Xxxxx směrnice Komise
ze xxx 26. července 1979,
xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx spotřebě
(79/796/EHS)
KOMISE XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX,
x ohledem xx Xxxxxxx x založení Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx,
x xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxx Xxxx 73/437/XXX xx xxx 11. xxxxxxxx 1973 x sbližování xxxxxxxx předpisů xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx určených x lidské spotřebě [1], x zejména xx xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, že xxxxxx 11 uvedené xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx k xxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx počáteční xxxx xxxxx, jejichž xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, že x xxxxxxx směrnice 73/437/XXX xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxxx u xxxxx xxxx bílého cukru x cukru xxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx konduktometricky x xxxxx extra xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru x xxxxxx z invertního xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx cukru xxxxx xxxxxx a tekutého xxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx by na xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ponechat xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (xxxxxx 7 a 8 x xxxxxxx XX x. XXX.3 a XXX.4) xxxxx metody xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx (xxxxxx 6 x xxxxxxx XX x. III.3 a XXX.4);
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx v této xxxxxxxx jsou x xxxxxxx xx stanoviskem Xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx,
XXXXXXX XXXX SMĚRNICI:
Článek 1
1. Členské xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x příloze I xxxx být xxxxxxxxx xxxxx metod xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx XX xxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx Luffa x Schoorla (xxxxxxx XX, xxxxxx 6) xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx invertním cukru,
- x sirupu x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x dextrose xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x předchozím xxxxxxx xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (xxxxxxx XX, xxxxxx 7 xxxx 8).
3. Xxxxx xxxxxxx stát využije xxxxxxx xxxxx uvedenou x xxxx. 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, neprodleně x tom uvědomí Xxxxxx a ostatní xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxx 2
Členské xxxxx xxxxxx x účinnost xxxxxx a xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx pro xxxxxxxx souladu s xxxxx směrnicí xx 18 xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxx směrnice. Xxxxxxxxxx x nich xxxxxxx Komisi.
Xxxxxx 3
Xxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
V Xxxxxxx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979.
Za Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
xxxx Komise
[1] Xx. xxxx. X 356, 27.12.1973, x. 71.
PŘÍLOHA I
ROZSAH POUŽITÍ XXXXXXXXXXXX METOD SPOLEČENSTVÍ XXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX X XXXXXX XXXXXXXX
PŘÍLOHA XX
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX X XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXX X LIDSKÉ SPOTŘEBĚ
ÚVOD
1. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx do xxxxxxxxxx xx důkladně xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 200 x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx, xxxxx, xxxxxxxxx nádobky xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx uzávěrem.
2. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
Xxx popisu xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zařízení x xxxxxxxxx, nebo těch xxxxxxxxx, které xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx požadavkům.
Pokud xx zmiňována xxxx, xxxxxx xx destilovaná xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx s alespoň xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx jinak.
Pokud xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx x xxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx není xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx výsledky xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx číslic x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx je určen xxxxxxxxx metody.
METODA 1
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxx v xxxxx xxxxx,
- x cukru xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Definice
"Ztráta xxxxxxxxx sušením": hodnota xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx teplotě 103 ± 2 °X.
4. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx 0,1 xx.
4.2 Xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °C.
4.3 Xxxxxx váženka x xxxxxxx dnem, xxxxxx xxxx působení xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 xx x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 30 xx.
4.4 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx nebo x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti.
5. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxx popsané v xxxxxx 5.3 až 5.7 musí xxx xxxxxxxxx okamžitě po xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.1 Miska (4.3) xx vysuší do xxxxxxxxxx hmotnosti v xxxxxxx (4.2) xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
5.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) vychladnout xxxxxxx po xxxx 30 až 35 xxxxx a xxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xx misky xx naváží přibližně 20 xx 30 x xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
5.4 Xxxxx se xxxxx do sušárny (4.2) o xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X, xxx xx xxxxxxx 3 xxxxxx.
5.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x exsikátoru (4.4) x xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 mg.
5.6 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xx 30 xxxxx do xxxxxxx x teplotě 103 ± 2 °X.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxx větší xxx 1 xx, postup xx xxxxxxx. Dojde-li xx zvýšení xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx k xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zaznamenaná xxxxxxx.
5.7 Celkový xxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxx.
6. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx dána xxxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 xx xxxxxxxxx hmotnost xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x1 xx xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx (g).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení provedených xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 2
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx sušárně
1. Předmět x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke stanovení xxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx při xxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X xx xxxxxxx sušárně při xxxxx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxxxxxx vzorky škrobového xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxx sušením upraví xxxxxxxxx s xxxxx x x křemelinou.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Křemelina: xxxxxxxx se v Xüxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx opakovaným xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx kyselinou xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (1 ml xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 1,19 x/xx xx litr xxxx xxx 20 °X), xxxxx filtrát xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx kyselou xxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxx promývá xxxxx tak xxxxxx, xxxxx hodnota pH xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx 4; xxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxxxxx xxx 103 ± 2 °X x xxxxx se xx vzduchotěsného xxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx termostatem, vybavená xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx být xxxxxxxxxxxx tak, aby xxx zajištěn xxxxxx xxxxxxx tepla xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
5.2 Aparatura k xxxxxxxxx vzduchu xxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx čerstvě xxxxxxxxxxx silikagelem nebo xxxxxxxxxxx vysoušedlem, x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxx kolona obsahující xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx sírovou xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x pračkou xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx na vstup xxxxxxx do xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x sušárně xxxx 3,3 kPa (34 xxxx) xxxx xxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxx váženka x xxxxxxx xxxx odolná xxxx působení xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx zkoušky x xxxxxxxx nejméně 100 xx a x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 300 mm.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx o xxxxxx xxxxx, xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx zapadnout xx xxxxxxx.
5.6 Exsikátor x xxxxxxx aktivovaným silikagelem xxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x indikátorem xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.7 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Do xxxxxxx (5.4) xx xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou (5.5) xx xxxxxxx přibližně 30 x xxxxxxxxx (4.1), vše xxxxx xx xx sušárny (5.1) s xxxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X a tlak xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx).
