xxxxxxx xx x xx, xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx popel. Xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxx (viz poznámka 8.3).
Xxxxxx se xxxxx xxx 30 xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (5.4) a poté xx xxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vyjádřený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx:
xxx
x1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x0 = hmotnost xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek nesmí xxx větší xxx 2,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
8.1 Xxxxxxxx sírová xx xxxxxxx po xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxxxxxx přílišnému xxxxxx.
8.2 Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxx xxxxxxx ke xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx bobtnání xxxxxx.
8.3 Xxxxx je xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (tj. xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx), xxxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx vyjmout, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx několika xxxxxxx xxxx x xxxx xxxxxx do pece.
METODA 10
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x oblast použití
Metoda xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx bílém.
2. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx rozumí xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 26 g xxxxx xx 100 xx, xxxxx je xxxxxxx x trubici o xxxxx 200 xx, xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Polarizace xx stanoví xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx: xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx olovnatého.
Do xxx 1000 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx 560 x suchého xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx olovnatého. Směs xx 30 xxxxx xxxx x xxxx xx nechá stát xxxx noc.
Tekutý xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxx roztok o xxxxxxx 1,25 g/ml (xxx 20 °X).
Xxxxx xxxxxx xx třeba xxxxxxx xxxx přístupem xxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxx
5. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 26 x xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx polarimetr
Tento xxxxxxxx musí xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx které je xxxxx xxxxxxxx teplotu xxxxx 20 °X. Xxxxxxxx xx okalibruje xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.2 Světelný zdroj xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx polarimetrické xxxxxxx o délce 200 xx x xxxxxxxxx ± 0,02 xx.
5.4 Analytické xxxx, xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 mg.
5.5 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 100 ml se xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 100,00 ± 0,01 ml xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx korekcí na 100 xx.
5.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx na 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxx roztoku
Co xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx 26 ± 0,002 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx převede xx odměrné baňky x objemu 100 xx (5.5) obsahující xxx 60 ml xxxx.
Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, nikoli xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xx 0,5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.1).
Xxxxxx se míchá xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx baňky xx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx 10 xx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx umístí xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.6) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 20 ± 0,1 °X a xxxxxxx xx xxx xxx xxxxxx, dokud se xxxxxxx cukerného roztoku xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx povrchu xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.2).
Roztok xx xxxxxx vodou po xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx trojnásobným xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxx xxxxx stát.
6.2 Stanovení xxxxxxxxxx
Xx dobu xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx úkonů xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6.2.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx papír. Xxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxxx se nepoužije. Xxxx xx xx xxxxxxx 50 ml xxxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx k xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
6.2.4 Trubice se xxx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X xxxxxxx naplní xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx.
Xxx zasouvání xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx odstraní xxxxxxx vzduchové xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.5 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx x přesností xx 0,05°S xxxx 0,02 xxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xx zopakuje xxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x postup výpočtu
Výsledky xxxx xxxxxxxxx ve xxxxxxxx X x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1°X. Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx na stupně X xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
X = xxxxxx xxxxxx × 2,889
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň nebo xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx větší xxx 0,1°X, xxxxxxx výsledek xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx z xxxx xxxxxx.