Xxxx xx xxx dobu nejméně 5 xxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxx aparaturu xxx vysoušení xxxxxxx xx sušárny xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx vzduchu. Xxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxx xx upraví.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx přívodu suchého xxxxxxx. Miska x xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx exsikátoru (5.6), xxx xx nechá xxxxxxxxxxx, a xxx xx zváží.
6.3 Xx xxxxxxx o xxxxxx 100 ml xx x přesností xx 1 xx naváží xxxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
6.4 Zkušební xxxxxx xx xxxxx 10 xx teplé xxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx do xxxxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxx se zkušebním xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx na 3,3 xXx (34 mbar). Xxxx xx xxx 70 ± 1 °X, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx nechá xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 20 xxxxx; x největšímu xxxxxx xxxxxxxx má xxxxx xx konci xxxxxxx xxx. Xx xxxxxxxx udržovat vývěvu x chodu při xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxx proudit xx sušárny suchý xxxxxx tak, xxx xx xxxxx noci xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx xxxxx.
6.6 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zvýšením přívodu xxxxxxx vzduchu. Váženka x x obsahem xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx exsikátoru, xxx xx nechá vychladnout, x xxxx se xxxxx x přesností xx 1 xx.
6.7 Xxxxxxx (6.5) xx xxxxxxx po xxxxx 4 xxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx a xxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx x vážením xx xxxxxx, zda xxx xxxx dosaženo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Za konstantní xxxxxxxx xx považuje xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxx xxxxxx xxxx dvěma xxxxxxxx téže misky xxxx větší než 2 xx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx operace 6.7.
6.8 Xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx vzorcích xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nebo x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx není xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 = xx xxxxxxxxx hmotnost xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x1 = xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a zbytkem xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx po xxxxxx (x),
x2 = xx xxxxxxxx váženky x xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,12 x xx 100 x vzorku.
METODA 3
STANOVENÍ XXXXXXX SUŠINY
(Refraktometrická xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx stanoví xxxxx xxxxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x tekutém bílém xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x bílého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx zkušebního xxxxxx xxx 20 °X x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx koncentraci xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx lomu xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx sušiny.
4. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx teploměrem x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx propojeným s xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,5 °X.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx sestávající xx sodíkové výbojky.
5. Xxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxx xx vzorku xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x).
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.1) xx xxxxx index lomu xxxxxx xxx 20 °X.
6. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxx x indexů xxxx xxx roztoky xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se x xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx přičte xx xxxxx 1 % xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,022.
6.2 Xxxxx byl xxxxxx zředěn xxxxx x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x), xxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx dvěma.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx provedených xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx být xxxxx xxx 0,2 g xxxxxx xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxx (x) roztoků xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X [1]
|
x (20 °X) |
Xxxxxxxxx (%) |
|
1,3330 |
0,009 |
|
1,3331 |
0,078 |
|
1,3332 |
0,149 |
|
1,3333 |
0,218 |
|
1,3334 |
0,288 |
|
1,3335 |
0,358 |
|
1,3336 |
0,428 |
|
1,3337 |
0,498 |
|
1,3338 |
0,567 |
|
1,3339 |
0,637 |
|
1,3340 |
0,707 |
|
1,3341 |
0,776 |
|
1,3342 |
0,846 |
|
1,3343 |
0,915 |
|
1,3344 |
0,985 |
|
1,3345 |
1,054 |
|
1,3346 |
1,124 |
|
1,3347 |
1,193 |
|
1,3348 |
1,263 |
|
1,3349 |
1,332 |
|
1,3350 |
1,401 |
|
1,3351 |
1,470 |
|
1,3352 |
1,540 |
|
1,3353 |
1,609 |
|
1,3354 |
1,678 |
|
1,3355 |
1,747 |
|
1,3356 |
1,816 |
|
1,3357 |
1,885 |
|
1,3358 |
1,954 |
|
1,3359 |
2,023 |
|
1,3360 |
2,092 |
|
1,3361 |
2,161 |
|
1,3362 |
2,230 |
|
1,3363 |
2,299 |
|
1,3364 |
2,367 |
|
1,3365 |
2,436 |
|
1,3366 |
2,505 |
|
1,3367 |
2,574 |
|
1,3368 |
2,642 |
|
1,3369 |
2,711 |
|
1,3370 |
2,779 |
|
1,3371 |
2,848 |
|
1,3372 |
2,917 |
|
1,3373 |
2,985 |
|
1,3374 |
3,053 |
|
1,3375 |
3,122 |
|
1,3376 |
3,190 |
|
1,3377 |
3,259 |
|
1,3378 |
3,327 |
|
1,3379 |
3,395 |
|
1,3380 |
3,463 |
|
1,3381 |
3,532 |
|
1,3382 |
3,600 |
|
1,3383 |
3,668 |
|
1,3384 |
3,736 |
|
1,3385 |
3,804 |
|
1,3386 |
3,872 |
|
1,3387 |
3,940 |
|
1,3388 |
4,008 |
|
1,3389 |
4,076 |
|
1,3390 |
4,144 |
|
1,3391 |
4,212 |
|
1,3392 |
4,279 |
|
1,3393 |
4,347 |
|
1,3394 |
4,415 |
|
1,3395 |
4,483 |
|
1,3396 |
4,550 |
|
1,3397 |
4,618 |
|
1,3398 |
4,686 |
|
1,3399 |
4,753 |
|
1,3400 |
4,821 |
|
1,3401 |
4,888 |
|
1,3402 |
4,956 |
|
1,3403 |
5,023 |
|
1,3404 |
5,091 |
|
1,3405 |
5,158 |
|
1,3406 |
5,225 |
|
1,3407 |
5,293 |
|
1,3408 |
5,360 |
|
1,3409 |
5,427 |
|
1,3410 |
5,494 |
|
1,3411 |
5,562 |
|
1,3412 |
5,629 |
|
1,3413 |
5,696 |
|
1,3414 |
5,763 |
|
1,3415 |
5,830 |
|
1,3416 |
5,897 |
|
1,3417 |
5,964 |
|
1,3418 |
6,031 |
|
1,3419 |
6,098 |
|
1,3420 |
6,165 |
|
1,3421 |
6,231 |
|
1,3422 |
6,298 |
|
1,3423 |
6,365 |
|
1,3424 |
6,432 |
|
1,3425 |
6,498 |
|
1,3426 |
6,565 |
|
1,3427 |
6,632 |
|
1,3428 |
6,698 |
|
1,3429 |
6,765 |
|
1,3430 |
6,831 |
|
1,3431 |
6,898 |
|
1,3432 |
6,964 |
|
1,3433 |
7,031 |
|
1,3434 |
7,097 |
|
1,3435 |
7,164 |
|
1,3436 |
7,230 |
|
1,3437 |
7,296 |
|
1,3438 |
7,362 |
|
1,3439 |
7,429 |
|
1,3440 |
7,495 |
|
1,3441 |
7,561 |
|
1,3442 |
7,627 |
|
1,3443 |
7,693 |
|
1,3444 |
7,759 |
|
1,3445 |
7,825 |
|
1,3446 |
7,891 |
|
1,3447 |
7,957 |
|
1,3448 |
8,023 |
|
1,3449 |
8,089 |
|
1,3450 |
8,155 |
|
1,3451 |
8,221 |
|
1,3452 |
8,287 |
|
1,3453 |
8,352 |
|
1,3454 |
8,418 |
|
1,3455 |
8,484 |
|
1,3456 |
8,550 |
|
1,3457 |
8,615 |
|
1&xxxx;3458 |
8,681 |
|
1,3459 |
8,746 |
|
1,3460 |
8,812 |
|
1,3461 |
8,878 |
|
1,3462 |
8,943 |
|
1,3463 |
9,008 |
|
1,3464 |
9,074 |
|
1,3465 |
9,139 |
|
1,3466 |
9,205 |
|
1,3467 |
9,270 |
|
1,3468 |
9,335 |
|
1,3469 |
9,400 |
|
1,3470 |
9,466 |
|
1,3471 |
9,531 |
|
1,3472 |
9,596 |
|
1,3473 |
9,661 |
|
1,3474 |
9,726 |
|
1,3475 |
9,791 |
|
1,3476 |
9,856 |
|
1,3477 |
9,921 |
|
1,3478 |
9,986 |
|
1,3479 |
10,051 |
|
1,3480 |
10,116 |
|
1,3481 |
10,181 |
|
1,3482 |
10,246 |
|
1,3483 |
10,311 |
|
1,3484 |
10,375 |
|
1,3485 |
10,440 |
|
1,3486 |
10,505 |
|
1,3487 |
10,570 |
|
1,3488 |
10,634 |
|
1,3489 |
10,699 |
|
1,3490 |
10,763 |
|
1,3491 |
10,828 |
|
1,3492 |
10,892 |
|
1,3493 |
10,957 |
|
1,3494 |
11,021 |
|
1,3495 |
11,086 |
|
1,3496 |
11,150 |
|
1,3497 |
11,215 |
|
1,3498 |
11,279 |
|
1,3499 |
11,343 |
|
1,3500 |
11,407 |
|
1,3501 |
11,472 |
|
1,3502 |
11,536 |
|
1,3503 |
11,600 |
|
1,3504 |
11,664 |
|
1,3505 |
11,728 |
|
1,3506 |
11,792 |
|
1,3507 |
11,856 |
|
1,3508 |
11,920 |
|
1,3509 |
11,984 |
|
1,3510 |
12,048 |
|
1,3511 |
12,112 |
|
1,3512 |
12,176 |
|
1,3513 |
12,240 |
|
1,3514 |
12,304 |
|
1,3515 |
12,368 |
|
1,3516 |
12,431 |
|
1,3517 |
12,495 |
|
1,3518 |
12,559 |
|
1,3519 |
12,623 |
|
1,3520 |
12,686 |
|
1,3521 |
12,750 |
|
1,3522 |
12,813 |
|
1,3523 |
12,877 |
|
1,3524 |
12,940 |
|
1,3525 |
13,004 |
|
1,3526 |
13,067 |
|
1,3527 |
13,131 |
|
1,3528 |
13,194 |
|
1,3529 |
13,258 |
|
1,3530 |
13,321 |
|
1,3531 |
13,384 |
|
1,3532 |
13,448 |
|
1,3533 |
13,511 |
|
1,3534 |
13,574 |
|
1,3535 |
13,637 |
|
1,3536 |
13,700 |
|
1,3537 |
13,763 |
|
1,3538 |
13,826 |
|
1,3539 |
13,890 |
|
1,3540 |
13,953 |
|
1,3541 |
14,016 |
|
1,3542 |
14,079 |
|
1,3543 |
14,141 |
|
1,3544 |
14,204 |
|
1,3545 |
14,267 |
|
1,3546 |
14,330 |
|
1,3547 |
14,393 |
|
1,3548 |
14,456 |
|
1,3549 |
14,518 |
|
1,3550 |
14,581 |
|
1,3551 |
14,644 |
|
1,3552 |
14,707 |
|
1,3553 |
14,769 |
|
1,3554 |
14,832 |
|
1,3555 |
14,894 |
|
1,3556 |
14,957 |
|
1,3557 |
15,019 |
|
1,3558 |
15,082 |
|
1,3559 |
15,144 |
|
1,3560 |
15,207 |
|
1,3561 |
15,269 |
|
1,3562 |
15,332 |
|
1,3563 |
15,394 |
|
1,3564 |
15,456 |
|
1,3565 |
15,518 |
|
1,3566 |
15,581 |
|
1,3567 |
15,643 |
|
1,3568 |
15,705 |
|
1,3569 |
15,767 |
|
1,3570 |
15,829 |
|
1,3571 |
15,891 |
|
1,3572 |
15,953 |
|
1,3573 |
16,016 |
|
1,3574 |
16,078 |
|
1,3575 |
16,140 |
|
1,3576 |
16,201 |
|
1,3577 |
16,263 |
|
1,3578 |
16,325 |
|
1,3579 |
16,387 |
|
1,3580 |
16,449 |
|
1,3581 |
16,511 |
|
1,3582 |
16,573 |
|
1,3583 |
16,634 |
|
1,3584 |
16,696 |
|
1,3585 |
16,758 |
|
1,3586 |
16,819 |
|
1,3587 |
16,881 |
|
1,3588 |
16,943 |
|
1,3389 |
17,004 |
|
1,3590 |
17,066 |
|
1,3591 |
17,127 |
|
1,3592 |
17,189 |
|
1,3593 |
17,250 |
|
1,3594 |
17,311 |
|
1,3595 |
17,373 |
|
1,3596 |
17,434 |
|
1,3597 |
17,496 |
|
1,3598 |
17,557 |
|
1,3599 |
17,618 |
|
1,3600 |
17,679 |
|
1,3601 |
17,741 |
|
1,3602 |
17,802 |
|
1,3603 |
17,863 |
|
1,3604 |
17,924 |
|
1,3605 |
17,985 |
|
1,3606 |
18,046 |
|
1,3607 |
18,107 |
|
1,3608 |
18,168 |
|
1,3609 |
18,229 |
|
1,3610 |
18,290 |
|
1,3610 |
18,351 |
|
1,3611 |
18,412 |
|
1,3613 |
18,473 |
|
1,3614 |
18,534 |
|
1,3615 |
18,595 |
|
1,3616 |
18,655 |
|
1,3617 |
18,716 |
|
1,3618 |
18,777 |
|
1,3619 |
18,837 |
|
1,3620 |
18,898 |
|
1,3621 |
18,959 |
|
1,3622 |
19,019 |
|
1,3623 |
19,080 |
|
1,3624 |
19,141 |
|
1,3625 |
19,201 |
|
1,3626 |
19,262 |
|
1,3627 |
19,322 |
|
1,3628 |
19,382 |
|
1,3629 |
19,443 |
|
1,3630 |
19,503 |
|
1,3631 |
19,564 |
|
1,3632 |
19,624 |
|
1,3633 |
19,684 |
|
1,3634 |
19,745 |
|
1,3635 |
19,805 |
|
1,3636 |
19,865 |
|
1,3637 |
19,925 |
|
1,3638 |
19,985 |
|
1,3639 |
20,045 |
|
1,3640 |
20,106 |
|
1.3641 |
20,166 |
|
1,3642 |
20,226 |
|
1,3643 |
20,286 |
|
1,3644 |
20,346 |
|
1,3645 |
20,406 |
|
1,3646 |
20,466 |
|
1,3647 |
20,525 |
|
1,3648 |
20,585 |
|
1,3649 |
20,645 |
|
1,3650 |
20,705 |
|
1,3651 |
20,765 |
|
1,3652 |
20,825 |
|
1,3653 |
20,884 |
|
1,3654 |
20,944 |
|
1,3655 |
21,004 |
|
1,3656 |
21,063 |
|
1,3657 |
21,123 |
|
1,3658 |
21,183 |
|
1,3659 |
21,242 |
|
1,3660 |
21,302 |
|
1,3661 |
21,361 |
|
1,3662 |
21,421 |
|
1,3563 |
21,480 |
|
1,3664 |
21,540 |
|
1,3665 |
21,599 |
|
1,3666 |
21,658 |
|
1,3667 |
21,718 |
|
1,3668 |
21,777 |
|
1,3669 |
21,836 |
|
1,3670 |
21,896 |
|
1,3671 |
21,955 |
|
1,3672 |
22,014 |
|
1,1673 |
22,073 |
|
1,3674 |
22,132 |
|
1,3675 |
22,192 |
|
1,3676 |
22,251 |
|
1,1677 |
22,310 |
|
1,3678 |
22,369 |
|
1,3679 |
22,428 |
|
1,3680 |
22,487 |
|
1,3681 |
22,546 |
|
1,3682 |
22,605 |
|
1,3683 |
22,664 |
|
1,3684 |
22,723 |
|
1,3685 |
22,781 |
|
1,3686 |
22,840 |
|
1,3687 |
22,899 |
|
1,3688 |
22,958 |
|
1,3689 |
23,017 |
|
1,3690 |
23,075 |
|
1,3691 |
23,134 |
|
1,3692 |
23,193 |
|
1,3693 |
23,251 |
|
1,3694 |
23,310 |
|
1,3695 |
23,369 |
|
1,3696 |
23,427 |
|
1,3697 |
23,486 |
|
1,3698 |
23,544 |
|
1,3699 |
23,603 |
|
1,3700 |
23,661 |
|
1,3701 |
23,720 |
|
1,3702 |
23,778 |
|
1,3703 |
23,836 |
|
1,3704 |
23,895 |
|
1,3705 |
23,953 |
|
1,3706 |
24,011 |
|
1,3707 |
24,070 |
|
1,3708 |
24,128 |
|
1,3709 |
24,186 |
|
1,3710 |
24,244 |
|
1,3711 |
24,302 |
|
1,3712 |
24,361 |
|
1,3713 |
24,419 |
|
1,3714 |
24,477 |
|
1,3715 |
24,535 |
|
1,3716 |
24,593 |
|
1,3717 |
24,651 |
|
1,3718 |
24,709 |
|
1,3719 |
24,767 |
|
1,3720 |
24,825 |
|
1,3721 |
24,883 |
|
1,3722 |
24,941 |
|
1,3723 |
24,998 |
|
1,3724 |
25,056 |
|
1,3725 |
25,114 |
|
1,3726 |
25,172 |
|
1,3727 |
25,230 |
|
1,3728 |
25287 |
|
1,3729 |
25,345 |
|
1,3730 |
25,403 |
|
1,3731 |
25,460 |
|
1,3732 |
25,518 |
|
1,3733 |
25,576 |
|
1,3734 |
25,633 |
|
1,3735 |
25,691 |
|
1,3736 |
25,748 |
|
1,3737 |
25,806 |
|
1,3738 |
25,863 |
|
1,3739 |
25,921 |
|
1,3740 |
25,978 |
|
1,3741 |
26,035 |
|
1,3742 |
26,093 |
|
1,3743 |
26,150 |
|
1,3744 |
26,207 |
|
1,3745 |
26,265 |
|
1,3746 |
26,322 |
|
1,3747 |
26,379 |
|
1,3748 |
26,436 |
|
1,3749 |
26,493 |
|
1,3750 |
26,551 |
|
1,3751 |
26,608 |
|
1,3752 |
26,665 |
|
1,3753 |
26,722 |
|
1,3754 |
26,779 |
|
1,3755 |
26,836 |
|
1,3756 |
26,893 |
|
1,3757 |
26,950 |
|
1,3758 |
27,007 |
|
1,3759 |
27,064 |
|
1,3760 |
27,121 |
|
1,3761 |
27,178 |
|
1,3762 |
27,234 |
|
1,3763 |
27,291 |
|
1,3764 |
27,348 |
|
1,3765 |
27,405 |
|
1,3765 |
27,462 |
|
1,3767 |
27,518 |
|
1,3768 |
27,575 |
|
1,3769 |
27,632 |
|
1,3770 |
27,688 |
|
1,3771 |
27,745 |
|
1,3772 |
27,802 |
|
1,3773 |
27,858 |
|
1,3774 |
27,915 |
|
1,3775 |
27,971 |
|
1,3776 |
28,028 |
|
1,3777 |
28,084 |
|
1,3778 |
28,141 |
|
1,3779 |
28,197 |
|
1,3780 |
28,253 |
|
1,3781 |
28,310 |
|
1,3782 |
28,366 |
|
1,3783 |
28,422 |
|
1,3784 |
28,479 |
|
1,3785 |
28,535 |
|
1,3786 |
28,591 |
|
1,3787 |
28,648 |
|
1,3788 |
28,704 |
|
1,3789 |
28,760 |
|
1,3790 |
28,816 |
|
1,3791 |
28,872 |
|
1,3792 |
28,928 |
|
1,3793 |
28,984 |
|
1,3794 |
29,040 |
|
1,3795 |
29,096 |
|
1,3796 |
29,152 |
|
1,3797 |
29,208 |
|
1,3798 |
29,264 |
|
1,3799 |
29,320 |
|
1,3800 |
29,376 |
|
1,3801 |
29,432 |
|
1,3802 |
29,488 |
|
1,3803 |
29,544 |
|
1,3804 |
29,600 |
|
1,3805 |
29,655 |
|
1,3806 |
29,711 |
|
1,3807 |
29,767 |
|
1,3808 |
29,823 |
|
1,3809 |
29,878 |
|
1,3810 |
29,934 |
|
1,3811 |
29,989 |
|
1,3812 |
30,045 |
|
1,3813 |
30,101 |
|
1,3814 |
30,156 |
|
1,3815 |
30,212 |
|
1,3816 |
30,267 |
|
1,3817 |
30,323 |
|
1,3818 |
30,378 |
|
1,3819 |
30,434 |
|
1,3820 |
30,489 |
|
1,3821 |
30,544 |
|
1,3822 |
30,600 |
|
1,3823 |
30,655 |
|
1,3824 |
30,711 |
|
1,3825 |
30,766 |
|
1,3826 |
30,821 |
|
1,3827 |
30,876 |
|
1,3828 |
30,932 |
|
1,3829 |
30,987 |
|
1,3830 |
31,042 |
|
1,3831 |
31,097 |
|
1,3832 |
31,152 |
|
1,3833 |
31,207 |
|
1,3834 |
31,262 |
|
1,3835 |
31,317 |
|
1,3836 |
31,372 |
|
1,3837 |
31,428 |
|
1,3838 |
31,482 |
|
1,3839 |
31,537 |
|
1,3840 |
31,592 |
|
1,3841 |
31,647 |
|
1,3842 |
31,702 |
|
1,3843 |
31,757 |
|
1,3844 |
31,812 |
|
1,3845 |
31,867 |
|
1,3846 |
31,922 |
|
1,3847 |
31,976 |
|
1,3848 |
32,031 |
|
1,3849 |
32,086 |
|
1,3850 |
32,140 |
|
1,3851 |
32,195 |
|
1,3852 |
32,250 |
|
1,3853 |
32,304 |
|
1,3854 |
32,359 |
|
1,3855 |
32,414 |
|
1,3856 |
32,468 |
|
1,3857 |
32,523 |
|
1,3858 |
32,577 |
|
1,3859 |
32,632 |
|
1,3860 |
32,686 |
|
1,3861 |
32,741 |
|
1,3862 |
32,795 |
|
1,3863 |
32,849 |
|
1,3864 |
32,904 |
|
1,3865 |
32,958 |
|
1,3866 |
33,013 |
|
1,3867 |
33,067 |
|
1,3868 |
33,121 |
|
1,3889 |
33,175 |
|
1,3870 |
33,230 |
|
1,3871 |
33,284 |
|
1,3872 |
33,338 |
|
1,3873 |
33,392 |
|
1,3874 |
33,446 |
|
1,3875 |
33,500 |
|
1,3876 |
33,555 |
|
1,3877 |
33,609 |
|
1,3878 |
33,663 |
|
1,3879 |
33,717 |
|
1,3880 |
33,771 |
|
1,3881 |
33,825 |
|
1,3882 |
33,879 |
|
1,3883 |
33,933 |
|
1,3884 |
33,987 |
|
1,3885 |
34,040 |
|
1,3886 |
34,094 |
|
1,3887 |
34,148 |
|
1,3888 |
34,202 |
|
1,3889 |
34,256 |
|
1,3890 |
34,310 |
|
1,3891 |
34,363 |
|
1,3892 |
34,417 |
|
1,3893 |
34,471 |
|
1,3894 |
34,524 |
|
1,3895 |
34,578 |
|
1,3896 |
34,632 |
|
1,3897 |
34,685 |
|
1,3898 |
34,739 |
|
1,3899 |
34,793 |
|
1,3900 |
34,846 |
|
1,3901 |
34,900 |
|
1,3902 |
34,953 |
|
1,3903 |
35,007 |
|
1,3904 |
35,060 |
|
1,3905 |
35,114 |
|
1,3906 |
35,167 |
|
1,3907 |
35,220 |
|
1,3908 |
35,274 |
|
1,3909 |
35,327 |
|
1,3910 |
35,380 |
|
1,3911 |
35,434 |
|
1,3912 |
35,487 |
|
1,3913 |
35,540 |
|
1,3914 |
35,593 |
|
1,3915 |
35,647 |
|
1,3916 |
35,700 |
|
1,3917 |
35,753 |
|
1,3918 |
35,806 |
|
1,3919 |
35,859 |
|
1,3920 |
35,912 |
|
1,3921 |
35,966 |
|
1,3922 |
36,019 |
|
1,3923 |
36,072 |
|
1,3924 |
36,125 |
|
1,3925 |
36,178 |
|
1,3926 |
36,231 |
|
1,3927 |
36,284 |
|
1,3928 |
36,337 |
|
1,3929 |
36,389 |
|
1,3930 |
36,442 |
|
1,3931 |
36,495 |
|
1,3932 |
36,548 |
|
1,3933 |
36,601 |
|
1,3934 |
36,654 |
|
1,3935 |
36,706 |
|
1,3936 |
36,759 |
|
1,3937 |
36,812 |
|
1,3938 |
36,865 |
|
1,3939 |
36,917 |
|
1,3940 |
36,970 |
|
1,3941 |
37,023 |
|
1,3942 |
37,075 |
|
1,3943 |
37,128 |
|
1,3944 |
37,180 |
|
1,3945 |
37,233 |
|
1,3946 |
37,286 |
|
1,3947 |
37,338 |
|
1,3948 |
37,391 |
|
1,3949 |
37,443 |
|
1,3950 |
37,495 |
|
1,3951 |
37,548 |
|
1,3952 |
37,600 |
|
1,3953 |
37,653 |
|
1,3954 |
37,705 |
|
1,3955 |
37,757 |
|
1,3956 |
37,810 |
|
1,3957 |
37,862 |
|
1,3958 |
37,914 |
|
1,3959 |
37,967 |
|
1,3960 |
38,019 |
|
1,3961 |
38,071 |
|
1,3962 |
38,123 |
|
1,3963 |
38,175 |
|
1,3964 |
38,228 |
|
1,3965 |
38,280 |
|
1,3966 |
38,332 |
|
1,3967 |
38,384 |
|
1,3968 |
38,436 |
|
1,3969 |
38,488 |
|
1,3970 |
38,540 |
|
1,3971 |
38,592 |
|
1,3972 |
38,644 |
|
1,3973 |
38,696 |
|
1,3974 |
38,748 |
|
1,3975 |
38,800 |
|
1,3976 |
38,852 |
|
1,3977 |
38,904 |
|
1,3978 |
38,955 |
|
1,3979 |
39,007 |
|
1,3980 |
39,059 |
|
1,3981 |
39,111 |
|
1,3982 |
39,163 |
|
1,3983 |
39,214 |
|
1,3984 |
39,266 |
|
1,3985 |
39,318 |
|
1,3986 |
39,370 |
|
1,3987 |
39,421 |
|
1,3988 |
39,473 |
|
1,3989 |
39,525 |
|
1,3990 |
39,576 |
|
1,3991 |
39,628 |
|
1,3992 |
39,679 |
|
1,3993 |
39,731 |
|
1,3994 |
39,782 |
|
1,3995 |
39,834 |
|
1,3996 |
39,885 |
|
1,3997 |
39,937 |
|
1,3998 |
39,988 |
|
1,3999 |
40,040 |
|
1,4000 |
40,091 |
|
1,4001 |
40,142 |
|
1,4002 |
40,194 |
|
1,4003 |
40,245 |
|
1,4004 |
40,296 |
|
1,4005 |
40,348 |
|
1,4006 |
40,399 |
|
1,4007 |
40,450 |
|
1,4008 |
40,501 |
|
1,4009 |
40,553 |
|
1,4010 |
40,604 |
|
1,4011 |
40,655 |
|
1,4012 |
40,706 |
|
1,4013 |
40,757 |
|
1,4014 |
40,808 |
|
1,4015 |
40,860 |
|
1,4016 |
40,911 |
|
1,4017 |
40,962 |
|
1,4018 |
41,013 |
|
1,4019 |
41,064 |
|
1,4020 |
41,115 |
|
1,4021 |
41,166 |
|
1,4022 |
41,217 |
|
1,4023 |
41,268 |
|
1,4024 |
41,318 |
|
1,4025 |
41,369 |
|
1,4026 |
41,420 |
|
1,4027 |
41,471 |
|
1,4028 |
41,522 |
|
1,4029 |
41,573 |
|
1,4030 |
41,623 |
|
1,4031 |
41,674 |
|
1,4032 |
41,725 |
|
1,4033 |
41,776 |
|
1,4034 |
41,826 |
|
1,4035 |
41,877 |
|
1,4036 |
41,928 |
|
1,4037 |
41,978 |
|
1,4038 |
42,029 |
|
1,4039 |
42,080 |
|
1,4040 |
42,130 |
|
1,4041 |
42,181 |
|
1,4042 |
42,231 |
|
1,4043 |
42,282 |
|
1,4044 |
42,332 |
|
1,4045 |
42,383 |
|
1,4046 |
42,433 |
|
1,4047 |
42,484 |
|
1,4048 |
42,534 |
|
1,4049 |
42,585 |
|
1,4050 |
42,635 |
|
1,4051 |
42,685 |
|
1,4052 |
42,736 |
|
1,4053 |
42,786 |
|
1,4054 |
42,836 |
|
1,4055 |
42,887 |
|
1,4056 |
42,937 |
|
1,4057 |
42,987 |
|
1,4058 |
43,037 |
|
1,4059 |
43,088 |
|
1,4060 |
43,138 |
|
1,4061 |
43,188 |
|
1,4062 |
43,238 |
|
1,4063 |
43,288 |
|
1,4064 |
43,338 |
|
1,4065 |
43,388 |
|
1,4066 |
43,439 |
|
1,4067 |
43,489 |
|
1,4068 |
43,539 |
|
1,4069 |
43,589 |
|
1,4070 |
43,639 |
|
1,4071 |
43,689 |
|
1,4072 |
43739 |
|
1,4073 |
43,789 |
|
1,4074 |
43,838 |
|
1,4075 |
43,888 |
|
1,4076 |
43,938 |
|
1,4077 |
43,988 |
|
1,4078 |
44,038 |
|
1,4079 |
44,088 |
|
1,4080 |
44,138 |
|
1,4081 |
44,187 |
|
1,4082 |
44,237 |
|
1,4083 |
44,287 |
|
1,4084 |
44,337 |
|
1,4085 |
44,386 |
|
1,4086 |
44,436 |
|
1,4087 |
44,486 |
|
1,4088 |
44,535 |
|
1,4089 |
44,585 |
|
1,4090 |
44,635 |
|
1,4091 |
44,684 |
|
1,4092 |
44,734 |
|
1,4093 |
44,783 |
|
1,4094 |
44,833 |
|
1,4095 |
44,882 |
|
1,4096 |
44,932 |
|
1,4097 |
44,981 |
|
1,4098 |
45,031 |
|
1,4099 |
45,080 |
|
1,4100 |
45,130 |
|
1,4101 |
43,179 |
|
1,4102 |
45,228 |
|
1,4103 |
45,278 |
|
1,4104 |
45,327 |
|
1,4105 |
45,376 |
|
1,4106 |
45,426 |
|
1,4107 |
45,475 |
|
1,4108 |
45,524 |
|
1,4109 |
45,574 |
|
1,4110 |
45,623 |
|
1,4111 |
45,672 |
|
1,4112 |
45,721 |
|
1,4113 |
45,770 |
|
1,4114 |
45,820 |
|
1,4115 |
45,869 |
|
1,4116 |
45,918 |
|
1,4117 |
46,967 |
|
1,4118 |
46,016 |
|
1,4119 |
46,065 |
|
1,4120 |
46,114 |
|
1,4121 |
46,163 |
|
1,4122 |
46,212 |
|
1,4123 |
46,261 |
|
1,4124 |
46,310 |
|
1,4125 |
46,359 |
|
1,4126 |
46,408 |
|
1,4127 |
46,457 |
|
1,4128 |
46,506 |
|
1,4129 |
46,555 |
|
1,4130 |
46,604 |
|
1,4131 |
46,652 |
|
1,4132 |
46,701 |
|
1,4133 |
46,750 |
|
1,4134 |
46,799 |
|
1,4135 |
46,848 |
|
1,4136 |
46,896 |
|
1,4137 |
46,945 |
|
1,4138 |
46,994 |
|
1,4139 |
47,043 |
|
1,4140 |
47,091 |
|
1,4141 |
47,140 |
|
1,4141 |
47,188 |
|
1,4143 |
47,237 |
|
1,4144 |
47,286 |
|
1,4145 |
47,334 |
|
1,4146 |
47,383 |
|
1,4147 |
47,431 |
|
1,4148 |
47,480 |
|
1,4149 |
47,528 |
|
1,4150 |
47,577 |
|
1,4151 |
47,625 |
|
1,4152 |
47,674 |
|
1,4153 |
47,722 |
|
1,4154 |
47,771 |
|
1,4155 |
47,819 |
|
1,4156 |
47,868 |
|
1,4157 |
47,916 |
|
1,4158 |
47,964 |
|
1,4159 |
48,013 |
|
1,4160 |
48,061 |
|
1,4161 |
48,109 |
|
1,4162 |
48,158 |
|
1,4163 |
48,206 |
|
1,4164 |
48,254 |
|
1,4165 |
48,302 |
|
1,4166 |
48,350 |
|
1,4167 |
48,399 |
|
1,4168 |
48,447 |
|
1,4169 |
48,495 |
|
1,4170 |
48,543 |
|
1,4171 |
48,591 |
|
1,4172 |
48,639 |
|
1,4173 |
48,687 |
|
1,4174 |
48,735 |
|
1,4175 |
48,784 |
|
1,4176 |
48,832 |
|
1,4177 |
48,880 |
|
1,4178 |
48,928 |
|
1,4179 |
48,976 |
|
1,4180 |
49,023 |
|
1,4181 |
49,071 |
|
1,4182 |
49,119 |
|
1,4183 |
49,167 |
|
1,4184 |
49,215 |
|
1,4185 |
49,263 |
|
1,4186 |
49,311 |
|
1,4187 |
49,359 |
|
1,4188 |
49,407 |
|
1,4189 |
49,454 |
|
1,4190 |
49,502 |
|
1,4191 |
49,550 |
|
1,4192 |
49,598 |
|
1,4193 |
49,645 |
|
1,4194 |
49,693 |
|
1,4195 |
49,741 |
|
1,4196 |
49,788 |
|
1,4197 |
49,836 |
|
1,4198 |
49,884 |
|
1,4199 |
49,931 |
|
1,4200 |
49,979 |
|
1,4201 |
50,027 |
|
1,4202 |
50,074 |
|
1,4203 |
50,122 |
|
1,4204 |
50,169 |
|
1,4205 |
50,217 |
|
1,4206 |
50,264 |
|
1,4207 |
50,312 |
|
1,4208 |
50,359 |
|
1,4209 |
50,407 |
|
1,4210 |
50,454 |
|
1,4211 |
50,502 |
|
1,4212 |
50,549 |
|
1,4213 |
50,596 |
|
1,4214 |
50,644 |
|
1,4215 |
50,691 |
|
1,4216 |
50,738 |
|
1,4217 |
50,786 |
|
1,4218 |
50,833 |
|
1,4219 |
50,880 |
|
1,4220 |
50,928 |
|
1,4221 |
50,975 |
|
1,4222 |
51,022 |
|
1,4223 |
51,069 |
|
1,4224 |
51,116 |
|
1,4225 |
51,164 |
|
1,4226 |
51,211 |
|
1,4227 |
51,258 |
|
1,4228 |
51305 |
|
1,4229 |
51,352 |
|
1,4230 |
51,399 |
|
1,4231 |
51,446 |
|
1,4232 |
51,493 |
|
1,4233 |
51,540 |
|
1,4234 |
51,587 |
|
1,4235 |
51,634 |
|
1,4236 |
51,681 |
|
1,4237 |
51,728 |
|
1,4238 |
51,775 |
|
1,4239 |
51,822 |
|
1,4240 |
51,869 |
|
1,4241 |
51,916 |
|
1,4242 |
51,963 |
|
1,4243 |
52,010 |
|
1,4244 |
52,057 |
|
1,4245 |
52,104 |
|
1,4246 |
52,150 |
|
1,4247 |
52,197 |
|
1,4248 |
52,244 |
|
1,4249 |
52,291 |
|
1,4250 |
52,338 |
|
1,4251 |
52,384 |
|
1,4252 |
52,431 |
|
1,4253 |
52,478 |
|
1,4254 |
52,524 |
|
1,4255 |
52,571 |
|
1,4256 |
52,618 |
|
1,4257 |
52,664 |
|
1,4258 |
52,711 |
|
1,4259 |
52,758 |
|
1,4260 |
52,804 |
|
1,4261 |
52,851 |
|
1,4261 |
52,897 |
|
1,4263 |
52,944 |
|
1,4264 |
52,990 |
|
1,4265 |
53,037 |
|
1,4266 |
53,083 |
|
1,4267 |
53,130 |
|
1,4268 |
53,176 |
|
1,4269 |
53,223 |
|
1,4270 |
53,269 |
|
1,4271 |
53,316 |
|
1,4272 |
53,362 |
|
1,4273 |
53,408 |
|
1,4274 |
53,455 |
|
1,4275 |
53,501 |
|
1,4276 |
53,548 |
|
1,4277 |
53,594 |
|
1,4278 |
53,640 |
|
1,4279 |
53,686 |
|
1,4280 |
53,733 |
|
1,4281 |
53,779 |
|
1,4282 |
53,825 |
|
1,4283 |
53,871 |
|
1,4284 |
53,918 |
|
1,4285 |
53,964 |
|
1,4286 |
54,010 |
|
1,4287 |
54,056 |
|
1,4288 |
54,102 |
|
1,4289 |
54,148 |
|
1,4290 |
54,194 |
|
1,4291 |
54,241 |
|
1,4292 |
54,287 |
|
1,4293 |
54,333 |
|
1,4294 |
54,379 |
|
1,4295 |
54,425 |
|
1,4296 |
54,471 |
|
1,4297 |
54,517 |
|
1,4298 |
54,563 |
|
1,4299 |
54,609 |
|
1,4300 |
54,655 |
|
1,4301 |
54,701 |
|
1,4302 |
54,746 |
|
1,4303 |
54,792 |
|
1,4304 |
54,838 |
|
1,4305 |
54,884 |
|
1,4306 |
54,930 |
|
1,4307 |
54,976 |
|
1,4308 |
55,022 |
|
1,4309 |
55067 |
|
1,4310 |
55,113 |
|
1,4311 |
55,159 |
|
1,4312 |
55,205 |
|
1,4313 |
55,250 |
|
1,4314 |
55,296 |
|
1,4315 |
55,342 |
|
1,4316 |
55,388 |
|
1,4317 |
55,433 |
|
1,4318 |
55,479 |
|
1,4319 |
55,524 |
|
1,4320 |
55,570 |
|
1,4321 |
55,616 |
|
1,4322 |
55,661 |
|
1,4323 |
55,707 |
|
1,4324 |
55,752 |
|
1,4325 |
55,798 |
|
1,4326 |
55,844 |
|
1,4327 |
55,889 |
|
1,4328 |
55,935 |
|
1,4329 |
55,980 |
|
1,4330 |
56,026 |
|
1,4331 |
56,071 |
|
1,4332 |
56,116 |
|
1,4133 |
56,162 |
|
1,4334 |
56,207 |
|
1,4335 |
56,253 |
|
1,4336 |
56,298 |
|
1,4337 |
56,343 |
|
1,4338 |
56,389 |
|
1,4339 |
56,434 |
|
1,4340 |
56,479 |
|
1,4341 |
56,525 |
|
1,4342 |
56,570 |
|
1,4343 |
56,615 |
|
1,4344 |
56,660 |
|
1,4345 |
56,706 |
|
1,4346 |
56,751 |
|
1,4347 |
56,796 |
|
1,4348 |
56,841 |
|
1,4349 |
56,887 |
|
1,4350 |
56,932 |
|
1,4351 |
56,977 |
|
1,4352 |
57,022 |
|
1,4353 |
57,067 |
|
1,4354 |
57,112 |
|
1,4355 |
57,157 |
|
1,4356 |
57,202 |
|
1,4357 |
57,247 |
|
14358 |
57,292 |
|
1,4359 |
57,337 |
|
1,4360 |
57,382 |
|
1,4361 |
57,427 |
|
1,4362 |
57,472 |
|
1,4363 |
57,517 |
|
1,4364 |
57,562 |
|
1,4365 |
57,607 |
|
1,4366 |
57,652 |
|
1,4367 |
57,697 |
|
1,4368 |
57,742 |
|
1,4369 |
57,787 |
|
1,4370 |
57,832 |
|
1,4371 |
57,877 |
|
1,4372 |
57,921 |
|
1,4373 |
57,966 |
|
1,4374 |
58,011 |
|
1,4375 |
58,056 |
|
1,4376 |
58,101 |
|
1,4377 |
58,145 |
|
1,4378 |
58,190 |
|
1,4379 |
58,235 |
|
1,4380 |
58,279 |
|
1,4381 |
58,324 |
|
1,4382 |
58,369 |
|
1,4383 |
58,413 |
|
1,4384 |
53,458 |
|
1,4385 |
58,503 |
|
1,4386 |
58,547 |
|
1,4387 |
58,592 |
|
1,4388 |
58,637 |
|
1,4389 |
58,681 |
|
1,4390 |
58,726 |
|
1,4391 |
58,770 |
|
1,4392 |
58,815 |
|
1,4393 |
58,859 |
|
1,4394 |
58,904 |
|
1,4395 |
58,948 |
|
1,4396 |
58,993 |
|
1,4397 |
59,037 |
|
1,4398 |
59,082 |
|
1,4399 |
59,126 |
|
1,4400 |
59,170 |
|
1,4401 |
59,215 |
|
1,4402 |
59,259 |
|
1,4403 |
59,304 |
|
1,4404 |
59,348 |
|
1,4405 |
59,392 |
|
1,4406 |
59,437 |
|
1,4407 |
59,481 |
|
1,4408 |
59,525 |
|
1,4409 |
59,569 |
|
1,4410 |
59,614 |
|
1,4411 |
59,658 |
|
1,4412 |
59,702 |
|
1,4413 |
59,746 |
|
1,4414 |
59,791 |
|
1,4415 |
59,835 |
|
1,4416 |
59,879 |
|
1,4417 |
59,923 |
|
1,4418 |
59,967 |
|
1,4419 |
60,011 |
|
1,4420 |
60,056 |
|
1,4421 |
60,100 |
|
1,4422 |
60,144 |
|
1,4423 |
60,188 |
|
1,4424 |
60,232 |
|
1,4425 |
60,276 |
|
1,4426 |
60,320 |
|
1,4427 |
60,364 |
|
1,4428 |
60,408 |
|
1,4429 |
60,452 |
|
1,4430 |
60,496 |
|
1,4431 |
60,540 |
|
1,4432 |
60,584 |
|
1,4433 |
60,628 |
|
1,4434 |
60,672 |
|
1,4435 |
60,716 |
|
1,4436 |
60,759 |
|
1,4437 |
60,803 |
|
1,4438 |
60,847 |
|
1,4439 |
60,891 |
|
1,4440 |
60,935 |
|
1,4441 |
60,979 |
|
1,4442 |
61,023 |
|
1,4443 |
61,066 |
|
1,4444 |
61,110 |
|
1,4445 |
61,154 |
|
1,4446 |
61,198 |
|
1,4447 |
61,241 |
|
1,4448 |
61,285 |
|
1,4449 |
61,329 |
|
1,4450 |
61,372 |
|
1,4451 |
61,416 |
|
1,4452 |
61,460 |
|
1,4453 |
61,503 |
|
1,4454 |
61,547 |
|
1,4455 |
61,591 |
|
1,4456 |
61,634 |
|
1,4457 |
61,678 |
|
1,4458 |
61,721 |
|
1,4459 |
61,765 |
|
1,4460 |
61,809 |
|
1,4461 |
61,852 |
|
1,4462 |
61,896 |
|
1,4463 |
61,939 |
|
1,4464 |
62,983 |
|
1,4465 |
62,026 |
|
1,4466 |
62,070 |
|
1,4467 |
62,113 |
|
1,4468 |
62,156 |
|
1,4469 |
62,200 |
|
1,4470 |
62,243 |
|
1,4471 |
62,287 |
|
1,4472 |
62,330 |
|
1,4473 |
62,373 |
|
1,4474 |
62,417 |
|
1,4475 |
62,460 |
|
1,4476 |
62,503 |
|
1,4477 |
62,547 |
|
1,4478 |
62,590 |
|
14479 |
62,633 |
|
1,4480 |
62,677 |
|
1,4481 |
62,720 |
|
1,4482 |
62,763 |
|
1,4483 |
62,806 |
|
1,4184 |
62,849 |
|
1,4485 |
62,893 |
|
1,4486 |
62,936 |
|
1,4487 |
62,979 |
|
1,4488 |
63,022 |
|
1,4489 |
63,065 |
|
1,4490 |
63,108 |
|
1,4491 |
63,152 |
|
1,4492 |
63,195 |
|
1,4493 |
63,238 |
|
1,4494 |
63,281 |
|
1,4495 |
63,324 |
|
1,4496 |
63,367 |
|
1,4497 |
63,410 |
|
1,4498 |
63,453 |
|
1,4499 |
63,496 |
|
1,4500 |
63,539 |
|
1,4501 |
63,582 |
|
1,4502 |
63,625 |
|
1,4503 |
63,668 |
|
1,4304 |
63,711 |
|
1,4505 |
63,754 |
|
1,4506 |
63,797 |
|
1,4507 |
63,840 |
|
1,4508 |
63,882 |
|
1,4509 |
63,925 |
|
1,4510 |
63,968 |
|
1,4511 |
64,011 |
|
1,4512 |
64,054 |
|
1,4513 |
64,097 |
|
1,4514 |
64,139 |
|
1,4515 |
64,182 |
|
1,4516 |
64,225 |
|
1,4517 |
64,268 |
|
1,4518 |
64,311 |
|
1,4519 |
64,353 |
|
1,4520 |
64,396 |
|
1,4521 |
64,439 |
|
1,4522 |
64,481 |
|
1,4523 |
64,524 |
|
1,4524 |
64,567 |
|
1,4525 |
64,609 |
|
1,4526 |
64,652 |
|
1,4527 |
64,695 |
|
1,4528 |
64,737 |
|
1,4529 |
64,780 |
|
1,4530 |
64,823 |
|
1,4531 |
64,865 |
|
1,4532 |
64,908 |
|
1,4533 |
64,950 |
|
1,4534 |
64,993 |
|
1,4535 |
65,035 |
|
1,4536 |
65,078 |
|
1,4537 |
65,120 |
|
1,4538 |
65,163 |
|
1,4539 |
65,205 |
|
1,4540 |
65,248 |
|
1,4541 |
65,290 |
|
1,4542 |
65,333 |
|
1,4543 |
65,375 |
|
1,4544 |
65,417 |
|
1,4545 |
65,460 |
|
1,4546 |
65,502 |
|
1,4547 |
65,544 |
|
1,4548 |
65,587 |
|
1,4549 |
65,629 |
|
1,4550 |
65,672 |
|
1,4551 |
65,714 |
|
1,4552 |
65,756 |
|
1,4553 |
65,798 |
|
1,4554 |
65,841 |
|
1,4555 |
65,883 |
|
1,4556 |
65,925 |
|
1,4557 |
65,967 |
|
1,4558 |
66,010 |
|
1,4559 |
66,052 |
|
1,4560 |
66,094 |
|
1,4561 |
66,136 |
|
1,4562 |
66,178 |
|
1,4563 |
66,221 |
|
1,4564 |
66,263 |
|
1,4565 |
66,305 |
|
1,4566 |
66,347 |
|
1,4567 |
66,389 |
|
1,4568 |
66,431 |
|
1,4569 |
66,473 |
|
1,4570 |
66,515 |
|
1,4571 |
66,557 |
|
1,4572 |
66,599 |
|
1,4573 |
66,641 |
|
1,4574 |
66,683 |
|
1,4575 |
66,725 |
|
1,4576 |
66,767 |
|
1,4577 |
66,809 |
|
1,4578 |
66,851 |
|
1,4579 |
66,893 |
|
1,4580 |
66,935 |
|
1,4581 |
66,977 |
|
1,4582 |
67,019 |
|
1,4583 |
67,061 |
|
1,4584 |
67,103 |
|
1,4585 |
67,145 |
|
1,4586 |
67,186 |
|
1,4587 |
67,228 |
|
1,4588 |
67,270 |
|
1,4589 |
67,312 |
|
1,4590 |
67,354 |
|
1,4591 |
67,396 |
|
1,4592 |
67,437 |
|
1,4593 |
67,479 |
|
1,4594 |
67,521 |
|
1,4595 |
67,563 |
|
1,4596 |
67,604 |
|
1,4597 |
67,646 |
|
1,4598 |
67,688 |
|
1,4599 |
67,729 |
|
1,4600 |
67,771 |
|
1,4601 |
67,813 |
|
1,4602 |
67,854 |
|
1,4603 |
67,896 |
|
1,4604 |
67,938 |
|
1,4605 |
67,979 |
|
1,4606 |
68,021 |
|
1,4607 |
68,063 |
|
1,4608 |
68,104 |
|
1,4609 |
68,146 |
|
1,4610 |
68,187 |
|
1,4611 |
68,229 |
|
1,4611 |
68,270 |
|
1,4613 |
68,312 |
|
1,4614 |
68,353 |
|
1,4615 |
68,395 |
|
1,4616 |
68,436 |
|
1,4617 |
68,478 |
|
1,4618 |
68,519 |
|
1,4619 |
68,561 |
|
1,4620 |
68,602 |
|
1,4621 |
68,643 |
|
1,4622 |
68,685 |
|
1,4623 |
68,726 |
|
1,4624 |
68,768 |
|
1,4625 |
68,809 |
|
1,4626 |
68,850 |
|
1,4627 |
68,892 |
|
1,4628 |
68,933 |
|
1,4629 |
68,974 |
|
1,4630 |
69,016 |
|
1,4631 |
69,057 |
|
1,4632 |
69,098 |
|
1,4633 |
69,139 |
|
1,4634 |
69,181 |
|
1,4635 |
69,222 |
|
1,4636 |
69,263 |
|
1,4637 |
69,304 |
|
1,4638 |
69,346 |
|
1,4639 |
69,387 |
|
1,4640 |
69,428 |
|
1,4641 |
69,469 |
|
1,4642 |
69,510 |
|
1,4643 |
69,551 |
|
1,4644 |
69,593 |
|
1,4645 |
69,634 |
|
1,4646 |
69,675 |
|
1,4647 |
69,716 |
|
1,4648 |
69,757 |
|
1,4649 |
69,798 |
|
1,4650 |
69,839 |
|
1,4651 |
69,880 |
|
1,4652 |
69,921 |
|
1,4653 |
69,962 |
|
1,4654 |
70,003 |
|
1,4655 |
70,044 |
|
1,4656 |
70,085 |
|
1,4657 |
70,126 |
|
1,4658 |
70,167 |
|
1,4659 |
70,208 |
|
1,4660 |
70,249 |
|
1,4661 |
70,290 |
|
1,4662 |
70,331 |
|
1,4663 |
70,372 |
|
1,4664 |
70,413 |
|
1,4665 |
70,453 |
|
1,4666 |
70,494 |
|
1,4667 |
70,535 |
|
1,4668 |
70,576 |
|
1,4669 |
70,617 |
|
1,4670 |
70,658 |
|
1,4671 |
70,698 |
|
1,4672 |
70,739 |
|
1,4673 |
70,780 |
|
1,4674 |
70,821 |
|
1,4675 |
70,861 |
|
1,4676 |
70,902 |
|
1,4677 |
70,943 |
|
1,4678 |
70,984 |
|
1,4679 |
71024 |
|
1,4680 |
71,065 |
|
1,4681 |
71,106 |
|
1,4681 |
71,146 |
|
1,4683 |
71,187 |
|
1,4684 |
71,228 |
|
1,4685 |
71,268 |
|
1,4686 |
71,309 |
|
1,4687 |
71,349 |
|
1,4688 |
71,390 |
|
1,4689 |
71,431 |
|
1,4690 |
71,471 |
|
1,4691 |
71,512 |
|
1,4692 |
71,552 |
|
1,4693 |
71,593 |
|
1,4694 |
71,633 |
|
1,4695 |
71,674 |
|
1,4696 |
71,714 |
|
1,4697 |
71,755 |
|
1,4698 |
71,795 |
|
1,4699 |
71,836 |
|
1,4700 |
71,876 |
|
1,4701 |
71,917 |
|
1,4702 |
71,957 |
|
1,4703 |
71,998 |
|
1,4704 |
72,038 |
|
1,4705 |
72,078 |
|
1,4706 |
72,119 |
|
1,4707 |
72,159 |
|
1,4708 |
72,199 |
|
1,4709 |
72,240 |
|
1,4710 |
72,280 |
|
1,4711 |
72,320 |
|
1,4712 |
72,361 |
|
1,4713 |
72,401 |
|
1,4714 |
72,441 |
|
1,4715 |
72,482 |
|
1,4716 |
72,522 |
|
1,4717 |
72,562 |
|
1,4718 |
72,602 |
|
1,4719 |
72,643 |
|
1,4720 |
72,683 |
|
1,4721 |
72,723 |
|
1,4722 |
72,763 |
|
1,4723 |
72,803 |
|
1,4724 |
72,843 |
|
1,4725 |
72,884 |
|
1,4726 |
72924 |
|
1,4727 |
72,964 |
|
1,4728 |
73,004 |
|
1,4729 |
73,044 |
|
1,4730 |
73,084 |
|
1,4731 |
73,124 |
|
1,4732 |
73,164 |
|
1,4733 |
73,204 |
|
1,4734 |
73,244 |
|
1,4735 |
73,285 |
|
1,4736 |
73,325 |
|
1,4737 |
73,365 |
|
1,4738 |
73,405 |
|
1,4739 |
73,445 |
|
1,4740 |
73,485 |
|
1,4741 |
73,524 |
|
1,4742 |
73,564 |
|
1,4743 |
73,604 |
|
1,4744 |
73,644 |
|
1,4745 |
73,684 |
|
1,4746 |
73,724 |
|
1,4747 |
73,764 |
|
1,4748 |
73,804 |
|
1,4749 |
73,844 |
|
1,4750 |
73,884 |
|
1,4751 |
73,924 |
|
1,4752 |
73,963 |
|
1,4753 |
74,003 |
|
1,4754 |
74,043 |
|
1,4755 |
74,083 |
|
1,4756 |
74,123 |
|
1,4757 |
74,162 |
|
1,4758 |
74,202 |
|
1,4759 |
74,242 |
|
1,4760 |
74,282 |
|
1,4761 |
74,321 |
|
1,4762 |
74,361 |
|
1,4763 |
74,401 |
|
1,4764 |
74,441 |
|
1,4765 |
74,480 |
|
1,4766 |
74,520 |
|
1,4767 |
74,560 |
|
1,4768 |
74,599 |
|
1,4769 |
74,639 |
|
1,4770 |
74,678 |
|
1,4771 |
74,718 |
|
1,1772 |
74,758 |
|
1,4773 |
74,797 |
|
1,4774 |
74,837 |
|
1,4775 |
74,876 |
|
1,4776 |
74,916 |
|
1,4777 |
74,956 |
|
1,4778 |
74,995 |
|
1,4779 |
75,035 |
|
1,4780 |
75,074 |
|
1,1781 |
75,114 |
|
1,4782 |
75,153 |
|
1,4783 |
75,193 |
|
1,4784 |
75,232 |
|
1,4785 |
75,272 |
|
1,4786 |
75,311 |
|
1,4787 |
75,350 |
|
1,4788 |
75,390 |
|
1,4789 |
75,429 |
|
1,4790 |
75,469 |
|
1,4791 |
75,508 |
|
1,4792 |
75,547 |
|
1,4793 |
75,587 |
|
1,4794 |
75,626 |
|
1,4795 |
75,666 |
|
1,4796 |
75,705 |
|
1,4797 |
75,744 |
|
1,4798 |
75,784 |
|
1,4799 |
75,823 |
|
1,4800 |
75,862 |
|
1,4801 |
75,901 |
|
1,4802 |
75,941 |
|
1,4803 |
75,980 |
|
1,4804 |
76,019 |
|
1,4805 |
76,058 |
|
1,4806 |
76,098 |
|
1,4807 |
76,137 |
|
1,4808 |
76,176 |
|
1,4809 |
76,215 |
|
1,4810 |
76,254 |
|
1,4810 |
76,294 |
|
1,4812 |
76,333 |
|
1,4813 |
76,372 |
|
1,4814 |
76,411 |
|
1,4815 |
76,450 |
|
1,4816 |
76,489 |
|
1,4817 |
76,528 |
|
1,4818 |
76,567 |
|
1,4819 |
76,607 |
|
1,4820 |
76,646 |
|
1,4821 |
76,685 |
|
1,4822 |
76,724 |
|
1,4823 |
76,763 |
|
1,4824 |
76,802 |
|
1,4825 |
76,841 |
|
1,4826 |
76,880 |
|
1,4827 |
76,919 |
|
1,4828 |
76,958 |
|
1,4829 |
76,997 |
|
1,4830 |
77,036 |
|
1,4831 |
77,075 |
|
1,4832 |
77,113 |
|
1,4833 |
77,152 |
|
1,4834 |
77,191 |
|
1,4835 |
77,230 |
|
1&xxxx;4336 |
77269 |
|
1,4837 |
77,308 |
|
1,4838 |
77,347 |
|
1,4839 |
77,386 |
|
1,4840 |
77,425 |
|
1,4841 |
77,463 |
|
1,4842 |
77,502 |
|
1,4843 |
77,541 |
|
1,4844 |
77,580 |
|
1,4845 |
77,619 |
|
1,4846 |
77,657 |
|
1,4847 |
77,696 |
|
1,4848 |
77,735 |
|
1,4849 |
77,774 |
|
1,4850 |
77,812 |
|
1,4851 |
77,851 |
|
1,4852 |
77,890 |
|
1,4853 |
77,928 |
|
1,4854 |
77,967 |
|
1,4855 |
78,006 |
|
1,4856 |
78,045 |
|
1,4857 |
78,083 |
|
1,4858 |
78,122 |
|
1,4859 |
78,160 |
|
1,4860 |
78,199 |
|
1,4861 |
78,238 |
|
1,4862 |
78,276 |
|
1,4863 |
78,315 |
|
1,4864 |
78,353 |
|
1,4865 |
78,392 |
|
1,4866 |
78,431 |
|
1,4867 |
78,469 |
|
1,4868 |
78,508 |
|
1,4869 |
78,546 |
|
1,4870 |
78,585 |
|
1,4871 |
78,623 |
|
1,4872 |
78,662 |
|
1,4873 |
78,700 |
|
1,4874 |
78,739 |
|
1,4875 |
78,777 |
|
1,4876 |
78,816 |
|
1,4877 |
78,854 |
|
1,4878 |
78,892 |
|
1,4879 |
78,931 |
|
1,4880 |
78,969 |
|
1,4881 |
79,008 |
|
1,4882 |
79,046 |
|
1,4883 |
79,084 |
|
1,4884 |
79,123 |
|
1,4885 |
79,161 |
|
1,4886 |
79,199 |
|
1,4887 |
79,238 |
|
1,4888 |
79,276 |
|
1,4889 |
79,314 |
|
1,4890 |
79,353 |
|
1,4891 |
79,391 |
|
1,4892 |
79,429 |
|
1,4893 |
79,468 |
|
1,4894 |
79,506 |
|
1,4895 |
79,544 |
|
1,4896 |
79,582 |
|
1,4897 |
79,620 |
|
1,4898 |
79,659 |
|
1,4899 |
79,697 |
|
1,4900 |
79,735 |
|
1,4901 |
79,773 |
|
1,4902 |
79,811 |
|
1,4903 |
79,850 |
|
1,4904 |
79,888 |
|
1,4905 |
79,926 |
|
1,4906 |
79,964 |
|
1,4907 |
80,002 |
|
1,4908 |
80,040 |
|
1,4909 |
80,078 |
|
1,4910 |
80,116 |
|
1,4911 |
80,154 |
|
1,4912 |
80,192 |
|
1,4913 |
80,231 |
|
1,4914 |
80,269 |
|
1,4915 |
80,307 |
|
1,4916 |
80,345 |
|
1,4917 |
80,383 |
|
1,4918 |
80,421 |
|
1,4919 |
80,459 |
|
1,4920 |
80,497 |
|
1,4921 |
80,534 |
|
1,4922 |
80,572 |
|
1,4923 |
80,610 |
|
1,4924 |
80,648 |
|
1,4925 |
80,686 |
|
1,4926 |
80,724 |
|
1,4927 |
80,762 |
|
1,4928 |
80,800 |
|
1,4929 |
80,838 |
|
1,4930 |
80,876 |
|
1,4931 |
80,913 |
|
1,4932 |
80,951 |
|
1,4933 |
80,989 |
|
1,4934 |
81,027 |
|
1,4935 |
81,065 |
|
1,4936 |
81,103 |
|
1,4937 |
81,140 |
|
1,4938 |
81,178 |
|
1,4939 |
81,216 |
|
1,4940 |
81,254 |
|
1,4941 |
81,291 |
|
1,4942 |
81,329 |
|
1,4943 |
81,367 |
|
1,4944 |
81,405 |
|
1,4945 |
81,442 |
|
1,4946 |
81,480 |
|
1,4947 |
81,518 |
|
1,4948 |
81,555 |
|
1,4949 |
81,593 |
|
1,4950 |
81,631 |
|
1,4951 |
81,668 |
|
1,4952 |
81,706 |
|
1,4953 |
81,744 |
|
1,4954 |
81,781 |
|
1,4955 |
81,819 |
|
1,4956 |
81,856 |
|
1,4957 |
81,894 |
|
1,4958 |
81,932 |
|
1,4959 |
81,969 |
|
1,4960 |
82,007 |
|
1,4961 |
82,044 |
|
1,4962 |
82,082 |
|
1,4963 |
82,119 |
|
1,4964 |
82,157 |
|
1,4965 |
82,194 |
|
1,4966 |
82,232 |
|
1,4967 |
82,269 |
|
1,4968 |
82,307 |
|
1,4969 |
82,344 |
|
1,4970 |
82,381 |
|
1,4971 |
82,419 |
|
1,4972 |
82,456 |
|
1,4973 |
82,494 |
|
1,4974 |
87,531 |
|
1,4975 |
82,569 |
|
1,9976 |
82,606 |
|
1,4977 |
82,643 |
|
1,4978 |
82,681 |
|
1,4979 |
82,718 |
|
1,4980 |
82,755 |
|
1,4981 |
82,793 |
|
1,4982 |
82,830 |
|
1,4983 |
82,867 |
|
1,4984 |
82,905 |
|
1,4985 |
82,942 |
|
1,4986 |
82,979 |
|
1,4987 |
83,016 |
|
1,4988 |
83,054 |
|
1,4989 |
83,091 |
|
14990 |
83,128 |
|
1,4991 |
83,165 |
|
1,4992 |
83,202 |
|
1,4993 |
83,240 |
|
1,4994 |
83,277 |
|
1,4995 |
83,314 |
|
1,4996 |
83,351 |
|
1,4997 |
83,388 |
|
1,4998 |
83,425 |
|
14999 |
83,463 |
|
1,5000 |
83,500 |
|
1,5001 |
83,537 |
|
1,5002 |
83,574 |
|
1,5003 |
83,611 |
|
1,5004 |
83,648 |
|
1,5005 |
83,685 |
|
1,5006 |
83,722 |
|
1,5007 |
83,759 |
|
1,5008 |
83,796 |
|
1,5009 |
83,833 |
|
1,5010 |
83,870 |
|
1,5011 |
83,907 |
|
1,5012 |
83,944 |
|
1,5013 |
83,981 |
|
1,5014 |
84,018 |
|
1,5015 |
84,055 |
|
1,5016 |
84,092 |
|
1,5017 |
84,129 |
|
1,5018 |
84,166 |
|
1,5019 |
84,203 |
|
1,5020 |
84,240 |
|
1,5021 |
84,277 |
|
1,5022 |
84,314 |
|
1,5023 |
84,351 |
|
1,5024 |
84,388 |
|
1,5025 |
84,424 |
|
1,5026 |
84,461 |
|
1,5027 |
84,498 |
|
1,5028 |
84,535 |
|
1,5029 |
84,572 |
|
1,5030 |
84,609 |
|
1,5031 |
84,645 |
|
1&xxxx;5032 |
84,682 |
|
1,5033 |
84,719 |
|
1,5034 |
84,756 |
|
1,5035 |
84,792 |
|
1,5036 |
84,829 |
|
1,5037 |
84,866 |
|
1,5038 |
84,903 |
|
1,5039 |
84,939 |
|
1,5040 |
84,976 |
|
1,5041 |
85,013 |
|
1,5042 |
85,049 |
|
1,5043 |
85,086 |
|
1,5044 |
85,123 |
|
1,5045 |
85,159 |
|
1,5046 |
85,196 |
|
1,5047 |
85,233 |
|
1,5048 |
85,269 |
|
1,5049 |
85,306 |
|
1,5050 |
85,343 |
|
1,5051 |
85,379 |
|
1,5052 |
85,416 |
|
1,5053 |
85,452 |
|
1,5054 |
85,489 |
|
1,5055 |
85,525 |
|
1,5056 |
85,562 |
|
1,5057 |
85,598 |
|
1,5058 |
85,635 |
|
1,5059 |
85,672 |
|
1,5060 |
85,708 |
|
1,5061 |
85,744 |
|
1,5062 |
85,781 |
|
1,5063 |
85,817 |
|
1,5064 |
85,854 |
|
1,5065 |
85,890 |
|
1,5066 |
85,927 |
|
1,5067 |
85,963 |
|
1,5068 |
86,000 |
|
1,5069 |
86,036 |
|
1,5070 |
86,072 |
|
1,5071 |
86,109 |
|
1,5072 |
86,145 |
|
1,5073 |
86,182 |
|
1,5074 |
86,218 |
|
1,5075 |
86,254 |
|
1,5076 |
86,291 |
|
1,5077 |
86,327 |
|
1,5078 |
86,363 |
|
1,5079 |
86,399 |
[1] Hodnoty x x těchto xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx rovnice, xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx XXXXXX xx X. Rosenhauer. Xxxxxxx byla xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x výpočty provedeny Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxxxxxx x USDA x xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxx J. 33, 15-22 (xxxxxx 1970). Xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxxx X xxxx Na. Xxxx (xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx) xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xx vzduchu při xxxxx 760 xxxxx (xx Hg) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (47 012, xxxxxx 11) xxxxxxxxxxxx x Intern. Sugar X. 39, 22 (1937).
XXXXXX 4
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx a oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx v xxxxx xxxxxxxxx
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx cukry xxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx“: obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx stanovený popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx pro redukci xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx XX. Xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xx pak xxxxxxx odměrným roztokem xxxx (xx známým xxxxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xx xxxxxx titrem).
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Roztok Xx XX (Mullerův roztok)
4.1.1 Xx 400 xx xxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx 35 x xxxxxx měďnatého xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4 5X2X) x xxxxx xx vychladnout.
4.1.2 X 500 ml xxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx 173 g xxxxxx sodnodraselného xxxxxxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxxxx nebo Xxxxxxxxxxx xxx, KNaC4H4O6,4H2O) a 68 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného a xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxx xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx se xxxxx xx 1 xxxxx. Xx přidání 2 x xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx obsah xxxxxxxx, xxxxx se několik xxxxx xxxx x xxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx hustý xxxxxxxx xxxx membránový xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku objeví xxxx množství xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx třeba xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx octová, xxxxxx 5 mol/l.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxx, 0,01665 xxx/x (0,0333X; 4,2258 g/l).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx škrobu: xx xxxxx xxxxxx vody xx xxxxxxx xxxx 5 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx 30 xx vody, xxxxxx se 3 xxxxxx x nechá xxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 10 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx konzervačního xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 300 ml; xxxxxx xxxxxx a xxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxx xxxxx, vroucí.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx 300 xx Erlenmeyerovy xxxxx xx naváží část xxxxxx (10 x xxxx xxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx více xxx 30 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xx 100 xx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx x roztokem xxxxxx xx odpipetuje 10 xx xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.1), xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx xx vloží xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.2) xx xxxx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx.
Xxxxxxx roztoku x Xxxxxxxxxxxxx baňce musí xxx xxxxxxx 20 xx xxx úrovní xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx. Baňka se xxxxxx ochladí xxxxxxx xxxxxxx vody, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx nesmí xxxxxxxxxxx, aby xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx kyslíkem.
Bez protřepávání xxxxxx se pipetou xxxxx 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.2) x xxxxxxxxxxx 5 mol/l x xxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx přidá xxxxxxxx (20 až 40 xx) xxxxxxx xxxx (4.3) x koncentraci 0,016 65 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx xx titruje xxxxxxxx thiosíranu sodného (4.4) x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx škrobu (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx titrace.
6.2 X xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx pokus, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx při xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.4). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xx.
6.3 X xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx provede xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx při xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 10 xxxxx, xxx xxxxx xxxxx x reakci xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx je xxxxxxxxx xxxx siřičitý.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Objem xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xx rovná xxxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx jódu (0,016 65 mol/l) minus xxxxx (xx) roztoku xxxxxxxxxx sodného (0,0333 xxx/x) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 xxx/x) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx:
7.1.1 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxx (6.2),
7.1.2 počtu xx spotřebovaných xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx roztokem za xxxxxx (6.3),
7.1.3 xxxxxx 2,0 xx na xxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx-xx vzorek xxxx xxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxxx).
Xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx odpovídá xxxxxxxx 1 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) 1 xx invertního xxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx podle vzorce:
kde:
V1 = xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx,
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx než 0,02 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 5
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx x Xxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x cukru nebo x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx cukry xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
K xxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx Xx II, zredukovaný x nezredukovaný xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx s xxxxxxxx XXXX.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxxx xxx) (XXXX), xxxxxx 0,0025 mol/l: xxxxxxxx xx 0,930 x XXXX ve xxxx a xxxxxx xx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx murexidu: 0,25 x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx do 50 xx vody a xxxxxx xx x 20 ml vodného xxxxxxx methylenové modři x koncentraci 0,2 x/100 ml.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx: x 600 xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 40 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1,0 xxx/x xx xxxxxxxx 25 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx x 100 ml xxxx xx rozpustí 6,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx – xxxxxxxxxxxx (CuSO4 5X2X), vzniklý xxxxxx xx přidá x xxxxxxx vinanu a xxxxxx xxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx: Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxx).
4.4 Standardní xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru: x xxxxxxx xxxxx x objemu 250 xx se rozpustí 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) xxx xx 120 ml xxxx. Přidá se 9 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (C20 = 1,16) x xxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx xx doplní xx 250 xx x ukončení xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx odečtem xx polarimetru xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se má xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05°X (viz xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx do odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx 2000 xx, zředí xx vodou a xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx místnímu zalkalizování xxxxxxx) se přidá 71,4 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (1 xxx/x), xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 4 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 2000 ml, xx. xxx obsahoval 1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve 100 xx; hodnota xX xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Tento xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx před použitím.
4.5 Xxxxx xxxxxxxxx: xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,001 g/100 x.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxx 150 x 20 xx.
5.2 Xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx vážící x xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx.
6. Postup
6.1 Xx xxxxxxxx (5.1) xx rozpustí 5 x vzorku xxxxx x 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx 2,0 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxx se xxxxxxxx. Zkumavka xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxx 5 xxxxx x xxxx xx xx studené xxxx ochladí.
6.2 Xxxxxx xx xx zkumavky xxxxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx nejmenšího množství xxxx, xxxxxxx do xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (5.2), xxxxxxx xx xxx kapky xxxxxxxxxx (4.2) x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx XXXX (4.1). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xx xx xxxxxx xxxx X0.
Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx barva roztoku xxxxx ze xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxx. Xxxxxxxxx barva xxxxxx mizí x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx rychlost xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx mědi. Xxxxx je při xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx základě xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx invertního xxxxx (příslušně zředěný xxxxxx 4.4) x 5 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx, aby xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx. Xxxxxxxx spotřeba (xx) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx proti xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx k 5 x xxxxxxxxx; xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx je xxxxxx x xxxxxxx 0,001 až 0,019 x xx 100 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx. 100 g xxxxxx.
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx odečte xxxxx invertního xxxxx (x xxxxxxxxxx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx EDTA V0 xx při xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxx 0,017 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 x analyzovaného xxxxxx, xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxx 6.1, analyzovaný xxxxxx xx xxxx musí xxxxxxx xx 5 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.5).
7.3 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl mezi xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx než 0,005 g xx 100 x vzorku.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx hodnoty xx °X na xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x °X xxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx výbojka xxxx světelný xxxxx; xxxxxxxx umístěný v xxxxxxxxx, xx které xx možné udržovat xxxxxxx kolem 20 °X).
XXXXXX 6
STANOVENÍ XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX EKVIVALENT
(Metoda xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx
1.1 xxxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx bílém xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x sirupu x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx;
1.2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxx xx sušinu) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent
- ve xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sirupu;
1.3 xxxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx X-xxxxxxx
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx cukry vyjádřené xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx, X-xxxxxxx nebo xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx cukr, Dglukosa xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Vzorek x xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx (a x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxx Xx XX, xxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx na Xx X. Xxxxxxxx Xx II xx xxxx stanoví jodometricky.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx I: 21,95 x xxxxxx zinečnatého xxxxxxxxx, (Xx(XX3XXX)22X2X) xxxx 24 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, (Zn(CH3COO)2-3H2O) xx spolu x xxxxxxxxx 3 ml xxxxxx xxxxxxxx octové xxxxxxxx ve xxxx x doplní vodou xx 100 ml.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx XX: 10,6 x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (X4[Xx(XX)6]-3X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.3 Luffovo-Schoorlovo xxxxxxx: xxxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx:
4.3.1 Roztok xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx: 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX45X2X) neobsahujícího železo xx xxxxxxxx xx 100 ml xxxx.
4.3.2 Xxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxxxxx: 50 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (X6X8X7-X2X) xx xxxxxxxx x 50 xx xxxx.
4.3.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného: 143,8 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x 300 ml horké xxxx x nechá xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.3.4 K xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3.3) x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx se xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx přidává xxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxxxxx (4.3.2). Xxxxx xx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxx se přidá xxxxxx síranu xxxxxxxxx (4.3.1) x xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 1000 xx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx stát xxxx xxx, v xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Provede xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx podle xxxxxx popsané v xxxx 6.1 (Xx 0,1 xxx/x; Na2CO3 1 xxx/x).
4.4 Roztok xxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx 5 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx 30 xx xxxx. Xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx; xx-xx xxxxx, přidá xx 10 xx jodidu xxxxxxxxxx xxxx konzervační xxxxxxx.
4.6 Kyselina xxxxxx, 3 xxx/x.
4.7 Xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 30 % (m/V).
4.8 Úlomky xxxxx, xxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, promyté xxxxx do vymizení xxxxxx xxxxxx a xxxxxxxx.
4.9 Izopentanol.
4.10 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.11 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1&xxxx;&xxxx;&xxxx; xxx/x.
4.12 Xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x/X) x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Erlenmeyerova xxxxx, x objemu 300 xx, se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
5.2 Stopky.
6. Postup
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx titru Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3):
6.1.1 Xx 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx 3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x 25 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 3 mol/l (4.6).
Titruje xx roztokem thiosíranu xxxxxxx o xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4) xx xxxxxxx škrobového xxxxxxx (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxx xx ke xxxxx titrace. Pokud xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx o koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x rovna 25 xx, xxxx xxx xxxxxxx připraveno xxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xx 10 xx činidla xx 100xx odměrné xxxxx x xx xxxxx xx doplní xxxxx.
10 xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové x koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) x xxxxxxx xx po xxxx jedné hodiny xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx. Xxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx na původní xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) za xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) xxxx indikátoru.
Spotřeba xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xxxx xxx xxxx 5,5 x 6,5 xx.
6.1.3 10 xx zředěného xxxxxxx (6.1.2) xx xxxxxxx kyselinou chlorovodíkovou, 0,1 mol/l (4.11) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.12) jako xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxx titrace xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xxxx xxx xxxx 6,0 x 7,5 xx.
6.1.4 Xxxxxxx xX Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx 9,3 x 9,4 při 20 °X.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx roztoku
6.2.1 Xxxxxx se 5 x vzorku x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 250 xx xxxxxxxxxx 200 ml xxxx. V xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1), pak xx xxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx XX (4.2). Xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx roztoku xx xxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxx xx doplní xxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxx xxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx přefiltruje.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx (6.2.1) se xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx glukosa xx x 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxx 15 xx 60 xx.
6.3 Titrace xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xx 300 xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3), xx baňky xx xxx pipetou xxxxxx 25 ml cukerného xxxxxxx (6.2.2) a xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxx xxxxx (4.8). X xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx umístí xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxx vyříznutý xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxx xx xxx baňky. Kapalina xx přibližně xxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxx 10 minut xxxxx xxxxx. Xxx se xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx vodě a xx xxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx podle xxxxxx postupu:
Přidá se 10 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.7), xxxxxxxxxxxxx poté xx xxxxx xxxxxxx (x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx plynu) 25 xx xxxxxxxx sírové x koncentraci 3 xxx/x (4.6). Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4), xxxxx se roztok xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx mililitrů xxxxxxx škrobu (4.5) x pokračuje se x xxxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xx slepý xxxxx x 25 xx xxxx xxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X níže xxxxxxx tabulky se xxxxxx (případně xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x mg, xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx v xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxx xx vyjádří x xxxxxxxxxx (x/x) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx X-xxxxxxx, vztažených xx xxxxxx.
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,2 xx.
8. Poznámka
Před xxxxxxxxxx kyselinou sírovou xx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx množství xxxxxxxxxxxx (4.9), xxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx Luffovo – Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
|
0,1 xxx/x Xx2X2X3 |
Xxxxxxx, fruktosa, xxxxxxxx cukr X6X12X6 |
|
|
xx |
xx |
xxxxxx |
|
1 |
2,4 |
|
|
2 |
4,8 |
2,4 |
|
3 |
7,2 |
2,4 |
|
4 |
9,7 |
2,5 |
|
5 |
12,2 |
2,5 |
|
6 |
14,7 |
2,5 |
|
7 |
17,2 |
2,5 |
|
8 |
19,8 |
2,6 |
|
9 |
22,4 |
2,6 |
|
10 |
25,0 |
2,6 |
|
11 |
27,6 |
2,6 |
|
12 |
30,3 |
2,7 |
|
13 |
33,0 |
2,7 |
|
14 |
35,7 |
2,7 |
|
15 |
38,5 |
2,8 |
|
16 |
41,3 |
2,8 |
|
17 |
44,2 |
2,9 |
|
18 |
47,1 |
2,9 |
|
19 |
50,0 |
2,9 |
|
20 |
53,0 |
3,0 |
|
21 |
56,0 |
3,0 |
|
22 |
59,1 |
3,1 |
|
23 |
62,2 |
3,1 |
XXXXXX 7
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX CUKRŮ XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX INVERTNÍ XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx – xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx použití
Metoda xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx cukru bílém,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx cukru,
- v xxxxxx z invertního xxxxx xxxxxx.
2. Definice
"Redukující xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx cukr": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx varu určité xxxxxxxx Fehlingova roztoku x xxxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Roztok X:
69,3 x síranu měďnatého xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx xx xx 1000 xx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
346,0 x xxxxxx sodnodraselného xxxxxxxxxxxx (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) x 100 x hydroxidu xxxxxxx xx rozpustí ve xxxx a doplní xx 1000 xx. Xxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxx dekantací xx xxxxxxxxx, která xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx roztoky je xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 1 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: 23,750 x čisté xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx asi xx 120 ml xxxx ve 250mililitrové xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx 9 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx 1,16 x/xx) x xxxxx xx stát xxx laboratorní xxxxxxx xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx do 250 xx x ukončení xxxxxxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 200 xx. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05 °X (viz xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx odpipetuje do 2000xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxx x za stálého xxxxxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) se xxxxx 71,4 xx xxxxxxx hydroxidu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 xxx/x (4.2), ve xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 4 g kyseliny xxxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxx do 2000 xx, xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx. Xxxxxxx xX xxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx roztok by xx xxx xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx přípravě roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,25 x/100 xx xx 250ml xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 x/100 ml xxx 20 °X. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx do 1000 xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx xx xxx 20 °X xx xxxxx xxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, 1 g/100 xx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx 500 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx 50 ml, dělená xx 0,05 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx s xxxxxxx xx 20, 25 x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250, 1000 x 2000 ml.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x bodě 6.1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x konečném xxxx, xxxx xx se xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx tepla.
5.6 Stopky xxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Stanovení xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 50 ml xxxxxxx X (4.1.2), xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x dobře se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.2 Byreta xx xxxxxxxxxx x naplní 0,25 % (0,25 x/100 xx) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru (4.3).
6.1.3 Do 500 xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) se xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx podíl 20 xx směsného xxxxxxx X a X (6.1.1) x xxxxxxx xx 15 ml xxxx. X xxxxxx xx xx baňky xxxxxx 39 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru, xxxxx xx několik xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx x varu x xxxxx se xxxxx přesně xxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx ze xxxxxx tepla x xxxxx dojít x xxxxxxxxx xxxx.
Xx konci xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4). Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxx modrá.
6.1.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx, zpočátku po 0,2 xx, xxx xx 0,1 ml x xxxxxxx po xxxxxxx, až xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx bodu. Xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx modrého zbarvení xxxxxxxx methylenové modři. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx přítomnosti xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx do xxx xxxxx od xxxxxxx xxxx roztoku. Konečná xxxxxxxx X0 se xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 39,0 xx 41,0 xx. Xx-xx xxxxxxx V0 xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x stanovení titru xx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Příprava xxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xx pohybovat v xxxxxxx 250 až 400 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.3.1 Xx nutné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x 20 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X a X, xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx 75 xx.
Xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxx podle návodu x xxxx 6.1.4, xxxxx xxxxx standardního xxxxxxx invertního xxxxx xx použije xxxxxx xxxxxx, xx. do xxxxx xx byretou xxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx, přidá xx 15 ml xxxx, xxxxx se 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxx se xxx titruje xx xx dosažení xxxxxxxxx xxxx, jak je xxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.3.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xxxxxxxxx načervenalé xxxxxxxx, je použitý xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x provede xx xxxxxxxxx stanovení x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xx-xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx zbarvení xxxxxxxxx více xxx 50 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx, musí xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x vyšší xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxx se xx přidat, xx xxxxxxxx odečtením objemu xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku (20 xx) x xxxxxx roztoku vzorku xx 75 xx.
6.4 Xxxxxxx analýza xxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.4.1 Do varné xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 20 xx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovené xxxxx xxxx 6.3.
6.4.2 X xxxxxx xx xxxxxx roztok xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx 6.3, xxxxxxxx x 1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx varných kamínků, xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx x titruje xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (6.3). Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx musí xxx xxxxxxxx jednu xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxxx xxx konečné xxxxxxx xx rovná X1.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx vzorce:
kde:
C = koncentrace xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (x/100 xx),
X0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (ml) xxx xxxxxxxxx titru,
V1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx (ml) při xxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.4.2),
x = korekční xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx koncentraci xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx v roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx; xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx:
|
Xxxxxxxxx (x xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx) |
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x |
|
0,0 |
1,000 |
|
0,5 |
0,982 |
|
1,0 |
0,971 |
|
1,5 |
0,962 |
|
2,0 |
0,954 |
|
2,5 |
0,946 |
|
3,0 |
0,939 |
|
3,5 |
0,932 |
|
4,0 |
0,926 |
|
4,5 |
0,920 |
|
5,0 |
0,915 |
|
5,5 |
0,910 |
|
6,0 |
0,904 |
|
6,5 |
0,898 |
|
7,0 |
0,893 |
|
7,5 |
0,888 |
|
8,0 |
0,883 |
|
8,5 |
0,878 |
|
9,0 |
0,874 |
|
9,5 |
0,869 |
|
10,0 |
0,864 |
Xxxxxxx pro xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x roztoku zkušebního xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx může xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx koncentrace xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x invertního xxxxx (xxx xxxxx výpočet xx použita xxxxxxx x xxxxx 1,0) xx xxxxxxxxxxx veškerých xxxxxxxxxxxx látek xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx lomu podle xxxxxx 3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx zároveň xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší než 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Poznámka
Při xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx °X xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx °X xxxx xxxxxxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx které je xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 °C).
METODA 8
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx použití
Tato metoda xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx ekvivalentu
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém sirupu,
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
2.1 "Xxxxxxxx xxxx": xxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) x xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx vzorku.
2.2 "Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": redukční xxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušiny xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx metody
Roztokem xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx za xxxx xxxx určitý objem xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x použitím xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx indikátoru.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Fehlingův xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx X:
Xx xxxx se xxxxxxxx 69,3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pentahydrátu (XxXX4·5X2X) x v xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 ml se xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx B:
Ve vodě xx xxxxxxxx 346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) a 100 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1000 xx xxxxxx vodou po xxxxx. Xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx, která xx může xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx třeba xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx lahvích.
4.1.3 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx roztoku B (4.1.2) x poté 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxx každý xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (6.1).
4.2 Xxxxxxx dextrosa (X-xxxxxxx) (X6X12X6)
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx 4 xxxxxx xxxxx xx vakuové sušárně xxx xxxxxxx 100 ± 1 °X xxxx nižší a xxx xxxxx xxx 10 kPa (103 xxxx).
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, 0,600 g/100 xx
X přesností na 0,1 xx se xxxxxx 0,6 g xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.2), xxxxxxxx xx ve xxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxx převede xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x objemu 100 xx (5.4), xxxxxx xxxxx po rysku x promíchá.
Tento xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na xxxxx xxx, kdy xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx methylenové xxxxx, 0,1 x/100 xx vody
Rozpustí xx 0,1 g xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx vody.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx s xxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx 250 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx 50 xx, x postranním xxxxxxxx x dělená xx 0,05 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxx nedělené s xxxxxxx 25 ml x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 100 a 500 ml.
5.5 Zařízení x xxxxxx, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx varu x xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx popsanými v xxxx 6.1 a xxxxxxxxxx sledovat xxxxxxxx xxxxx x konečném xxxx xxx nutnosti xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx zdroje xxxxx (xxx xxx 6.1 poznámka 3).
5.6 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.1.1 Xx čisté xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx odpipetuje 25 xx Fehlingova xxxxxxx (4.1.3).
6.1.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx xxxxxx standardním xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx na xxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.3 Xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx x xxxxxx napustí 18 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x obsah xx xxxxxxxxx pohybem promíchá.
6.1.4 Xxxxx baňka xx xxxxxx na zařízení x ohřevu (5.5), xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx, xxx var nastal xx 120 ± 15 sekund.
V xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx poznámka 1).
6.1.5 Xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xx povaří 120 xxxxxx (podle xxxxxx).
Xx xxxxx xx přidá 1 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři (4.4).
6.1.7 Xx 120 sekundách (xxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxx z xxxxxx (6.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx dextrosy xx 0,5xx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xx methylenová xxxx xxxxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 2 x 3).
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5xx dávky.
6.1.8 Xxxxx x bodech 6.1.1 x 6.1.2 se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.9 X xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) napustí (X 0,3) xx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.1.10 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.4, 6.1.5 a 6.1.6 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.11 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx) od xxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx z xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) přidávat xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx dextrosy, zpočátku xx 0,2ml xxxxxxx x nakonec po xxxxxxx, dokud xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx právě xxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxxxx tohoto xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx xxxx xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 10 až 15 xxxxxx.
Xxxx přidávání xxxx xxx provedeno xxxxx 60 xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx tedy xxxxx xxxxxxxxx 180 xxxxxx.
X xxxxxx xxxxx může xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx počáteční dávkou xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy (6.1.9).
6.1.12 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X0 xx) standardního roztoku xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 4).
6.1.13 Xxxxxxx X0 xxxx xxx x xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx standardního roztoku xxxxxxxx (4.3).
Xxxxx se xxxxxxx V0 nachází xxxx toto xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.14 Xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxxx X0 xx xxxxxx xxxxx, je třeba xxx xxxxxxxxxx standardizaci xxxxxxx jednu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy X0 – 0,5.
Poznámka 1:
Xxxxx xx zajištěno, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxxxx xxxx xx rychlé x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx celé xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x x xx největší xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx oxidaci xxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 2:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x x oblasti xxxxxxx, xx. v xxxxxxx, xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx měďnatý. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xx výhodné xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 3:
Byreta xx měla xxx xxxxx stanovení xx xxxxxxx chráněna xxxx xxxxxxx tepla.
Poznámka 4:
Xxxxxxxx x xxxx, že xxxxx zcela xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, musí xxxxx pracovník xxxxxxxx xxxx vlastní xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxx xxxxxxx musí použít xxxx vlastní hodnotu X0 (7.1).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxx xxxx známa xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx (2.1) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxxx předběžnou zkoušku, xxx se xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, x xxxxx xxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (6.3).
Xxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxx:
6.2.2 Připraví se X % (x/X) xxxxxx vzorku, "X" xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.2 x použitím roztoku xxxxxx (6.2.2) namísto xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.2.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.3 x xxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18,0 xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.6 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.2.7 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxx. Xxxxx xx 1 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.2.8 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx var, xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (5.6) xx nuly x xxxxx přidávání xxxxxxx xxxxxx z xxxxxx xx baňky xx 1,0 ml xxxxxxx x odstupem asi 10 xxxxxx, a xx xx do xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy (X ml) včetně xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5 xx xxxxx.
6.2.9 Xxxxxxx "X" xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx. Xxxxx k xxxx xxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxx koncentraci xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.10 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx (x %):
6.3 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 mg xx xxxxxx xxxxxx množství xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx), xxxxx obsahuje 2,85 xx 3,15 x xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx bezvodá xxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxx). Xxx xxxxxxx xx použije buď xxxxx xxxxxxxxx hodnota xxxxxxxx xxxx (2.1), xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x bodě 6.2.10.
6.4 Zkušební xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxx xx vodě x vodou xxxxxx xx rysku.
6.5 Xxxxxxxxx
6.5.1 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.5.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) xx xxxxxx zkušební roztokem (6.4) a xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.5.3 X xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxx napustí 18,5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.5.5 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.5.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.6.
6.5.7 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.7, x použitím zkušebního xxxxxxx xxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.5.8 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx v xxxx 6.1.8.
6.5.9 Postupuje xx jako x xxxx 6.1.9, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.5.10 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx v xxxx 6.1.10.
6.5.11 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.11, x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.5.12 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx (X1) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx při závěrečné xxxxxxx.
6.5.13 Hodnota X1 xxxx xxx v xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 ml xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx hodnota X1 xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, upraví xx xxxxxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx a kroky 6.5.1 až 6.5.12 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.14 Xxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxxxx x použitím téhož xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
6.6 Obsah xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx 2 xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku.
7. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
7.1.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx připraveného xxxxxx xx dána xxxxxxx:
xxx
X0 = xxxxx (ml) xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx (4.3) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1),
V1 = objem (xx) xxxxxxxxxx roztoku (6.4) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx při xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (6.5),
X = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (x) (6.3) použitého x xxxxxxxx 500 ml xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
7.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vypočtený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx připraveného xxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx:
xxx
XX = redukční síla xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (7.1.1),
X = xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x procentech xxxxxxxxxxxx.
7.1.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx kladený xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (7.2).
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx provedených zároveň xxxx rychle xx xxxxx z téhož xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
XXXXXX 9
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx obsahu xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
- ve xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx": obsah xxxxxxxxxx popela xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 525 °C xx xxxxxxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a xx vyjádřena x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxx roztok: xxxxxx x opatrně xx přidává 100 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xxxxxxx při 20 °X = 1,84 x/xx; 96 % x/x) xx 300 ml vody xx xxxxxxxxxx míchání x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 525 ± 25 °X.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy, xxxxxx x přesností xx 0,1 mg.
5.3 Xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx, vhodného objemu.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx čerstvě xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx obsahu xxxxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx x exsikátoru xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xx. Xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (xx 0,1 xx) odváží 5 x škrobového xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.1) (xxx poznámka 8.1) a xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx zahřívá nad xxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx, dokud zcela xxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxxx, během xxxxx odhořívají xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (viz xxxxxxxx 8.2), xx xxxx provádět x xxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx (5.1), předehřáté xx 525 ± 25 °X, x xxxxxxx xx x xx, dokud nevznikne xxxx xxxxx. Xx xxxxxxx trvá xxx xxxxxx (viz xxxxxxxx 8.3).
Xxxxxx se xxxxx xxx 30 minut xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (5.4) x xxxx xx xxxxx.
7. Vyjádření xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vyjádřený x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx dán xxxxxxx:
xxx
x1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x0 = hmotnost xxxxxxx zkušebního vzorku (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx za xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 2,0 % jejich xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
8.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx malých xxxxxxx, xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
8.2 Xxx prvním xxxxxxxxxxx xx třeba xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, aby xxxxxxx ke xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx bobtnání xxxxxx.
8.3 Xxxxx je xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (tj. xxxxxxxxx xxxxx částice), kelímek xx xxxxx z xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx po xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx kapkami xxxx x xxxx xxxxxx xx pece.
METODA 10
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx použití
Metoda xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxx x cukru xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx bílém.
2. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 26 g xxxxx xx 100 xx, xxxxx je uzavřen x trubici x xxxxx 200 xx, xxxxxx rovinu polarizovaného xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx popsaných x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Reakční činidla
4.1 Xxxxxx činidlo: xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxx 1000 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx 560 x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx olovnatého. Xxxx xx 30 minut xxxx a poté xx nechá stát xxxx xxx.
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx 1,25 x/xx (xxx 20 °C).
Tento xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx přístupem xxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxx
5. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx na normální xxxxxxxx 26 g xxxxxxxxx, popřípadě xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx být xxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxx, xx které je xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °X. Xxxxxxxx xx okalibruje xxxxxx standardních xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.2 Světelný xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx polarimetrické xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx x xxxxxxxxx ± 0,02 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxxx váhy, xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx odměrné xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx xx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 100,00 ± 0,01 ml xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx korekcí xx 100 xx.
5.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxx roztoku
Co xxxxxxxxxxx se naváží 26 ± 0,002 x vzorku x xxxxxxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 60 ml xxxx.
Xxxxxx xx rozpustí xxxxxxx, nikoli však xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx třeba xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xx 0,5 xx xxxxxxx octanu xxxxxxxxxx (4.1).
Xxxxxx se míchá xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňky x stěny xxxxx xx oplachují tak xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx 10 xx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx se umístí xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.6) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 20 ± 0,1 °X x ponechá xx xxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx cukerného roztoku xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx povrchu xxxxxxxx xx odstraní xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.2).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx.
Xxxxx se xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx trojnásobným xxxxxxxxx xxxx vzhůru.
Baňka xx xxxxx pět xxxxx xxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xx dobu xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx úkonů xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6.2.1 Polarimetr xx xxxxxxx na xxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx papír. Xxxxxxx 10 ml xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xx xx xxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx dvojnásobným xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx vzorku xxxxxxxx k xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
6.2.4 Xxxxxxx se xxx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X xxxxxxx xxxxxx roztokem xxxxxx určeného x xxxxxxx.
Xxx zasouvání xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx vzduchové bubliny. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.5 Xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,05°S xxxx 0,02 xxxxxxxx stupňů. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx x xxxxxx pěti xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx ve xxxxxxxx X x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1°X. Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx X xx použije xxxxx xxxxxx:
X = xxxxxx xxxxxx × 2,889
7.2 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx za sebou x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší xxx 0,1°X, přičemž xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx stanovení xx xxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxx.