Xxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxx
xx xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979,
xxxxxx se stanoví xxxxxxxxxx metody Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx některých xxxxx určených x xxxxxx spotřebě
(79/796/EHS)
KOMISE XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX,
x ohledem xx Xxxxxxx o založení Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx,
x xxxxxxx xx směrnici Xxxx 73/437/XXX ze xxx 11. xxxxxxxx 1973 o xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx předpisů členských xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxx [1], x xxxxxxx xx článek 11 xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx,
xxxxxxxx k xxxx, že xxxxxx 11 xxxxxxx směrnice xxxxxxx, xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx analytickými metodami Xxxxxxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx počáteční xxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 73/437/XXX xx stanovena xxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxxx x cukru xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx, metoda xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx konduktometricky u xxxxx xxxxx bílého, xxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx extra xxxxxx a xxxxxxxx xxxxx;
xxxxxxxx x tomu, xx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxx bylo xxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx metod Xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx státům xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Lanea x Eynona (xxxxxx 7 a 8 x xxxxxxx XX x. XXX.3 x XXX.4) xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx a Xxxxxxxx (metoda 6 x xxxxxxx XX x. III.3 x XXX.4);
xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x této xxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx se stanoviskem Xxxxxxx výboru xxx xxxxxxxxx,
XXXXXXX XXXX SMĚRNICI:
Článek 1
1. Xxxxxxx xxxxx stanoví, že xxxxxxx nezbytné x xxxxxxx kritérií xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx X xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x příloze XX xxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxx xx xxxxxx druhý xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx x Xxxxxxxx (příloha XX, xxxxxx 6) xx stanovení redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx bílém xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x sirupu x xxxxxxxxxx cukru,
- ve xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x xxxxxxx škrobovém sirupu,
- x dextrose xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxx však xxxxx xx xxxx území xxxxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx nebo xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx uvedených x xxxxxxxxxx seznamu xxxxxx podle Xxxxx x Xxxxxx (xxxxxxx XX, xxxxxx 7 xxxx 8).
3. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx uvedenou x xxxx. 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, neprodleně x xxx xxxxxxx Xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxxx 2
Xxxxxxx státy xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x správní xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx souladu x xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx 18 měsíců xx xxxxxxxx této xxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx Komisi.
Xxxxxx 3
Xxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
X Bruselu xxx 26. xxxxxxxx 1979.
Xx Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxx
xxxx Xxxxxx
[1] Xx. věst. X 356, 27.12.1973, x. 71.
XXXXXXX I
ROZSAH XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXX K LIDSKÉ XXXXXXXX
PŘÍLOHA XX
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX X XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXX URČENÝCH X LIDSKÉ XXXXXXXX
XXXX
1. Xxxxxxxx vzorků k xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx se důkladně xxxxxxxx.
Xxx analýzu xx xx xxxxxx oddělí xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 200 x a okamžitě xxxxxxx xx xxxxx, xxxxx, vodotěsné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
Při xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx uváděny xxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx, které musí xxxxxxxxx zvláštním xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx xx destilovaná xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx činidla xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx jinak.
Pokud xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxx se x xxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
X xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx o zkoušce xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx průměrná xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx není xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx laboratorního xxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx platných číslic x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 1
STANOVENÍ XXXXXX HMOTNOSTI SUŠENÍM
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx
- v xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- v cukru xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sušením": xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
4.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx s přesností 0,1 mg.
4.2 Sušárna x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, umožňující xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxx xxxx působení xxxxxx x testovacím podmínkám, x xxxxxxxx nejméně 100 xx x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 30 xx.
4.4 Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx aktivovaným xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti.
5. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx v xxxxxx 5.3 xx 5.7 xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx po xxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxx.
5.1 Miska (4.3) xx vysuší xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx (4.2) xxx xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
5.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx dobu 30 xx 35 xxxxx a xxxx xx xxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xx misky xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 20 až 30 x vzorku x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.4 Miska xx xxxxx xx sušárny (4.2) x teplotě 103 ± 2 °X, xxx se xxxxxxx 3 hodiny.
5.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) a xxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.6 Xxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx xx 30 xxxxx do xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 103 ± 2 °X.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (4.4) x xxxxx se s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx. Pokud xx xxxxxx xxxx dvěma xxxxxxxx větší xxx 1 xx, xxxxxx xx opakuje. Xxxxx-xx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx nejnižší zaznamenaná xxxxxxx.
5.7 Xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxx být xxxxx než čtyři xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxxxxx výsledků
6.1 Xxxxxx x postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 je xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx (x),
x1 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx vysušení (x).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo rychle xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za totožných xxxxxxxx nesmí být xxxxx než 0,02 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 2
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX
Xxxxxx sušení ve xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
1. Předmět x oblast použití
Metoda xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx sirupu,
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx popsanou xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 70 ± 1 °X xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx sušením xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Křemelina: xxxxxxxx xx v Xüxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (1 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx o xxxxxxx 1,19 x/xx xx xxxx xxxx xxx 20 °X), xxxxx xxxxxxx nevykazuje xxxxxxxx kyselou xxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxx promývá xxxxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx hodnota xX xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx nad 4; xxx se xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx v xxxxxxx xxx 103 ± 2 °X x uloží xx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxx sušárna, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, vybavená xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx, xxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx tepla do xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx na xxxxxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxxx k xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx ze xxxxxxxx xxxxxx naplněné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx silikagelem nebo xxxxxxxxxxx vysoušedlem, x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti. Xxxx kolona xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx sériově xxxxxxxxx x pračkou xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xx vstup xxxxxxx xx sušárny.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x sušárně xxxx 3,3 kPa (34 xxxx) xxxx xxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx působení xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 100 xx x x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 300 xx.
5.5 Skleněná xxxxxxx o takové xxxxx, xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
5.6 Exsikátor x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
5.7 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Do xxxxxxx (5.4) xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (5.5) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 30 g křemeliny (4.1), vše vloží xx xx xxxxxxx (5.1) x teplotou 70 ± 1 °X a tlak xx sníží xxxxxxx xx 3,3 kPa (34 xxxx).
Xxxx xx xxx xxxx nejméně 5 hodin, xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx vzduchu xx sušárny xxxxxx xxxxxx proud xxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx dosažení xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v sušárně xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx x xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx přemístí xx xxxxxxxxxx (5.6), xxx xx nechá xxxxxxxxxxx, a xxx xx xxxxx.
6.3 Do xxxxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx xx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx naváží xxxxxxxxx 10 g xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx zředí 10 xx teplé xxxx a xxxxxx xx xxxxxx skleněné xxxxxxx (5.5) xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx vloží xx xxxxxxx x xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx). Xxxx se při 70 ± 1 °X, xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx nechá xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx proud suchého xxxxxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 20 xxxxx; x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti xx xxxxx xx konci xxxxxxx dne. Xx xxxxxxxx udržovat xxxxxx x chodu xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx proudit xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxx, aby xx během xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx 3,3 xXx (34 xxxx) xxxx nižší.
6.6 Atmosférického xxxxx v sušárně xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zvýšením přívodu xxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx x x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx, kde xx nechá xxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxx se xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx.
6.7 Xxxxxxx (6.5) se xxxxxxx po další 4 xxxxxx. X xxxxxxx se obnoví xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxx se xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx, xxx xxx xxxx dosaženo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Xx konstantní xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx výsledek, kdy xxxxxx mezi xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx misky xxxx xxxxx xxx 2 xx. X xxxxxxx případě xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 6.7.
6.8 Xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx vzorcích xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nebo x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx a xxxx xxxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
x0 = xx xxxxxxxxx hmotnost xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x1 = xx hmotnost xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx, skleněnou xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku po xxxxxx (x),
x2 = xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx tyčinkou (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí být xxxxx než 0,12 x na 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 3
STANOVENÍ XXXXXXX XXXXXX
(Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx a oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxxx obsah xxxxxx
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- v xxxxxx x invertního xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxx": xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx 20 °X x xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx převede xx xxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
4.1 Refraktometr x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx čtyři xxxxxxxxx xxxxx, vybavený teploměrem x xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx udržována termostatem xx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,5 °C.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx zdroj xxxxxxxxxxx xx sodíkové xxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxx xx vzorku xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx vzorku v xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x).
5.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.1) se xxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxx 20 °X.
6. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x jejich xxxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxx sušiny xx xxxxxxx x indexů xxxx pro xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx v xxxxxxxxxxxx vzorku xx x xxxxxxxx z xxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxx 1 % xxxxxxxxxx cukru hodnota 0,022.
6.2 Xxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 1:1 (x/x), musí se xxxxx vypočtené xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx pracovníkem xx totožných xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,2 x xxxxxx xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX
Xxxxxx xxxx (x) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx při 20 °X [1]
|
x (20 °X) |
Xxxxxxxxx (%) |
|
1,3330 |
0,009 |
|
1,3331 |
0,078 |
|
1,3332 |
0,149 |
|
1,3333 |
0,218 |
|
1,3334 |
0,288 |
|
1,3335 |
0,358 |
|
1,3336 |
0,428 |
|
1,3337 |
0,498 |
|
1,3338 |
0,567 |
|
1,3339 |
0,637 |
|
1,3340 |
0,707 |
|
1,3341 |
0,776 |
|
1,3342 |
0,846 |
|
1,3343 |
0,915 |
|
1,3344 |
0,985 |
|
1,3345 |
1,054 |
|
1,3346 |
1,124 |
|
1,3347 |
1,193 |
|
1,3348 |
1,263 |
|
1,3349 |
1,332 |
|
1,3350 |
1,401 |
|
1,3351 |
1,470 |
|
1,3352 |
1,540 |
|
1,3353 |
1,609 |
|
1,3354 |
1,678 |
|
1,3355 |
1,747 |
|
1,3356 |
1,816 |
|
1,3357 |
1,885 |
|
1,3358 |
1,954 |
|
1,3359 |
2,023 |
|
1,3360 |
2,092 |
|
1,3361 |
2,161 |
|
1,3362 |
2,230 |
|
1,3363 |
2,299 |
|
1,3364 |
2,367 |
|
1,3365 |
2,436 |
|
1,3366 |
2,505 |
|
1,3367 |
2,574 |
|
1,3368 |
2,642 |
|
1,3369 |
2,711 |
|
1,3370 |
2,779 |
|
1,3371 |
2,848 |
|
1,3372 |
2,917 |
|
1,3373 |
2,985 |
|
1,3374 |
3,053 |
|
1,3375 |
3,122 |
|
1,3376 |
3,190 |
|
1,3377 |
3,259 |
|
1,3378 |
3,327 |
|
1,3379 |
3,395 |
|
1,3380 |
3,463 |
|
1,3381 |
3,532 |
|
1,3382 |
3,600 |
|
1,3383 |
3,668 |
|
1,3384 |
3,736 |
|
1,3385 |
3,804 |
|
1,3386 |
3,872 |
|
1,3387 |
3,940 |
|
1,3388 |
4,008 |
|
1,3389 |
4,076 |
|
1,3390 |
4,144 |
|
1,3391 |
4,212 |
|
1,3392 |
4,279 |
|
1,3393 |
4,347 |
|
1,3394 |
4,415 |
|
1,3395 |
4,483 |
|
1,3396 |
4,550 |
|
1,3397 |
4,618 |
|
1,3398 |
4,686 |
|
1,3399 |
4,753 |
|
1,3400 |
4,821 |
|
1,3401 |
4,888 |
|
1,3402 |
4,956 |
|
1,3403 |
5,023 |
|
1,3404 |
5,091 |
|
1,3405 |
5,158 |
|
1,3406 |
5,225 |
|
1,3407 |
5,293 |
|
1,3408 |
5,360 |
|
1,3409 |
5,427 |
|
1,3410 |
5,494 |
|
1,3411 |
5,562 |
|
1,3412 |
5,629 |
|
1,3413 |
5,696 |
|
1,3414 |
5,763 |
|
1,3415 |
5,830 |
|
1,3416 |
5,897 |
|
1,3417 |
5,964 |
|
1,3418 |
6,031 |
|
1,3419 |
6,098 |
|
1,3420 |
6,165 |
|
1,3421 |
6,231 |
|
1,3422 |
6,298 |
|
1,3423 |
6,365 |
|
1,3424 |
6,432 |
|
1,3425 |
6,498 |
|
1,3426 |
6,565 |
|
1,3427 |
6,632 |
|
1,3428 |
6,698 |
|
1,3429 |
6,765 |
|
1,3430 |
6,831 |
|
1,3431 |
6,898 |
|
1,3432 |
6,964 |
|
1,3433 |
7,031 |
|
1,3434 |
7,097 |
|
1,3435 |
7,164 |
|
1,3436 |
7,230 |
|
1,3437 |
7,296 |
|
1,3438 |
7,362 |
|
1,3439 |
7,429 |
|
1,3440 |
7,495 |
|
1,3441 |
7,561 |
|
1,3442 |
7,627 |
|
1,3443 |
7,693 |
|
1,3444 |
7,759 |
|
1,3445 |
7,825 |
|
1,3446 |
7,891 |
|
1,3447 |
7,957 |
|
1,3448 |
8,023 |
|
1,3449 |
8,089 |
|
1,3450 |
8,155 |
|
1,3451 |
8,221 |
|
1,3452 |
8,287 |
|
1,3453 |
8,352 |
|
1,3454 |
8,418 |
|
1,3455 |
8,484 |
|
1,3456 |
8,550 |
|
1,3457 |
8,615 |
|
1&xxxx;3458 |
8,681 |
|
1,3459 |
8,746 |
|
1,3460 |
8,812 |
|
1,3461 |
8,878 |
|
1,3462 |
8,943 |
|
1,3463 |
9,008 |
|
1,3464 |
9,074 |
|
1,3465 |
9,139 |
|
1,3466 |
9,205 |
|
1,3467 |
9,270 |
|
1,3468 |
9,335 |
|
1,3469 |
9,400 |
|
1,3470 |
9,466 |
|
1,3471 |
9,531 |
|
1,3472 |
9,596 |
|
1,3473 |
9,661 |
|
1,3474 |
9,726 |
|
1,3475 |
9,791 |
|
1,3476 |
9,856 |
|
1,3477 |
9,921 |
|
1,3478 |
9,986 |
|
1,3479 |
10,051 |
|
1,3480 |
10,116 |
|
1,3481 |
10,181 |
|
1,3482 |
10,246 |
|
1,3483 |
10,311 |
|
1,3484 |
10,375 |
|
1,3485 |
10,440 |
|
1,3486 |
10,505 |
|
1,3487 |
10,570 |
|
1,3488 |
10,634 |
|
1,3489 |
10,699 |
|
1,3490 |
10,763 |
|
1,3491 |
10,828 |
|
1,3492 |
10,892 |
|
1,3493 |
10,957 |
|
1,3494 |
11,021 |
|
1,3495 |
11,086 |
|
1,3496 |
11,150 |
|
1,3497 |
11,215 |
|
1,3498 |
11,279 |
|
1,3499 |
11,343 |
|
1,3500 |
11,407 |
|
1,3501 |
11,472 |
|
1,3502 |
11,536 |
|
1,3503 |
11,600 |
|
1,3504 |
11,664 |
|
1,3505 |
11,728 |
|
1,3506 |
11,792 |
|
1,3507 |
11,856 |
|
1,3508 |
11,920 |
|
1,3509 |
11,984 |
|
1,3510 |
12,048 |
|
1,3511 |
12,112 |
|
1,3512 |
12,176 |
|
1,3513 |
12,240 |
|
1,3514 |
12,304 |
|
1,3515 |
12,368 |
|
1,3516 |
12,431 |
|
1,3517 |
12,495 |
|
1,3518 |
12,559 |
|
1,3519 |
12,623 |
|
1,3520 |
12,686 |
|
1,3521 |
12,750 |
|
1,3522 |
12,813 |
|
1,3523 |
12,877 |
|
1,3524 |
12,940 |
|
1,3525 |
13,004 |
|
1,3526 |
13,067 |
|
1,3527 |
13,131 |
|
1,3528 |
13,194 |
|
1,3529 |
13,258 |
|
1,3530 |
13,321 |
|
1,3531 |
13,384 |
|
1,3532 |
13,448 |
|
1,3533 |
13,511 |
|
1,3534 |
13,574 |
|
1,3535 |
13,637 |
|
1,3536 |
13,700 |
|
1,3537 |
13,763 |
|
1,3538 |
13,826 |
|
1,3539 |
13,890 |
|
1,3540 |
13,953 |
|
1,3541 |
14,016 |
|
1,3542 |
14,079 |
|
1,3543 |
14,141 |
|
1,3544 |
14,204 |
|
1,3545 |
14,267 |
|
1,3546 |
14,330 |
|
1,3547 |
14,393 |
|
1,3548 |
14,456 |
|
1,3549 |
14,518 |
|
1,3550 |
14,581 |
|
1,3551 |
14,644 |
|
1,3552 |
14,707 |
|
1,3553 |
14,769 |
|
1,3554 |
14,832 |
|
1,3555 |
14,894 |
|
1,3556 |
14,957 |
|
1,3557 |
15,019 |
|
1,3558 |
15,082 |
|
1,3559 |
15,144 |
|
1,3560 |
15,207 |
|
1,3561 |
15,269 |
|
1,3562 |
15,332 |
|
1,3563 |
15,394 |
|
1,3564 |
15,456 |
|
1,3565 |
15,518 |
|
1,3566 |
15,581 |
|
1,3567 |
15,643 |
|
1,3568 |
15,705 |
|
1,3569 |
15,767 |
|
1,3570 |
15,829 |
|
1,3571 |
15,891 |
|
1,3572 |
15,953 |
|
1,3573 |
16,016 |
|
1,3574 |
16,078 |
|
1,3575 |
16,140 |
|
1,3576 |
16,201 |
|
1,3577 |
16,263 |
|
1,3578 |
16,325 |
|
1,3579 |
16,387 |
|
1,3580 |
16,449 |
|
1,3581 |
16,511 |
|
1,3582 |
16,573 |
|
1,3583 |
16,634 |
|
1,3584 |
16,696 |
|
1,3585 |
16,758 |
|
1,3586 |
16,819 |
|
1,3587 |
16,881 |
|
1,3588 |
16,943 |
|
1,3389 |
17,004 |
|
1,3590 |
17,066 |
|
1,3591 |
17,127 |
|
1,3592 |
17,189 |
|
1,3593 |
17,250 |
|
1,3594 |
17,311 |
|
1,3595 |
17,373 |
|
1,3596 |
17,434 |
|
1,3597 |
17,496 |
|
1,3598 |
17,557 |
|
1,3599 |
17,618 |
|
1,3600 |
17,679 |
|
1,3601 |
17,741 |
|
1,3602 |
17,802 |
|
1,3603 |
17,863 |
|
1,3604 |
17,924 |
|
1,3605 |
17,985 |
|
1,3606 |
18,046 |
|
1,3607 |
18,107 |
|
1,3608 |
18,168 |
|
1,3609 |
18,229 |
|
1,3610 |
18,290 |
|
1,3610 |
18,351 |
|
1,3611 |
18,412 |
|
1,3613 |
18,473 |
|
1,3614 |
18,534 |
|
1,3615 |
18,595 |
|
1,3616 |
18,655 |
|
1,3617 |
18,716 |
|
1,3618 |
18,777 |
|
1,3619 |
18,837 |
|
1,3620 |
18,898 |
|
1,3621 |
18,959 |
|
1,3622 |
19,019 |
|
1,3623 |
19,080 |
|
1,3624 |
19,141 |
|
1,3625 |
19,201 |
|
1,3626 |
19,262 |
|
1,3627 |
19,322 |
|
1,3628 |
19,382 |
|
1,3629 |
19,443 |
|
1,3630 |
19,503 |
|
1,3631 |
19,564 |
|
1,3632 |
19,624 |
|
1,3633 |
19,684 |
|
1,3634 |
19,745 |
|
1,3635 |
19,805 |
|
1,3636 |
19,865 |
|
1,3637 |
19,925 |
|
1,3638 |
19,985 |
|
1,3639 |
20,045 |
|
1,3640 |
20,106 |
|
1.3641 |
20,166 |
|
1,3642 |
20,226 |
|
1,3643 |
20,286 |
|
1,3644 |
20,346 |
|
1,3645 |
20,406 |
|
1,3646 |
20,466 |
|
1,3647 |
20,525 |
|
1,3648 |
20,585 |
|
1,3649 |
20,645 |
|
1,3650 |
20,705 |
|
1,3651 |
20,765 |
|
1,3652 |
20,825 |
|
1,3653 |
20,884 |
|
1,3654 |
20,944 |
|
1,3655 |
21,004 |
|
1,3656 |
21,063 |
|
1,3657 |
21,123 |
|
1,3658 |
21,183 |
|
1,3659 |
21,242 |
|
1,3660 |
21,302 |
|
1,3661 |
21,361 |
|
1,3662 |
21,421 |
|
1,3563 |
21,480 |
|
1,3664 |
21,540 |
|
1,3665 |
21,599 |
|
1,3666 |
21,658 |
|
1,3667 |
21,718 |
|
1,3668 |
21,777 |
|
1,3669 |
21,836 |
|
1,3670 |
21,896 |
|
1,3671 |
21,955 |
|
1,3672 |
22,014 |
|
1,1673 |
22,073 |
|
1,3674 |
22,132 |
|
1,3675 |
22,192 |
|
1,3676 |
22,251 |
|
1,1677 |
22,310 |
|
1,3678 |
22,369 |
|
1,3679 |
22,428 |
|
1,3680 |
22,487 |
|
1,3681 |
22,546 |
|
1,3682 |
22,605 |
|
1,3683 |
22,664 |
|
1,3684 |
22,723 |
|
1,3685 |
22,781 |
|
1,3686 |
22,840 |
|
1,3687 |
22,899 |
|
1,3688 |
22,958 |
|
1,3689 |
23,017 |
|
1,3690 |
23,075 |
|
1,3691 |
23,134 |
|
1,3692 |
23,193 |
|
1,3693 |
23,251 |
|
1,3694 |
23,310 |
|
1,3695 |
23,369 |
|
1,3696 |
23,427 |
|
1,3697 |
23,486 |
|
1,3698 |
23,544 |
|
1,3699 |
23,603 |
|
1,3700 |
23,661 |
|
1,3701 |
23,720 |
|
1,3702 |
23,778 |
|
1,3703 |
23,836 |
|
1,3704 |
23,895 |
|
1,3705 |
23,953 |
|
1,3706 |
24,011 |
|
1,3707 |
24,070 |
|
1,3708 |
24,128 |
|
1,3709 |
24,186 |
|
1,3710 |
24,244 |
|
1,3711 |
24,302 |
|
1,3712 |
24,361 |
|
1,3713 |
24,419 |
|
1,3714 |
24,477 |
|
1,3715 |
24,535 |
|
1,3716 |
24,593 |
|
1,3717 |
24,651 |
|
1,3718 |
24,709 |
|
1,3719 |
24,767 |
|
1,3720 |
24,825 |
|
1,3721 |
24,883 |
|
1,3722 |
24,941 |
|
1,3723 |
24,998 |
|
1,3724 |
25,056 |
|
1,3725 |
25,114 |
|
1,3726 |
25,172 |
|
1,3727 |
25,230 |
|
1,3728 |
25287 |
|
1,3729 |
25,345 |
|
1,3730 |
25,403 |
|
1,3731 |
25,460 |
|
1,3732 |
25,518 |
|
1,3733 |
25,576 |
|
1,3734 |
25,633 |
|
1,3735 |
25,691 |
|
1,3736 |
25,748 |
|
1,3737 |
25,806 |
|
1,3738 |
25,863 |
|
1,3739 |
25,921 |
|
1,3740 |
25,978 |
|
1,3741 |
26,035 |
|
1,3742 |
26,093 |
|
1,3743 |
26,150 |
|
1,3744 |
26,207 |
|
1,3745 |
26,265 |
|
1,3746 |
26,322 |
|
1,3747 |
26,379 |
|
1,3748 |
26,436 |
|
1,3749 |
26,493 |
|
1,3750 |
26,551 |
|
1,3751 |
26,608 |
|
1,3752 |
26,665 |
|
1,3753 |
26,722 |
|
1,3754 |
26,779 |
|
1,3755 |
26,836 |
|
1,3756 |
26,893 |
|
1,3757 |
26,950 |
|
1,3758 |
27,007 |
|
1,3759 |
27,064 |
|
1,3760 |
27,121 |
|
1,3761 |
27,178 |
|
1,3762 |
27,234 |
|
1,3763 |
27,291 |
|
1,3764 |
27,348 |
|
1,3765 |
27,405 |
|
1,3765 |
27,462 |
|
1,3767 |
27,518 |
|
1,3768 |
27,575 |
|
1,3769 |
27,632 |
|
1,3770 |
27,688 |
|
1,3771 |
27,745 |
|
1,3772 |
27,802 |
|
1,3773 |
27,858 |
|
1,3774 |
27,915 |
|
1,3775 |
27,971 |
|
1,3776 |
28,028 |
|
1,3777 |
28,084 |
|
1,3778 |
28,141 |
|
1,3779 |
28,197 |
|
1,3780 |
28,253 |
|
1,3781 |
28,310 |
|
1,3782 |
28,366 |
|
1,3783 |
28,422 |
|
1,3784 |
28,479 |
|
1,3785 |
28,535 |
|
1,3786 |
28,591 |
|
1,3787 |
28,648 |
|
1,3788 |
28,704 |
|
1,3789 |
28,760 |
|
1,3790 |
28,816 |
|
1,3791 |
28,872 |
|
1,3792 |
28,928 |
|
1,3793 |
28,984 |
|
1,3794 |
29,040 |
|
1,3795 |
29,096 |
|
1,3796 |
29,152 |
|
1,3797 |
29,208 |
|
1,3798 |
29,264 |
|
1,3799 |
29,320 |
|
1,3800 |
29,376 |
|
1,3801 |
29,432 |
|
1,3802 |
29,488 |
|
1,3803 |
29,544 |
|
1,3804 |
29,600 |
|
1,3805 |
29,655 |
|
1,3806 |
29,711 |
|
1,3807 |
29,767 |
|
1,3808 |
29,823 |
|
1,3809 |
29,878 |
|
1,3810 |
29,934 |
|
1,3811 |
29,989 |
|
1,3812 |
30,045 |
|
1,3813 |
30,101 |
|
1,3814 |
30,156 |
|
1,3815 |
30,212 |
|
1,3816 |
30,267 |
|
1,3817 |
30,323 |
|
1,3818 |
30,378 |
|
1,3819 |
30,434 |
|
1,3820 |
30,489 |
|
1,3821 |
30,544 |
|
1,3822 |
30,600 |
|
1,3823 |
30,655 |
|
1,3824 |
30,711 |
|
1,3825 |
30,766 |
|
1,3826 |
30,821 |
|
1,3827 |
30,876 |
|
1,3828 |
30,932 |
|
1,3829 |
30,987 |
|
1,3830 |
31,042 |
|
1,3831 |
31,097 |
|
1,3832 |
31,152 |
|
1,3833 |
31,207 |
|
1,3834 |
31,262 |
|
1,3835 |
31,317 |
|
1,3836 |
31,372 |
|
1,3837 |
31,428 |
|
1,3838 |
31,482 |
|
1,3839 |
31,537 |
|
1,3840 |
31,592 |
|
1,3841 |
31,647 |
|
1,3842 |
31,702 |
|
1,3843 |
31,757 |
|
1,3844 |
31,812 |
|
1,3845 |
31,867 |
|
1,3846 |
31,922 |
|
1,3847 |
31,976 |
|
1,3848 |
32,031 |
|
1,3849 |
32,086 |
|
1,3850 |
32,140 |
|
1,3851 |
32,195 |
|
1,3852 |
32,250 |
|
1,3853 |
32,304 |
|
1,3854 |
32,359 |
|
1,3855 |
32,414 |
|
1,3856 |
32,468 |
|
1,3857 |
32,523 |
|
1,3858 |
32,577 |
|
1,3859 |
32,632 |
|
1,3860 |
32,686 |
|
1,3861 |
32,741 |
|
1,3862 |
32,795 |
|
1,3863 |
32,849 |
|
1,3864 |
32,904 |
|
1,3865 |
32,958 |
|
1,3866 |
33,013 |
|
1,3867 |
33,067 |
|
1,3868 |
33,121 |
|
1,3889 |
33,175 |
|
1,3870 |
33,230 |
|
1,3871 |
33,284 |
|
1,3872 |
33,338 |
|
1,3873 |
33,392 |
|
1,3874 |
33,446 |
|
1,3875 |
33,500 |
|
1,3876 |
33,555 |
|
1,3877 |
33,609 |
|
1,3878 |
33,663 |
|
1,3879 |
33,717 |
|
1,3880 |
33,771 |
|
1,3881 |
33,825 |
|
1,3882 |
33,879 |
|
1,3883 |
33,933 |
|
1,3884 |
33,987 |
|
1,3885 |
34,040 |
|
1,3886 |
34,094 |
|
1,3887 |
34,148 |
|
1,3888 |
34,202 |
|
1,3889 |
34,256 |
|
1,3890 |
34,310 |
|
1,3891 |
34,363 |
|
1,3892 |
34,417 |
|
1,3893 |
34,471 |
|
1,3894 |
34,524 |
|
1,3895 |
34,578 |
|
1,3896 |
34,632 |
|
1,3897 |
34,685 |
|
1,3898 |
34,739 |
|
1,3899 |
34,793 |
|
1,3900 |
34,846 |
|
1,3901 |
34,900 |
|
1,3902 |
34,953 |
|
1,3903 |
35,007 |
|
1,3904 |
35,060 |
|
1,3905 |
35,114 |
|
1,3906 |
35,167 |
|
1,3907 |
35,220 |
|
1,3908 |
35,274 |
|
1,3909 |
35,327 |
|
1,3910 |
35,380 |
|
1,3911 |
35,434 |
|
1,3912 |
35,487 |
|
1,3913 |
35,540 |
|
1,3914 |
35,593 |
|
1,3915 |
35,647 |
|
1,3916 |
35,700 |
|
1,3917 |
35,753 |
|
1,3918 |
35,806 |
|
1,3919 |
35,859 |
|
1,3920 |
35,912 |
|
1,3921 |
35,966 |
|
1,3922 |
36,019 |
|
1,3923 |
36,072 |
|
1,3924 |
36,125 |
|
1,3925 |
36,178 |
|
1,3926 |
36,231 |
|
1,3927 |
36,284 |
|
1,3928 |
36,337 |
|
1,3929 |
36,389 |
|
1,3930 |
36,442 |
|
1,3931 |
36,495 |
|
1,3932 |
36,548 |
|
1,3933 |
36,601 |
|
1,3934 |
36,654 |
|
1,3935 |
36,706 |
|
1,3936 |
36,759 |
|
1,3937 |
36,812 |
|
1,3938 |
36,865 |
|
1,3939 |
36,917 |
|
1,3940 |
36,970 |
|
1,3941 |
37,023 |
|
1,3942 |
37,075 |
|
1,3943 |
37,128 |
|
1,3944 |
37,180 |
|
1,3945 |
37,233 |
|
1,3946 |
37,286 |
|
1,3947 |
37,338 |
|
1,3948 |
37,391 |
|
1,3949 |
37,443 |
|
1,3950 |
37,495 |
|
1,3951 |
37,548 |
|
1,3952 |
37,600 |
|
1,3953 |
37,653 |
|
1,3954 |
37,705 |
|
1,3955 |
37,757 |
|
1,3956 |
37,810 |
|
1,3957 |
37,862 |
|
1,3958 |
37,914 |
|
1,3959 |
37,967 |
|
1,3960 |
38,019 |
|
1,3961 |
38,071 |
|
1,3962 |
38,123 |
|
1,3963 |
38,175 |
|
1,3964 |
38,228 |
|
1,3965 |
38,280 |
|
1,3966 |
38,332 |
|
1,3967 |
38,384 |
|
1,3968 |
38,436 |
|
1,3969 |
38,488 |
|
1,3970 |
38,540 |
|
1,3971 |
38,592 |
|
1,3972 |
38,644 |
|
1,3973 |
38,696 |
|
1,3974 |
38,748 |
|
1,3975 |
38,800 |
|
1,3976 |
38,852 |
|
1,3977 |
38,904 |
|
1,3978 |
38,955 |
|
1,3979 |
39,007 |
|
1,3980 |
39,059 |
|
1,3981 |
39,111 |
|
1,3982 |
39,163 |
|
1,3983 |
39,214 |
|
1,3984 |
39,266 |
|
1,3985 |
39,318 |
|
1,3986 |
39,370 |
|
1,3987 |
39,421 |
|
1,3988 |
39,473 |
|
1,3989 |
39,525 |
|
1,3990 |
39,576 |
|
1,3991 |
39,628 |
|
1,3992 |
39,679 |
|
1,3993 |
39,731 |
|
1,3994 |
39,782 |
|
1,3995 |
39,834 |
|
1,3996 |
39,885 |
|
1,3997 |
39,937 |
|
1,3998 |
39,988 |
|
1,3999 |
40,040 |
|
1,4000 |
40,091 |
|
1,4001 |
40,142 |
|
1,4002 |
40,194 |
|
1,4003 |
40,245 |
|
1,4004 |
40,296 |
|
1,4005 |
40,348 |
|
1,4006 |
40,399 |
|
1,4007 |
40,450 |
|
1,4008 |
40,501 |
|
1,4009 |
40,553 |
|
1,4010 |
40,604 |
|
1,4011 |
40,655 |
|
1,4012 |
40,706 |
|
1,4013 |
40,757 |
|
1,4014 |
40,808 |
|
1,4015 |
40,860 |
|
1,4016 |
40,911 |
|
1,4017 |
40,962 |
|
1,4018 |
41,013 |
|
1,4019 |
41,064 |
|
1,4020 |
41,115 |
|
1,4021 |
41,166 |
|
1,4022 |
41,217 |
|
1,4023 |
41,268 |
|
1,4024 |
41,318 |
|
1,4025 |
41,369 |
|
1,4026 |
41,420 |
|
1,4027 |
41,471 |
|
1,4028 |
41,522 |
|
1,4029 |
41,573 |
|
1,4030 |
41,623 |
|
1,4031 |
41,674 |
|
1,4032 |
41,725 |
|
1,4033 |
41,776 |
|
1,4034 |
41,826 |
|
1,4035 |
41,877 |
|
1,4036 |
41,928 |
|
1,4037 |
41,978 |
|
1,4038 |
42,029 |
|
1,4039 |
42,080 |
|
1,4040 |
42,130 |
|
1,4041 |
42,181 |
|
1,4042 |
42,231 |
|
1,4043 |
42,282 |
|
1,4044 |
42,332 |
|
1,4045 |
42,383 |
|
1,4046 |
42,433 |
|
1,4047 |
42,484 |
|
1,4048 |
42,534 |
|
1,4049 |
42,585 |
|
1,4050 |
42,635 |
|
1,4051 |
42,685 |
|
1,4052 |
42,736 |
|
1,4053 |
42,786 |
|
1,4054 |
42,836 |
|
1,4055 |
42,887 |
|
1,4056 |
42,937 |
|
1,4057 |
42,987 |
|
1,4058 |
43,037 |
|
1,4059 |
43,088 |
|
1,4060 |
43,138 |
|
1,4061 |
43,188 |
|
1,4062 |
43,238 |
|
1,4063 |
43,288 |
|
1,4064 |
43,338 |
|
1,4065 |
43,388 |
|
1,4066 |
43,439 |
|
1,4067 |
43,489 |
|
1,4068 |
43,539 |
|
1,4069 |
43,589 |
|
1,4070 |
43,639 |
|
1,4071 |
43,689 |
|
1,4072 |
43739 |
|
1,4073 |
43,789 |
|
1,4074 |
43,838 |
|
1,4075 |
43,888 |
|
1,4076 |
43,938 |
|
1,4077 |
43,988 |
|
1,4078 |
44,038 |
|
1,4079 |
44,088 |
|
1,4080 |
44,138 |
|
1,4081 |
44,187 |
|
1,4082 |
44,237 |
|
1,4083 |
44,287 |
|
1,4084 |
44,337 |
|
1,4085 |
44,386 |
|
1,4086 |
44,436 |
|
1,4087 |
44,486 |
|
1,4088 |
44,535 |
|
1,4089 |
44,585 |
|
1,4090 |
44,635 |
|
1,4091 |
44,684 |
|
1,4092 |
44,734 |
|
1,4093 |
44,783 |
|
1,4094 |
44,833 |
|
1,4095 |
44,882 |
|
1,4096 |
44,932 |
|
1,4097 |
44,981 |
|
1,4098 |
45,031 |
|
1,4099 |
45,080 |
|
1,4100 |
45,130 |
|
1,4101 |
43,179 |
|
1,4102 |
45,228 |
|
1,4103 |
45,278 |
|
1,4104 |
45,327 |
|
1,4105 |
45,376 |
|
1,4106 |
45,426 |
|
1,4107 |
45,475 |
|
1,4108 |
45,524 |
|
1,4109 |
45,574 |
|
1,4110 |
45,623 |
|
1,4111 |
45,672 |
|
1,4112 |
45,721 |
|
1,4113 |
45,770 |
|
1,4114 |
45,820 |
|
1,4115 |
45,869 |
|
1,4116 |
45,918 |
|
1,4117 |
46,967 |
|
1,4118 |
46,016 |
|
1,4119 |
46,065 |
|
1,4120 |
46,114 |
|
1,4121 |
46,163 |
|
1,4122 |
46,212 |
|
1,4123 |
46,261 |
|
1,4124 |
46,310 |
|
1,4125 |
46,359 |
|
1,4126 |
46,408 |
|
1,4127 |
46,457 |
|
1,4128 |
46,506 |
|
1,4129 |
46,555 |
|
1,4130 |
46,604 |
|
1,4131 |
46,652 |
|
1,4132 |
46,701 |
|
1,4133 |
46,750 |
|
1,4134 |
46,799 |
|
1,4135 |
46,848 |
|
1,4136 |
46,896 |
|
1,4137 |
46,945 |
|
1,4138 |
46,994 |
|
1,4139 |
47,043 |
|
1,4140 |
47,091 |
|
1,4141 |
47,140 |
|
1,4141 |
47,188 |
|
1,4143 |
47,237 |
|
1,4144 |
47,286 |
|
1,4145 |
47,334 |
|
1,4146 |
47,383 |
|
1,4147 |
47,431 |
|
1,4148 |
47,480 |
|
1,4149 |
47,528 |
|
1,4150 |
47,577 |
|
1,4151 |
47,625 |
|
1,4152 |
47,674 |
|
1,4153 |
47,722 |
|
1,4154 |
47,771 |
|
1,4155 |
47,819 |
|
1,4156 |
47,868 |
|
1,4157 |
47,916 |
|
1,4158 |
47,964 |
|
1,4159 |
48,013 |
|
1,4160 |
48,061 |
|
1,4161 |
48,109 |
|
1,4162 |
48,158 |
|
1,4163 |
48,206 |
|
1,4164 |
48,254 |
|
1,4165 |
48,302 |
|
1,4166 |
48,350 |
|
1,4167 |
48,399 |
|
1,4168 |
48,447 |
|
1,4169 |
48,495 |
|
1,4170 |
48,543 |
|
1,4171 |
48,591 |
|
1,4172 |
48,639 |
|
1,4173 |
48,687 |
|
1,4174 |
48,735 |
|
1,4175 |
48,784 |
|
1,4176 |
48,832 |
|
1,4177 |
48,880 |
|
1,4178 |
48,928 |
|
1,4179 |
48,976 |
|
1,4180 |
49,023 |
|
1,4181 |
49,071 |
|
1,4182 |
49,119 |
|
1,4183 |
49,167 |
|
1,4184 |
49,215 |
|
1,4185 |
49,263 |
|
1,4186 |
49,311 |
|
1,4187 |
49,359 |
|
1,4188 |
49,407 |
|
1,4189 |
49,454 |
|
1,4190 |
49,502 |
|
1,4191 |
49,550 |
|
1,4192 |
49,598 |
|
1,4193 |
49,645 |
|
1,4194 |
49,693 |
|
1,4195 |
49,741 |
|
1,4196 |
49,788 |
|
1,4197 |
49,836 |
|
1,4198 |
49,884 |
|
1,4199 |
49,931 |
|
1,4200 |
49,979 |
|
1,4201 |
50,027 |
|
1,4202 |
50,074 |
|
1,4203 |
50,122 |
|
1,4204 |
50,169 |
|
1,4205 |
50,217 |
|
1,4206 |
50,264 |
|
1,4207 |
50,312 |
|
1,4208 |
50,359 |
|
1,4209 |
50,407 |
|
1,4210 |
50,454 |
|
1,4211 |
50,502 |
|
1,4212 |
50,549 |
|
1,4213 |
50,596 |
|
1,4214 |
50,644 |
|
1,4215 |
50,691 |
|
1,4216 |
50,738 |
|
1,4217 |
50,786 |
|
1,4218 |
50,833 |
|
1,4219 |
50,880 |
|
1,4220 |
50,928 |
|
1,4221 |
50,975 |
|
1,4222 |
51,022 |
|
1,4223 |
51,069 |
|
1,4224 |
51,116 |
|
1,4225 |
51,164 |
|
1,4226 |
51,211 |
|
1,4227 |
51,258 |
|
1,4228 |
51305 |
|
1,4229 |
51,352 |
|
1,4230 |
51,399 |
|
1,4231 |
51,446 |
|
1,4232 |
51,493 |
|
1,4233 |
51,540 |
|
1,4234 |
51,587 |
|
1,4235 |
51,634 |
|
1,4236 |
51,681 |
|
1,4237 |
51,728 |
|
1,4238 |
51,775 |
|
1,4239 |
51,822 |
|
1,4240 |
51,869 |
|
1,4241 |
51,916 |
|
1,4242 |
51,963 |
|
1,4243 |
52,010 |
|
1,4244 |
52,057 |
|
1,4245 |
52,104 |
|
1,4246 |
52,150 |
|
1,4247 |
52,197 |
|
1,4248 |
52,244 |
|
1,4249 |
52,291 |
|
1,4250 |
52,338 |
|
1,4251 |
52,384 |
|
1,4252 |
52,431 |
|
1,4253 |
52,478 |
|
1,4254 |
52,524 |
|
1,4255 |
52,571 |
|
1,4256 |
52,618 |
|
1,4257 |
52,664 |
|
1,4258 |
52,711 |
|
1,4259 |
52,758 |
|
1,4260 |
52,804 |
|
1,4261 |
52,851 |
|
1,4261 |
52,897 |
|
1,4263 |
52,944 |
|
1,4264 |
52,990 |
|
1,4265 |
53,037 |
|
1,4266 |
53,083 |
|
1,4267 |
53,130 |
|
1,4268 |
53,176 |
|
1,4269 |
53,223 |
|
1,4270 |
53,269 |
|
1,4271 |
53,316 |
|
1,4272 |
53,362 |
|
1,4273 |
53,408 |
|
1,4274 |
53,455 |
|
1,4275 |
53,501 |
|
1,4276 |
53,548 |
|
1,4277 |
53,594 |
|
1,4278 |
53,640 |
|
1,4279 |
53,686 |
|
1,4280 |
53,733 |
|
1,4281 |
53,779 |
|
1,4282 |
53,825 |
|
1,4283 |
53,871 |
|
1,4284 |
53,918 |
|
1,4285 |
53,964 |
|
1,4286 |
54,010 |
|
1,4287 |
54,056 |
|
1,4288 |
54,102 |
|
1,4289 |
54,148 |
|
1,4290 |
54,194 |
|
1,4291 |
54,241 |
|
1,4292 |
54,287 |
|
1,4293 |
54,333 |
|
1,4294 |
54,379 |
|
1,4295 |
54,425 |
|
1,4296 |
54,471 |
|
1,4297 |
54,517 |
|
1,4298 |
54,563 |
|
1,4299 |
54,609 |
|
1,4300 |
54,655 |
|
1,4301 |
54,701 |
|
1,4302 |
54,746 |
|
1,4303 |
54,792 |
|
1,4304 |
54,838 |
|
1,4305 |
54,884 |
|
1,4306 |
54,930 |
|
1,4307 |
54,976 |
|
1,4308 |
55,022 |
|
1,4309 |
55067 |
|
1,4310 |
55,113 |
|
1,4311 |
55,159 |
|
1,4312 |
55,205 |
|
1,4313 |
55,250 |
|
1,4314 |
55,296 |
|
1,4315 |
55,342 |
|
1,4316 |
55,388 |
|
1,4317 |
55,433 |
|
1,4318 |
55,479 |
|
1,4319 |
55,524 |
|
1,4320 |
55,570 |
|
1,4321 |
55,616 |
|
1,4322 |
55,661 |
|
1,4323 |
55,707 |
|
1,4324 |
55,752 |
|
1,4325 |
55,798 |
|
1,4326 |
55,844 |
|
1,4327 |
55,889 |
|
1,4328 |
55,935 |
|
1,4329 |
55,980 |
|
1,4330 |
56,026 |
|
1,4331 |
56,071 |
|
1,4332 |
56,116 |
|
1,4133 |
56,162 |
|
1,4334 |
56,207 |
|
1,4335 |
56,253 |
|
1,4336 |
56,298 |
|
1,4337 |
56,343 |
|
1,4338 |
56,389 |
|
1,4339 |
56,434 |
|
1,4340 |
56,479 |
|
1,4341 |
56,525 |
|
1,4342 |
56,570 |
|
1,4343 |
56,615 |
|
1,4344 |
56,660 |
|
1,4345 |
56,706 |
|
1,4346 |
56,751 |
|
1,4347 |
56,796 |
|
1,4348 |
56,841 |
|
1,4349 |
56,887 |
|
1,4350 |
56,932 |
|
1,4351 |
56,977 |
|
1,4352 |
57,022 |
|
1,4353 |
57,067 |
|
1,4354 |
57,112 |
|
1,4355 |
57,157 |
|
1,4356 |
57,202 |
|
1,4357 |
57,247 |
|
14358 |
57,292 |
|
1,4359 |
57,337 |
|
1,4360 |
57,382 |
|
1,4361 |
57,427 |
|
1,4362 |
57,472 |
|
1,4363 |
57,517 |
|
1,4364 |
57,562 |
|
1,4365 |
57,607 |
|
1,4366 |
57,652 |
|
1,4367 |
57,697 |
|
1,4368 |
57,742 |
|
1,4369 |
57,787 |
|
1,4370 |
57,832 |
|
1,4371 |
57,877 |
|
1,4372 |
57,921 |
|
1,4373 |
57,966 |
|
1,4374 |
58,011 |
|
1,4375 |
58,056 |
|
1,4376 |
58,101 |
|
1,4377 |
58,145 |
|
1,4378 |
58,190 |
|
1,4379 |
58,235 |
|
1,4380 |
58,279 |
|
1,4381 |
58,324 |
|
1,4382 |
58,369 |
|
1,4383 |
58,413 |
|
1,4384 |
53,458 |
|
1,4385 |
58,503 |
|
1,4386 |
58,547 |
|
1,4387 |
58,592 |
|
1,4388 |
58,637 |
|
1,4389 |
58,681 |
|
1,4390 |
58,726 |
|
1,4391 |
58,770 |
|
1,4392 |
58,815 |
|
1,4393 |
58,859 |
|
1,4394 |
58,904 |
|
1,4395 |
58,948 |
|
1,4396 |
58,993 |
|
1,4397 |
59,037 |
|
1,4398 |
59,082 |
|
1,4399 |
59,126 |
|
1,4400 |
59,170 |
|
1,4401 |
59,215 |
|
1,4402 |
59,259 |
|
1,4403 |
59,304 |
|
1,4404 |
59,348 |
|
1,4405 |
59,392 |
|
1,4406 |
59,437 |
|
1,4407 |
59,481 |
|
1,4408 |
59,525 |
|
1,4409 |
59,569 |
|
1,4410 |
59,614 |
|
1,4411 |
59,658 |
|
1,4412 |
59,702 |
|
1,4413 |
59,746 |
|
1,4414 |
59,791 |
|
1,4415 |
59,835 |
|
1,4416 |
59,879 |
|
1,4417 |
59,923 |
|
1,4418 |
59,967 |
|
1,4419 |
60,011 |
|
1,4420 |
60,056 |
|
1,4421 |
60,100 |
|
1,4422 |
60,144 |
|
1,4423 |
60,188 |
|
1,4424 |
60,232 |
|
1,4425 |
60,276 |
|
1,4426 |
60,320 |
|
1,4427 |
60,364 |
|
1,4428 |
60,408 |
|
1,4429 |
60,452 |
|
1,4430 |
60,496 |
|
1,4431 |
60,540 |
|
1,4432 |
60,584 |
|
1,4433 |
60,628 |
|
1,4434 |
60,672 |
|
1,4435 |
60,716 |
|
1,4436 |
60,759 |
|
1,4437 |
60,803 |
|
1,4438 |
60,847 |
|
1,4439 |
60,891 |
|
1,4440 |
60,935 |
|
1,4441 |
60,979 |
|
1,4442 |
61,023 |
|
1,4443 |
61,066 |
|
1,4444 |
61,110 |
|
1,4445 |
61,154 |
|
1,4446 |
61,198 |
|
1,4447 |
61,241 |
|
1,4448 |
61,285 |
|
1,4449 |
61,329 |
|
1,4450 |
61,372 |
|
1,4451 |
61,416 |
|
1,4452 |
61,460 |
|
1,4453 |
61,503 |
|
1,4454 |
61,547 |
|
1,4455 |
61,591 |
|
1,4456 |
61,634 |
|
1,4457 |
61,678 |
|
1,4458 |
61,721 |
|
1,4459 |
61,765 |
|
1,4460 |
61,809 |
|
1,4461 |
61,852 |
|
1,4462 |
61,896 |
|
1,4463 |
61,939 |
|
1,4464 |
62,983 |
|
1,4465 |
62,026 |
|
1,4466 |
62,070 |
|
1,4467 |
62,113 |
|
1,4468 |
62,156 |
|
1,4469 |
62,200 |
|
1,4470 |
62,243 |
|
1,4471 |
62,287 |
|
1,4472 |
62,330 |
|
1,4473 |
62,373 |
|
1,4474 |
62,417 |
|
1,4475 |
62,460 |
|
1,4476 |
62,503 |
|
1,4477 |
62,547 |
|
1,4478 |
62,590 |
|
14479 |
62,633 |
|
1,4480 |
62,677 |
|
1,4481 |
62,720 |
|
1,4482 |
62,763 |
|
1,4483 |
62,806 |
|
1,4184 |
62,849 |
|
1,4485 |
62,893 |
|
1,4486 |
62,936 |
|
1,4487 |
62,979 |
|
1,4488 |
63,022 |
|
1,4489 |
63,065 |
|
1,4490 |
63,108 |
|
1,4491 |
63,152 |
|
1,4492 |
63,195 |
|
1,4493 |
63,238 |
|
1,4494 |
63,281 |
|
1,4495 |
63,324 |
|
1,4496 |
63,367 |
|
1,4497 |
63,410 |
|
1,4498 |
63,453 |
|
1,4499 |
63,496 |
|
1,4500 |
63,539 |
|
1,4501 |
63,582 |
|
1,4502 |
63,625 |
|
1,4503 |
63,668 |
|
1,4304 |
63,711 |
|
1,4505 |
63,754 |
|
1,4506 |
63,797 |
|
1,4507 |
63,840 |
|
1,4508 |
63,882 |
|
1,4509 |
63,925 |
|
1,4510 |
63,968 |
|
1,4511 |
64,011 |
|
1,4512 |
64,054 |
|
1,4513 |
64,097 |
|
1,4514 |
64,139 |
|
1,4515 |
64,182 |
|
1,4516 |
64,225 |
|
1,4517 |
64,268 |
|
1,4518 |
64,311 |
|
1,4519 |
64,353 |
|
1,4520 |
64,396 |
|
1,4521 |
64,439 |
|
1,4522 |
64,481 |
|
1,4523 |
64,524 |
|
1,4524 |
64,567 |
|
1,4525 |
64,609 |
|
1,4526 |
64,652 |
|
1,4527 |
64,695 |
|
1,4528 |
64,737 |
|
1,4529 |
64,780 |
|
1,4530 |
64,823 |
|
1,4531 |
64,865 |
|
1,4532 |
64,908 |
|
1,4533 |
64,950 |
|
1,4534 |
64,993 |
|
1,4535 |
65,035 |
|
1,4536 |
65,078 |
|
1,4537 |
65,120 |
|
1,4538 |
65,163 |
|
1,4539 |
65,205 |
|
1,4540 |
65,248 |
|
1,4541 |
65,290 |
|
1,4542 |
65,333 |
|
1,4543 |
65,375 |
|
1,4544 |
65,417 |
|
1,4545 |
65,460 |
|
1,4546 |
65,502 |
|
1,4547 |
65,544 |
|
1,4548 |
65,587 |
|
1,4549 |
65,629 |
|
1,4550 |
65,672 |
|
1,4551 |
65,714 |
|
1,4552 |
65,756 |
|
1,4553 |
65,798 |
|
1,4554 |
65,841 |
|
1,4555 |
65,883 |
|
1,4556 |
65,925 |
|
1,4557 |
65,967 |
|
1,4558 |
66,010 |
|
1,4559 |
66,052 |
|
1,4560 |
66,094 |
|
1,4561 |
66,136 |
|
1,4562 |
66,178 |
|
1,4563 |
66,221 |
|
1,4564 |
66,263 |
|
1,4565 |
66,305 |
|
1,4566 |
66,347 |
|
1,4567 |
66,389 |
|
1,4568 |
66,431 |
|
1,4569 |
66,473 |
|
1,4570 |
66,515 |
|
1,4571 |
66,557 |
|
1,4572 |
66,599 |
|
1,4573 |
66,641 |
|
1,4574 |
66,683 |
|
1,4575 |
66,725 |
|
1,4576 |
66,767 |
|
1,4577 |
66,809 |
|
1,4578 |
66,851 |
|
1,4579 |
66,893 |
|
1,4580 |
66,935 |
|
1,4581 |
66,977 |
|
1,4582 |
67,019 |
|
1,4583 |
67,061 |
|
1,4584 |
67,103 |
|
1,4585 |
67,145 |
|
1,4586 |
67,186 |
|
1,4587 |
67,228 |
|
1,4588 |
67,270 |
|
1,4589 |
67,312 |
|
1,4590 |
67,354 |
|
1,4591 |
67,396 |
|
1,4592 |
67,437 |
|
1,4593 |
67,479 |
|
1,4594 |
67,521 |
|
1,4595 |
67,563 |
|
1,4596 |
67,604 |
|
1,4597 |
67,646 |
|
1,4598 |
67,688 |
|
1,4599 |
67,729 |
|
1,4600 |
67,771 |
|
1,4601 |
67,813 |
|
1,4602 |
67,854 |
|
1,4603 |
67,896 |
|
1,4604 |
67,938 |
|
1,4605 |
67,979 |
|
1,4606 |
68,021 |
|
1,4607 |
68,063 |
|
1,4608 |
68,104 |
|
1,4609 |
68,146 |
|
1,4610 |
68,187 |
|
1,4611 |
68,229 |
|
1,4611 |
68,270 |
|
1,4613 |
68,312 |
|
1,4614 |
68,353 |
|
1,4615 |
68,395 |
|
1,4616 |
68,436 |
|
1,4617 |
68,478 |
|
1,4618 |
68,519 |
|
1,4619 |
68,561 |
|
1,4620 |
68,602 |
|
1,4621 |
68,643 |
|
1,4622 |
68,685 |
|
1,4623 |
68,726 |
|
1,4624 |
68,768 |
|
1,4625 |
68,809 |
|
1,4626 |
68,850 |
|
1,4627 |
68,892 |
|
1,4628 |
68,933 |
|
1,4629 |
68,974 |
|
1,4630 |
69,016 |
|
1,4631 |
69,057 |
|
1,4632 |
69,098 |
|
1,4633 |
69,139 |
|
1,4634 |
69,181 |
|
1,4635 |
69,222 |
|
1,4636 |
69,263 |
|
1,4637 |
69,304 |
|
1,4638 |
69,346 |
|
1,4639 |
69,387 |
|
1,4640 |
69,428 |
|
1,4641 |
69,469 |
|
1,4642 |
69,510 |
|
1,4643 |
69,551 |
|
1,4644 |
69,593 |
|
1,4645 |
69,634 |
|
1,4646 |
69,675 |
|
1,4647 |
69,716 |
|
1,4648 |
69,757 |
|
1,4649 |
69,798 |
|
1,4650 |
69,839 |
|
1,4651 |
69,880 |
|
1,4652 |
69,921 |
|
1,4653 |
69,962 |
|
1,4654 |
70,003 |
|
1,4655 |
70,044 |
|
1,4656 |
70,085 |
|
1,4657 |
70,126 |
|
1,4658 |
70,167 |
|
1,4659 |
70,208 |
|
1,4660 |
70,249 |
|
1,4661 |
70,290 |
|
1,4662 |
70,331 |
|
1,4663 |
70,372 |
|
1,4664 |
70,413 |
|
1,4665 |
70,453 |
|
1,4666 |
70,494 |
|
1,4667 |
70,535 |
|
1,4668 |
70,576 |
|
1,4669 |
70,617 |
|
1,4670 |
70,658 |
|
1,4671 |
70,698 |
|
1,4672 |
70,739 |
|
1,4673 |
70,780 |
|
1,4674 |
70,821 |
|
1,4675 |
70,861 |
|
1,4676 |
70,902 |
|
1,4677 |
70,943 |
|
1,4678 |
70,984 |
|
1,4679 |
71024 |
|
1,4680 |
71,065 |
|
1,4681 |
71,106 |
|
1,4681 |
71,146 |
|
1,4683 |
71,187 |
|
1,4684 |
71,228 |
|
1,4685 |
71,268 |
|
1,4686 |
71,309 |
|
1,4687 |
71,349 |
|
1,4688 |
71,390 |
|
1,4689 |
71,431 |
|
1,4690 |
71,471 |
|
1,4691 |
71,512 |
|
1,4692 |
71,552 |
|
1,4693 |
71,593 |
|
1,4694 |
71,633 |
|
1,4695 |
71,674 |
|
1,4696 |
71,714 |
|
1,4697 |
71,755 |
|
1,4698 |
71,795 |
|
1,4699 |
71,836 |
|
1,4700 |
71,876 |
|
1,4701 |
71,917 |
|
1,4702 |
71,957 |
|
1,4703 |
71,998 |
|
1,4704 |
72,038 |
|
1,4705 |
72,078 |
|
1,4706 |
72,119 |
|
1,4707 |
72,159 |
|
1,4708 |
72,199 |
|
1,4709 |
72,240 |
|
1,4710 |
72,280 |
|
1,4711 |
72,320 |
|
1,4712 |
72,361 |
|
1,4713 |
72,401 |
|
1,4714 |
72,441 |
|
1,4715 |
72,482 |
|
1,4716 |
72,522 |
|
1,4717 |
72,562 |
|
1,4718 |
72,602 |
|
1,4719 |
72,643 |
|
1,4720 |
72,683 |
|
1,4721 |
72,723 |
|
1,4722 |
72,763 |
|
1,4723 |
72,803 |
|
1,4724 |
72,843 |
|
1,4725 |
72,884 |
|
1,4726 |
72924 |
|
1,4727 |
72,964 |
|
1,4728 |
73,004 |
|
1,4729 |
73,044 |
|
1,4730 |
73,084 |
|
1,4731 |
73,124 |
|
1,4732 |
73,164 |
|
1,4733 |
73,204 |
|
1,4734 |
73,244 |
|
1,4735 |
73,285 |
|
1,4736 |
73,325 |
|
1,4737 |
73,365 |
|
1,4738 |
73,405 |
|
1,4739 |
73,445 |
|
1,4740 |
73,485 |
|
1,4741 |
73,524 |
|
1,4742 |
73,564 |
|
1,4743 |
73,604 |
|
1,4744 |
73,644 |
|
1,4745 |
73,684 |
|
1,4746 |
73,724 |
|
1,4747 |
73,764 |
|
1,4748 |
73,804 |
|
1,4749 |
73,844 |
|
1,4750 |
73,884 |
|
1,4751 |
73,924 |
|
1,4752 |
73,963 |
|
1,4753 |
74,003 |
|
1,4754 |
74,043 |
|
1,4755 |
74,083 |
|
1,4756 |
74,123 |
|
1,4757 |
74,162 |
|
1,4758 |
74,202 |
|
1,4759 |
74,242 |
|
1,4760 |
74,282 |
|
1,4761 |
74,321 |
|
1,4762 |
74,361 |
|
1,4763 |
74,401 |
|
1,4764 |
74,441 |
|
1,4765 |
74,480 |
|
1,4766 |
74,520 |
|
1,4767 |
74,560 |
|
1,4768 |
74,599 |
|
1,4769 |
74,639 |
|
1,4770 |
74,678 |
|
1,4771 |
74,718 |
|
1,1772 |
74,758 |
|
1,4773 |
74,797 |
|
1,4774 |
74,837 |
|
1,4775 |
74,876 |
|
1,4776 |
74,916 |
|
1,4777 |
74,956 |
|
1,4778 |
74,995 |
|
1,4779 |
75,035 |
|
1,4780 |
75,074 |
|
1,1781 |
75,114 |
|
1,4782 |
75,153 |
|
1,4783 |
75,193 |
|
1,4784 |
75,232 |
|
1,4785 |
75,272 |
|
1,4786 |
75,311 |
|
1,4787 |
75,350 |
|
1,4788 |
75,390 |
|
1,4789 |
75,429 |
|
1,4790 |
75,469 |
|
1,4791 |
75,508 |
|
1,4792 |
75,547 |
|
1,4793 |
75,587 |
|
1,4794 |
75,626 |
|
1,4795 |
75,666 |
|
1,4796 |
75,705 |
|
1,4797 |
75,744 |
|
1,4798 |
75,784 |
|
1,4799 |
75,823 |
|
1,4800 |
75,862 |
|
1,4801 |
75,901 |
|
1,4802 |
75,941 |
|
1,4803 |
75,980 |
|
1,4804 |
76,019 |
|
1,4805 |
76,058 |
|
1,4806 |
76,098 |
|
1,4807 |
76,137 |
|
1,4808 |
76,176 |
|
1,4809 |
76,215 |
|
1,4810 |
76,254 |
|
1,4810 |
76,294 |
|
1,4812 |
76,333 |
|
1,4813 |
76,372 |
|
1,4814 |
76,411 |
|
1,4815 |
76,450 |
|
1,4816 |
76,489 |
|
1,4817 |
76,528 |
|
1,4818 |
76,567 |
|
1,4819 |
76,607 |
|
1,4820 |
76,646 |
|
1,4821 |
76,685 |
|
1,4822 |
76,724 |
|
1,4823 |
76,763 |
|
1,4824 |
76,802 |
|
1,4825 |
76,841 |
|
1,4826 |
76,880 |
|
1,4827 |
76,919 |
|
1,4828 |
76,958 |
|
1,4829 |
76,997 |
|
1,4830 |
77,036 |
|
1,4831 |
77,075 |
|
1,4832 |
77,113 |
|
1,4833 |
77,152 |
|
1,4834 |
77,191 |
|
1,4835 |
77,230 |
|
1&xxxx;4336 |
77269 |
|
1,4837 |
77,308 |
|
1,4838 |
77,347 |
|
1,4839 |
77,386 |
|
1,4840 |
77,425 |
|
1,4841 |
77,463 |
|
1,4842 |
77,502 |
|
1,4843 |
77,541 |
|
1,4844 |
77,580 |
|
1,4845 |
77,619 |
|
1,4846 |
77,657 |
|
1,4847 |
77,696 |
|
1,4848 |
77,735 |
|
1,4849 |
77,774 |
|
1,4850 |
77,812 |
|
1,4851 |
77,851 |
|
1,4852 |
77,890 |
|
1,4853 |
77,928 |
|
1,4854 |
77,967 |
|
1,4855 |
78,006 |
|
1,4856 |
78,045 |
|
1,4857 |
78,083 |
|
1,4858 |
78,122 |
|
1,4859 |
78,160 |
|
1,4860 |
78,199 |
|
1,4861 |
78,238 |
|
1,4862 |
78,276 |
|
1,4863 |
78,315 |
|
1,4864 |
78,353 |
|
1,4865 |
78,392 |
|
1,4866 |
78,431 |
|
1,4867 |
78,469 |
|
1,4868 |
78,508 |
|
1,4869 |
78,546 |
|
1,4870 |
78,585 |
|
1,4871 |
78,623 |
|
1,4872 |
78,662 |
|
1,4873 |
78,700 |
|
1,4874 |
78,739 |
|
1,4875 |
78,777 |
|
1,4876 |
78,816 |
|
1,4877 |
78,854 |
|
1,4878 |
78,892 |
|
1,4879 |
78,931 |
|
1,4880 |
78,969 |
|
1,4881 |
79,008 |
|
1,4882 |
79,046 |
|
1,4883 |
79,084 |
|
1,4884 |
79,123 |
|
1,4885 |
79,161 |
|
1,4886 |
79,199 |
|
1,4887 |
79,238 |
|
1,4888 |
79,276 |
|
1,4889 |
79,314 |
|
1,4890 |
79,353 |
|
1,4891 |
79,391 |
|
1,4892 |
79,429 |
|
1,4893 |
79,468 |
|
1,4894 |
79,506 |
|
1,4895 |
79,544 |
|
1,4896 |
79,582 |
|
1,4897 |
79,620 |
|
1,4898 |
79,659 |
|
1,4899 |
79,697 |
|
1,4900 |
79,735 |
|
1,4901 |
79,773 |
|
1,4902 |
79,811 |
|
1,4903 |
79,850 |
|
1,4904 |
79,888 |
|
1,4905 |
79,926 |
|
1,4906 |
79,964 |
|
1,4907 |
80,002 |
|
1,4908 |
80,040 |
|
1,4909 |
80,078 |
|
1,4910 |
80,116 |
|
1,4911 |
80,154 |
|
1,4912 |
80,192 |
|
1,4913 |
80,231 |
|
1,4914 |
80,269 |
|
1,4915 |
80,307 |
|
1,4916 |
80,345 |
|
1,4917 |
80,383 |
|
1,4918 |
80,421 |
|
1,4919 |
80,459 |
|
1,4920 |
80,497 |
|
1,4921 |
80,534 |
|
1,4922 |
80,572 |
|
1,4923 |
80,610 |
|
1,4924 |
80,648 |
|
1,4925 |
80,686 |
|
1,4926 |
80,724 |
|
1,4927 |
80,762 |
|
1,4928 |
80,800 |
|
1,4929 |
80,838 |
|
1,4930 |
80,876 |
|
1,4931 |
80,913 |
|
1,4932 |
80,951 |
|
1,4933 |
80,989 |
|
1,4934 |
81,027 |
|
1,4935 |
81,065 |
|
1,4936 |
81,103 |
|
1,4937 |
81,140 |
|
1,4938 |
81,178 |
|
1,4939 |
81,216 |
|
1,4940 |
81,254 |
|
1,4941 |
81,291 |
|
1,4942 |
81,329 |
|
1,4943 |
81,367 |
|
1,4944 |
81,405 |
|
1,4945 |
81,442 |
|
1,4946 |
81,480 |
|
1,4947 |
81,518 |
|
1,4948 |
81,555 |
|
1,4949 |
81,593 |
|
1,4950 |
81,631 |
|
1,4951 |
81,668 |
|
1,4952 |
81,706 |
|
1,4953 |
81,744 |
|
1,4954 |
81,781 |
|
1,4955 |
81,819 |
|
1,4956 |
81,856 |
|
1,4957 |
81,894 |
|
1,4958 |
81,932 |
|
1,4959 |
81,969 |
|
1,4960 |
82,007 |
|
1,4961 |
82,044 |
|
1,4962 |
82,082 |
|
1,4963 |
82,119 |
|
1,4964 |
82,157 |
|
1,4965 |
82,194 |
|
1,4966 |
82,232 |
|
1,4967 |
82,269 |
|
1,4968 |
82,307 |
|
1,4969 |
82,344 |
|
1,4970 |
82,381 |
|
1,4971 |
82,419 |
|
1,4972 |
82,456 |
|
1,4973 |
82,494 |
|
1,4974 |
87,531 |
|
1,4975 |
82,569 |
|
1,9976 |
82,606 |
|
1,4977 |
82,643 |
|
1,4978 |
82,681 |
|
1,4979 |
82,718 |
|
1,4980 |
82,755 |
|
1,4981 |
82,793 |
|
1,4982 |
82,830 |
|
1,4983 |
82,867 |
|
1,4984 |
82,905 |
|
1,4985 |
82,942 |
|
1,4986 |
82,979 |
|
1,4987 |
83,016 |
|
1,4988 |
83,054 |
|
1,4989 |
83,091 |
|
14990 |
83,128 |
|
1,4991 |
83,165 |
|
1,4992 |
83,202 |
|
1,4993 |
83,240 |
|
1,4994 |
83,277 |
|
1,4995 |
83,314 |
|
1,4996 |
83,351 |
|
1,4997 |
83,388 |
|
1,4998 |
83,425 |
|
14999 |
83,463 |
|
1,5000 |
83,500 |
|
1,5001 |
83,537 |
|
1,5002 |
83,574 |
|
1,5003 |
83,611 |
|
1,5004 |
83,648 |
|
1,5005 |
83,685 |
|
1,5006 |
83,722 |
|
1,5007 |
83,759 |
|
1,5008 |
83,796 |
|
1,5009 |
83,833 |
|
1,5010 |
83,870 |
|
1,5011 |
83,907 |
|
1,5012 |
83,944 |
|
1,5013 |
83,981 |
|
1,5014 |
84,018 |
|
1,5015 |
84,055 |
|
1,5016 |
84,092 |
|
1,5017 |
84,129 |
|
1,5018 |
84,166 |
|
1,5019 |
84,203 |
|
1,5020 |
84,240 |
|
1,5021 |
84,277 |
|
1,5022 |
84,314 |
|
1,5023 |
84,351 |
|
1,5024 |
84,388 |
|
1,5025 |
84,424 |
|
1,5026 |
84,461 |
|
1,5027 |
84,498 |
|
1,5028 |
84,535 |
|
1,5029 |
84,572 |
|
1,5030 |
84,609 |
|
1,5031 |
84,645 |
|
1&xxxx;5032 |
84,682 |
|
1,5033 |
84,719 |
|
1,5034 |
84,756 |
|
1,5035 |
84,792 |
|
1,5036 |
84,829 |
|
1,5037 |
84,866 |
|
1,5038 |
84,903 |
|
1,5039 |
84,939 |
|
1,5040 |
84,976 |
|
1,5041 |
85,013 |
|
1,5042 |
85,049 |
|
1,5043 |
85,086 |
|
1,5044 |
85,123 |
|
1,5045 |
85,159 |
|
1,5046 |
85,196 |
|
1,5047 |
85,233 |
|
1,5048 |
85,269 |
|
1,5049 |
85,306 |
|
1,5050 |
85,343 |
|
1,5051 |
85,379 |
|
1,5052 |
85,416 |
|
1,5053 |
85,452 |
|
1,5054 |
85,489 |
|
1,5055 |
85,525 |
|
1,5056 |
85,562 |
|
1,5057 |
85,598 |
|
1,5058 |
85,635 |
|
1,5059 |
85,672 |
|
1,5060 |
85,708 |
|
1,5061 |
85,744 |
|
1,5062 |
85,781 |
|
1,5063 |
85,817 |
|
1,5064 |
85,854 |
|
1,5065 |
85,890 |
|
1,5066 |
85,927 |
|
1,5067 |
85,963 |
|
1,5068 |
86,000 |
|
1,5069 |
86,036 |
|
1,5070 |
86,072 |
|
1,5071 |
86,109 |
|
1,5072 |
86,145 |
|
1,5073 |
86,182 |
|
1,5074 |
86,218 |
|
1,5075 |
86,254 |
|
1,5076 |
86,291 |
|
1,5077 |
86,327 |
|
1,5078 |
86,363 |
|
1,5079 |
86,399 |
[1] Hodnoty x x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx jsou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, jejímž xxxxxxx xxx XXXXXX xx X. Xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx byla xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx provedeny Xxxxxxx X. Carpenterem x XXXX a xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x Xxxxx X. 33, 15-22 (červen 1970). Xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 20 °X xxxxxx X xxxx Xx. Xxxx (xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx) xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx 20 °C xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxx 760 torrů (xx Hg) a xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx vlhkosti. Xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (47&xxxx;012, xxxxxx 11) publikovanou x Xxxxxx. Xxxxx X. 39, 22 (1937).
XXXXXX 4
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX VYJÁDŘENÝCH JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx Berlin Xxxxxxxx)
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx x cukru xxxxxxxxx
2. Definice
„Redukující xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Podstata metody
Roztok xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx XX. Xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx se xxx xxxxxxx odměrným roztokem xxxx (xx xxxxxx xxxxxx), xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx roztokem xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xx xxxxxx titrem).
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Roztok Xx XX (Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx)
4.1.1 Xx 400 xx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 35 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pentahydrátu (XxXX4 5X2X) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.1.2 X 500 ml xxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx 173 g xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx Seignettova xxx, KNaC4H4O6,4H2O) x 68 g bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx se vychladnout.
4.1.3 Xxx xxxxxxx (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx se vodou xx 1 xxxxx. Xx přidání 2 x xxxxxxxxx uhlí xx xxxxx protřepe, xxxxx xx několik xxxxx xxxx a xxxx xx přefiltruje xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx membránový xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxx xxxx množství xxxxx xxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx přefiltrovat.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx octová, roztok 5 xxx/x.
4.3 Xxxxxx xxxx, 0,01665 xxx/x (0,0333X; 4,2258 x/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného, xxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx 5 x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx rozmíchaného xx 30 xx xxxx, xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx x nechá xxxxxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx 10 mg jodidu xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5. Přístroje x xxxxxxx
5.1 Erlenmeyerova baňka, 300 xx; přesné xxxxxx a pipety.
5.2 Xxxxx xxxxx, xxxxxx.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx 300 xx Erlenmeyerovy baňky xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx (10 x xxxx méně), který xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx 30 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx přibližně xx 100 xx xxxx.
Xx xxxxx x roztokem xxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx Xx XX (4.1), xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxx xx vroucí xxxxx xxxxx (5.2) xx xxxx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx musí xxx xxxxxxx 20 xx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxx xxxxxxx x opětovné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx pipetou xxxxx 5 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.2) x xxxxxxxxxxx 5 mol/l x xxxxx poté xx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx (20 xx 40 xx) xxxxxxx xxxx (4.3) x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,016 65 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a přebytek xxxx se titruje xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného (4.4) x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,0333 xxx/x xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx škrobu (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx konci xxxxxxx.
6.2 X vodou xx xxxxxxx xxxxx pokus, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx použití xxxxxx xxxxxxx Cu XX (4.4). Titrační xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xx.
6.3 S xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx kontrolní xxxxxxx. Roztok xx xxxxx xxxx při xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 10 xxxxx, xxx xxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxx přítomných xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxx je xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Vzorec x postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku jódu xx xxxxx xxxxxx (xx) přebytku přidaného xxxxxxx jódu (0,016 65 xxx/x) xxxxx xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného (0,0333 xxx/x) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx (xx) spotřebovaného xxxxxxx xxxx (0,016 65 xxx/x) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx:
7.1.1 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx s xxxxx (6.2),
7.1.2 xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx zkoušce x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx za xxxxxx (6.3),
7.1.3 objemu 2,0 xx xx xxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx-xx xxxxxx xxxx xxx 10 x xxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxx na xxxxxxxxx).
Xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx spotřeba 1 ml jodového xxxxxxx (4.3) 1 xx invertního xxxxx.
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xxxxxxxx podle xxxxxx:
xxx:
X1 = xxxxx ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3) xx xxxxxxx,
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx vzorku (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx nesmí xxx xxxxx xxx 0,02 x xx 100 x xxxxxx.
XXXXXX 5
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Knighta x Xxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx invertní cukr
- x xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx bílém,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx jako xxxxxxxx xxxx“: xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx stanovený xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
X xxxxxxx vzorku xx xxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx Xx II, xxxxxxxxxxx x nezredukovaný xxxxx xx xxx stanoví xxxxxxx titrací s xxxxxxxx XXXX.
4. Reakční xxxxxxx
4.1 Kyselina xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxxxxxx xxx) (XXXX), xxxxxx 0,0025 xxx/x: xxxxxxxx se 0,930 x EDTA xx xxxx x doplní xx vodou xx xxxxxxx xxxxx.
4.2 Roztok xxxxxxxxxx murexidu: 0,25 x murexidu se xxxxx xx 50 xx xxxx a xxxxxx xx s 20 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,2 x/100 xx.
4.3 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx: x 600 ml xxxx xxxxxxxxxx 40 xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx o xxxxxxxxxxx 1,0 xxx/x xx xxxxxxxx 25 x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx a 25 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx. Přibližně x 100 xx vody xx rozpustí 6,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx – pentahydrátu (CuSO4 5X2X), vzniklý roztok xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxx vodou xx xxxxxxx litru.
Poznámka: Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxx).
4.4 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: x odměrné baňce x xxxxxx 250 xx xx xxxxxxxx 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx (4.5) xxx xx 120 xx xxxx. Přidá se 9 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (X20 = 1,16) x xxxxx xx stát xxx xxxxxxxxxxx teplotě xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 250 xx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx zkontroluje xxxxxxx xx polarimetru xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx o délce 200 xx. Zjištěná xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05°X (xxx xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx roztoku xx xxxxxxxxxx do odměrné xxxxx x objemu 2000 xx, xxxxx xx xxxxx x xx xxxxxxx protřepávání (xxx nedošlo k xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) xx xxxxx 71,4 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (1 xxx/x), xx kterém xxxx rozpuštěny 4 x kyseliny benzoové. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 2000 xx, xx. aby xxxxxxxxx 1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx ve 100 xx; hodnota xX xxxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx xxxxx zásobní xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx před xxxxxxxx.
4.5 Xxxxx xxxxxxxxx: xxxxxx xxxxx sacharosy x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 0,001 x/100 x.
5. Xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxx
5.1 Zkumavky 150 x 20 xx.
5.2 Xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxx vážící x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 mg.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xx xxxxxxxx (5.1) xx rozpustí 5 x vzorku xxxxx x 5 xx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxxxxxx xx 2,0 xx xxxxxxxxx činidla (4.3) x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx. Zkumavka xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x vroucí xxxxx xx xxxx 5 xxxxx x poté xx ve xxxxxxx xxxx ochladí.
6.2 Xxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx, x xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx množství xxxx, převede xx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (5.2), přidají xx xxx kapky xxxxxxxxxx (4.2) x xxxxxxx xx roztokem EDTA (4.1). Titrační spotřeba x xx xx xxxxxx xxxx X0.
Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx titrace xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxx xxxx. Purpurová xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx zredukované xxxx. Xxxxx xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx bodu xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.3 Sestrojí xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx základě přidávání xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxxxxxxxx zředěný xxxxxx 4.4) k 5 x čisté xxxxxxxxx (4.5) x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx, xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx 5 xx. Titrační spotřeba (xx) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x 5 x xxxxxxxxx; xxxxxxxxx křivkou xx xxxxxx v rozmezí 0,001 až 0,019 x xx 100 x invertního xxxxx, xxxx. 100 x xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru (x xxxxxxxxxx) odpovídající xxxxxxxx XXXX X0 xx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxx 0,017 g xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 g analyzovaného xxxxxx, musí xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x bodě 6.1, xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx do 5 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.5).
7.3 Opakovatelnost
Rozdíl xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek nesmí xxx větší xxx 0,005 x xx 100 g xxxxxx.
8. Xxxxxxxx
Xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx °S xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x °S xxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx výbojka xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, ve které xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx kolem 20 °X).
XXXXXX 6
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX JAKO XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxx a Schoorla)
1. Xxxxxxx a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx ke xxxxxxxxx
1.1 xxxxxx redukujících xxxxx vyjádřeného xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx
- v xxxxxxx cukru,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxx z xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx;
1.2 obsahu xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx (vztaženo xx xxxxxx) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx;
1.3 xxxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx D-glukosa
- x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx,
- x dextrose xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
„Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx, X-xxxxxxx nebo jako xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx cukrů xxxxxxxxx xxxx vypočtený jako xxxxxxxx xxxx, Xxxxxxxx xxxx dextrosový ekvivalent xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxx cukry xx xxxxxx (x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx) xx standardních podmínek x bodu xxxx x xxxxxxxx Xx XX, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx redukuje xx Xx I. Přebytek Xx XX xx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx
4.1 Carrezův xxxxxx X: 21,95 x octanu xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx, (Zn(CH3COO)22H2O) xxxx 24 x octanu xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, (Xx(XX3XXX)2-3X2X) xx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx 3 ml xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx vodě x doplní xxxxx xx 100 ml.
4.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx XX: 10,6 g xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx trihydrátu (X4[Xx(XX)6]-3X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx.
4.3 Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx: xxxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxxx:
4.3.1 Xxxxxx síranu xxxxxxxxx: 25 x xxxxxx měďnatého pentahydrátu (XxXX45X2X) neobsahujícího železo xx xxxxxxxx ve 100 xx xxxx.
4.3.2 Xxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxxxxx: 50 x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx (X6X8X7-X2X) xx xxxxxxxx v 50 xx xxxx.
4.3.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného: 143,8 x bezvodého xxxxxxxxxx sodného xx xxxxxxxx přibližně v 300 xx xxxxx xxxx a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.3.4 K xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx sodného (4.3.3) x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx přidává xxxxxx xxxxxxxx citronové (4.3.2). Xxxxx xx xxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx, xxx se přidá xxxxxx síranu měďnatého (4.3.1) x xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 1000 xx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxx xxx, x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xx kontrola molarity xxxxxxx činidla podle xxxxxx popsané x xxxx 6.1 (Cu 0,1 xxx/x; Xx2XX3 1 xxx/x).
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.5 Xxxxxx xxxxxx: do xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xx přilije 5 g rozpustného xxxxxx rozmíchaného xx 30 ml xxxx. Xxxxxx xx 3 xxxxxx x xxxxx xx vychladnout; je-li xxxxx, xxxxx se 10 xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx konzervační xxxxxxx.
4.6 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx, 3 xxx/x.
4.7 Xxxxxx xxxxxx draselného, 30 % (x/X).
4.8 Úlomky xxxxx, xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xxxxx do xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx.
4.9 Xxxxxxxxxxx.
4.10 Hydroxid xxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x.
4.11 Xxxxxxxx chlorovodíková, 0,1&xxxx;&xxxx;&xxxx; xxx/x.
4.12 Xxxxxxxxxxx, jednoprocentní xxxxxx (x/X) v xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, x xxxxxx 300 xx, xx zpětným xxxxxxxxx.
5.2 Stopky.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3):
6.1.1 Ke 25 xx Luffova-Schoorlova xxxxxxx (4.3) se xxxxxxx 3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x 25 ml xxxxxxxx xxxxxx o koncentraci 3 xxx/x (4.6).
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.4) xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.5) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx, který xx xxxxx xx xx xxxxx titrace. Xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x xxxxx 25 xx, xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xx 10 xx činidla xx 100ml xxxxxxx xxxxx a po xxxxx se doplní xxxxx.
10 xx takto xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx do Erlenmeyerovy xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) x xxxxxxx xx xx xxxx jedné hodiny xx xxxxxx vodní xxxxx. Xxx se xxxxxx ochladí, xxxxxx xx na xxxxxxx xxxxx čerstvě xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx hydroxidu xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xx xxxxxxx fenolftaleinu (4.12) xxxx indikátoru.
Spotřeba xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.10) xxxx xxx xxxx 5,5 x 6,5 xx.
6.1.3 10 xx zředěného xxxxxxx (6.1.2) se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xx xxxxxxx fenolftaleinu (4.12) xxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xx charakterizován xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx, 0,1 xxx/x (4.11) xxxx xxx xxxx 6,0 x 7,5 xx.
6.1.4 Xxxxxxx pH Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx 9,3 x 9,4 xxx 20 °X.
6.2 Příprava roztoku
6.2.1 Xxxxxx se 5 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 1 xx a kvantitativně xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx baňky x xxxxxx 250 xx xxxxxxxxxx 200 xx xxxx. V případě xxxxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx roztoku X (4.1), xxx xx xxxxx 5 xx Xxxxxxxxx roztoku XX (4.2). Po xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx roztoku xx xxxxx zamíchá. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx 250 xx x dobře xxxxxxxx. X xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx (6.2.1) xx xxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxx, aby obsah xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx glukosa xx x 25 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 15 xx 60 mg.
6.3 Xxxxxxx xxxxx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xx 300 xx Xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (5.1) se xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.3), xx xxxxx se xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx 25 ml cukerného xxxxxxx (6.2.2) x xxxxx xx dva xxxxxx xxxxx (4.8). X xxxxx (5.1) xx připojí zpětný xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nad xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx kahanu. Xxxxx xx x azbestové xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x tomtéž xxxxxxx, jako je xxx baňky. Kapalina xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx minut xxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxxx 10 xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx. Pak xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx a xx pěti minutách xx titruje podle xxxxxx xxxxxxx:
Xxxxx xx 10 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx draselného (4.7), xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxx (x xxxxxxx xx bouřlivý xxxxx plynu) 25 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 3 xxx/x (4.6). Titruje xx roztokem xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x koncentraci 0,1 xxx/x (4.4), xxxxx se roztok xxxxx neodbarví, pak xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx několik xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx (4.5) x pokračuje xx x xxxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxx modrého xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx s 25 xx xxxx xxxxx 25 ml xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
X xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (případně xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xx, xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxxxx x xx xxxxxxx thiosíranu sodného x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,1 xxx/x.
Xxxxxxxx xx vyjádří x procentech (m/m) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx nebo X-xxxxxxx, vztažených na xxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx za xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,2 xx.
8. Poznámka
Před xxxxxxxxxx kyselinou xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (4.9), xxx se xxxxxxx tvorba xxxx.
Xxxxxxx xxxxxx pro Xxxxxxx – Schoorlovo xxxxxxx
|
0,1 xxx/x Na2S2O3 |
Glukosa, xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xxxx X6X12X6 |
|
|
xx |
xx |
xxxxxx |
|
1 |
2,4 |
|
|
2 |
4,8 |
2,4 |
|
3 |
7,2 |
2,4 |
|
4 |
9,7 |
2,5 |
|
5 |
12,2 |
2,5 |
|
6 |
14,7 |
2,5 |
|
7 |
17,2 |
2,5 |
|
8 |
19,8 |
2,6 |
|
9 |
22,4 |
2,6 |
|
10 |
25,0 |
2,6 |
|
11 |
27,6 |
2,6 |
|
12 |
30,3 |
2,7 |
|
13 |
33,0 |
2,7 |
|
14 |
35,7 |
2,7 |
|
15 |
38,5 |
2,8 |
|
16 |
41,3 |
2,8 |
|
17 |
44,2 |
2,9 |
|
18 |
47,1 |
2,9 |
|
19 |
50,0 |
2,9 |
|
20 |
53,0 |
3,0 |
|
21 |
56,0 |
3,0 |
|
22 |
59,1 |
3,1 |
|
23 |
62,2 |
3,1 |
XXXXXX 7
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX CUKRŮ XXXXXXXXXXX XXXX INVERTNÍ XXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Lanea x Eynona – xxxxxxxxxx s xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx)
1. Předmět a xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx cukr
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxxx invertním xxxxx,
- x tekutém xxxxx xxxxxxxxx cukru,
- x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxxx z invertního xxxxx bílého.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx cukr": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou.
3. Podstata xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx x použitím xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx X:
69,3 x xxxxxx měďnatého xxxxxxxxxxxx (XxXX4·5X2X) xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxxxx xx xx 1000 xx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx B:
346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx tetrahydrátu (XXxX4X4X6·4X2X) a 100 x xxxxxxxxx sodného xx xxxxxxxx ve xxxx x doplní xx 1000 xx. Xxxx roztok se xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx, která se xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx roztoky xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, 1 xxx/x.
4.3 Standardní xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx: 23,750 x xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx asi xx 120 xx xxxx ve 250xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx 9 xx xxxxxxxx chlorovodíkové (xxxxxxx 1,16 x/xx) a xxxxx se xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx 8 xxx. Xxxxxx xx xxxxxx xx 250 xx x ukončení xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx sacharometrem xxxxxx xxxxxxx délky 200 mm. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xx xxxxxx 11,80 ± 0,05 °S (xxx xxxxxxxx 8). 200 xx xxxxxx roztoku xx xxxxxxxxxx xx 2000xxxxxxxxxxx odměrné baňky, xxxxx se xxxxx x xx stálého xxxxxxxxxxxx (aby nedošlo x nadměrnému xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx) se xxxxx 71,4 xx xxxxxxx hydroxidu sodného x xxxxxxxxxxx 1 xxx/x (4.2), xx xxxxxx jsou rozpuštěny 4 g xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx. Baňka xx xxxxxx do 2000 xx, aby výsledný xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 1 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx. Xxxxxxx xX roztoku xx být xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 3.
Xxxxx stabilní xxxxxxx xxxxxx by xx měl ředit xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx 0,25 x/100 xx xx 250ml xxxxxxx xxxxx naplní xx xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx o koncentraci 1 x/100 ml xxx 20 °C. Xxxxx se kvantitativně xxxxxxx xx 1000 xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxx 20 °X xx xxxxx vodou.
4.4 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři, 1 x/100 ml.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Xxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx hrdlem x xxxxxx 500 xx.
5.2 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx 50 ml, dělená xx 0,05 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx kohoutem.
5.3 Xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xx 20, 25 x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 250, 1000 x 2000 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxx x ohřevu, xxxxxx pro xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxx 6.1 a xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx změnu x konečném xxxx, xxxx by se xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxx přemístit xx xxxxxx xxxxx.
5.6 Stopky xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Stanovení xxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku
6.1.1 Xx xxxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx B (4.1.2), xxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxx se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxx 0,25 % (0,25 x/100 xx) standardním xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.3).
6.1.3 Xx 500 xx varné xxxxx (5.1) xx odpipetuje xxxxxxxxx xxxxx 20 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X x X (6.1.1) x xxxxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx. X xxxxxx xx xx baňky xxxxxx 39 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxxxx xx několik xxxxxxx xxxxxxx a xxxxx xx jemným xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx baňky se xxxxxxx x xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxx. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx se baňka xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx varu.
Na konci xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4). Xxxxx roztoku musí xxx xxxxxxx modrá.
6.1.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx v xxxxxxxxx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2 xx, xxx xx 0,1 ml x nakonec xx xxxxxxx, až se xxxxxxx konečného xxxx. Xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx methylenové modři. Xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx následkem xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx do xxx xxxxx od začátku xxxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx V0 xx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 39,0 xx 41,0 xx. Xx-xx xxxxxxx V0 mimo xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx ve Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) x xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx.
6.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 250 xx 400 mg xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx 100 xx.
6.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
6.3.1 Xx nutné xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx přídavku xxxx k 20 xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X a X, xxxxx zajistí, že xxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxx činit 75 xx.
Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx x bodě 6.1.4, xxxxx místo xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx cukru xx použije xxxxxx xxxxxx, tj. do xxxxx se xxxxxxx xxxxxx 25 ml xxxxxxx vzorku, xxxxx xx 15 xx xxxx, xxxxx xx 2 xxxxxx xxxxxxx x roztok xx xxx xxxxxxx až xx xxxxxxxx konečného xxxx, xxx xx xxxxxxx x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.3.2 Pokud xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx přetrvává xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xx použitý xxxxxx vzorku xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx. V tomto xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x provede xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx vzorku.
Je-li k xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx více xxx 50 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxx vzorku x xxxxx koncentrací.
Množství xxxx, které se xx xxxxxx, xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx (20 ml) x xxxxxx roztoku xxxxxx xx 75 xx.
6.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxx
6.4.1 Do xxxxx xxxxx xx odpipetuje 20 xx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku a xxxxxxxx vody xxxxxxxxx xxxxx bodu 6.3.
6.4.2 X byrety se xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx bodu 6.3, xxxxxxxx x 1 xx. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (6.3). Konečného xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx být xxxxxxxx xxxxx minutu xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Spotřeba xxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx rovná X1.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x postup xxxxxxx
Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx:
xxx:
X = xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (g/100 xx),
X0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xx) xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx,
X1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx) při xxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.4.2),
x = xxxxxxxx faktor xxxxxxxxxxxx koncentraci xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku; xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx v xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx:
|
Xxxxxxxxx (x xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx) |
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx x |
|
0,0 |
1,000 |
|
0,5 |
0,982 |
|
1,0 |
0,971 |
|
1,5 |
0,962 |
|
2,0 |
0,954 |
|
2,5 |
0,946 |
|
3,0 |
0,939 |
|
3,5 |
0,932 |
|
4,0 |
0,926 |
|
4,5 |
0,920 |
|
5,0 |
0,915 |
|
5,5 |
0,910 |
|
6,0 |
0,904 |
|
6,5 |
0,898 |
|
7,0 |
0,893 |
|
7,5 |
0,888 |
|
8,0 |
0,883 |
|
8,5 |
0,878 |
|
9,0 |
0,874 |
|
9,5 |
0,869 |
|
10,0 |
0,864 |
Xxxxxxx pro xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx xx mohou xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx se xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (xxx tento xxxxxxx xx použita xxxxxxx x xxxxx 1,0) xx koncentrace veškerých xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxx 3 xxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx mezi xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx větší než 1,0 % xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
8. Poznámka
Při xxxxxxx xxxxxxx ve °X na polarimetrické xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxx hodnota xxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx °X xxxx xxxxxxxx 2,889 (xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx; xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx; přístroj xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx které xx xxxxx udržovat xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 20 °X).
XXXXXX 8
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX
(Xxxxxx xxxxx Lanea a Xxxxxx x konstantním xxxxxx)
1. Předmět x xxxxxx použití
Tato xxxxxx xxxxxx xx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx
- xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- v xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- x xxxxxxxx bezvodé.
2. Xxxxxxxx
2.1 "Xxxxxxxx síla": xxxxx redukujících xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx metodou, xxxxxxxxx xxxx bezvodá xxxxxxxx (X-xxxxxxx) a xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
2.2 "Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx": redukční síla xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx se xx xxxxxx určených podmínek xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxx Fehlingova xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx jako xxxxxxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Fehlingův xxxxxx:
4.1.1 Xxxxxx A:
Ve xxxx xx xxxxxxxx 69,3 x xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx pentahydrátu (XxXX4·5X2X) x x xxxxxxx xxxxx x objemu 1000 ml se xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
4.1.2 Xxxxxx X:
Xx vodě xx xxxxxxxx 346,0 x xxxxxx xxxxx-xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx (KNaC4H4O6·4H2O) x 100 g xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x xxxxxxx baňce x xxxxxx 1000 xx xxxxxx vodou po xxxxx. Čirý xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx usazeniny, xxxxx xx xxxx někdy xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxx xxx roztoky (4.1.1 x 4.1.2) xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx zbarvených xxxxxxx.
4.1.3 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxx X (4.1.2) x xxxx 50 ml roztoku X (4.1.1) a xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx:
Xxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx uchovávat, xxxxx xx xxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx čerstvý x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (6.1).
4.2 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (D-glukosa) (X6X12X6)
Xxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx 4 xxxxxx sušit xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx teplotě 100 ± 1 °X xxxx nižší x xxx xxxxx xxx 10 kPa (103 xxxx).
4.3 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, 0,600 x/100 xx
X xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 xx xx xxxxxx 0,6 g xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.2), xxxxxxxx xx xx xxxx, xxxxxxxxxxxxx převede xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.4), doplní xxxxx po xxxxx x promíchá.
Tento xxxxxx xx xxxxx připravit xxxxxxx na xxxxx xxx, kdy xxxx xxxxxxxx.
4.4 Xxxxxx methylenové xxxxx, 0,1 x/100 xx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx xx 0,1 g methylenové xxxxx xx 100 xx xxxx.
5. Přístroje x pomůcky
5.1 Varné xxxxx x úzkým xxxxxx o objemu 250 ml.
5.2 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx 50 xx, x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x dělená xx 0,05 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 25 xx x 50 xx.
5.4 Xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 x 500 xx.
5.5 Zařízení x ohřevu, xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx x souladu x xxxxxxxxxx popsanými x xxxx 6.1 a xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxx xxx nutnosti xxxxxxx varnou baňku (5.1) xx zdroje xxxxx (xxx bod 6.1 xxxxxxxx 3).
5.6 Xxxxxx ukazující s xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx na 1 xxxxxxx.
6. Postup
6.1 Xxxxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx roztoku
6.1.1 Xx čisté suché xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xx xxxxxxxxxx 25 xx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (4.1.3).
6.1.2 Byreta (5.2) xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x meniskus se xxxxxxx na nulovou xxxxx.
6.1.3 Xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) se x xxxxxx xxxxxxx 18 ml xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) x obsah xx xxxxxxxxx pohybem xxxxxxxx.
6.1.4 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx (5.5), xxxxxx nastavené xxx, xxx xxx xxxxxx xx 120 ± 15 xxxxxx.
X xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx x xxxxxx nastavováno xxxxx (xxx xxxxxxxx 1).
6.1.5 Xxxxxxx xx roztok xxxxx xxxxx, spustí xx xxxxxx xx xxxx.
6.1.6 Xxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx 120 xxxxxx (podle xxxxxx).
Xx xxxxx xx přidá 1 ml xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx (4.4).
6.1.7 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx stopek) xx xxxxxxx xxxx se xxxxx z xxxxxx (6.1.2) xx varné xxxxx (5.1) přidávat xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx 0,5ml dávkách, xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx neodbarví (xxx xxxxxxxx 2 a 3).
Xxxxxxxxx xx celkový xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X xx) včetně předposlední 0,5xx xxxxx.
6.1.8 Xxxxx x xxxxxx 6.1.1 x 6.1.2 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.9 Z byrety xx do xxxxx xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxx (X 0,3) ml xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
6.1.10 Xxxxx v bodech 6.1.4, 6.1.5 a 6.1.6 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.1.11 Xx 120 xxxxxxxxx (xxxxx xxxxxx) xx xxxxxxx varu xx xxxxx x xxxxxx xx varné xxxxx (5.1) xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxx xx 0,2xx xxxxxxx x nakonec xx xxxxxxx, xxxxx se xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx právě xxxxxxxxx.
Xx konci tohoto xxxxxxx xxxx být xxxx mezi xxxxx xx xxxx následujícími xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 10 až 15 sekund.
Toto přidávání xxxx xxx provedeno xxxxx 60 sekund x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx 180 xxxxxx.
X xxxxxx účelu xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx provést xxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxx, příslušně xxxxxxxxx počáteční xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy (6.1.9).
6.1.12 Zaznamená se xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (X0 xx) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (xxx poznámka 4).
6.1.13 Xxxxxxx X0 musí xxx x rozmezí 19,0 xx 21,0 xx standardního xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3).
Xxxxx xx xxxxxxx X0 nachází xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx se xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx X (4.1.1) a xxxxxxxxxxxxxx proces se xxxxxxxx.
6.1.14 Xxxxxxxx x xxxx, xx xxxxxxx X0 xx xxxxxx xxxxx, xx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx standardizaci xxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx x počátečním xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx X0 – 0,5.
Xxxxxxxx 1:
Xxxxx je xxxxxxxxx, xx jakmile nastane xxx, xxxxxxxx páry xx rychlé x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx celé xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x x co xxxxxxxx xxxx xx zabrání xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxx opětovné xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 2:
Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx methylenové xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx x horních vrstvách xxxxxx titrační xxxxx x x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx, tj. x xxxxxxx, xxxxx v xxxxxxxx neobsahují sražený xxxxxxx oxid xxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxx xx snadněji xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx. Je výhodné xxxxxx stínítko xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
Xxxxxxxx 3:
Xxxxxx xx xxxx být xxxxx xxxxxxxxx co xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx tepla.
Poznámka 4:
Vzhledem x tomu, že xxxxx zcela vyloučit xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, musí xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x při xxxxxxx xxxx použít xxxx vlastní xxxxxxx X0 (7.1).
6.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
6.2.1 Xxxxx xxxx známa xxxxxxxxx hodnota redukční xxxx (2.1) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xx xxxxx xxxxxxx předběžnou zkoušku, xxx se xxxxxxx xxxx přibližná xxxxxxx, x mohla tak xxx vypočtena xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx vzorku (6.3).
Xxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx:
6.2.2 Xxxxxxxx xx X % (x/X) xxxxxx vzorku, "X" xx přibližnou xxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.2 x použitím roztoku xxxxxx (6.2.2) xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.4 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x bodě 6.1.1.
6.2.5 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x bodě 6.1.3 x xxxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxx vzorku xxxxxxx 18,0 ml xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy.
6.2.6 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x xxxx 6.1.4.
6.2.7 Xxxxx xxxxx se xxxxxxx k xxxx. Xxxxx se 1 xx roztoku methylenové xxxxx (4.4).
6.2.8 Xxxxxxx xxxxxxx var, spustí xx xxxxxx (5.6) xx xxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxx x xxxxxx xx xxxxx xx 1,0 xx xxxxxxx x odstupem xxx 10 sekund, a xx xx do xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx modři.
Zaznamená xx xxxxxxx spotřeba xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx (X xx) xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 0,5 ml xxxxx.
6.2.9 Xxxxxxx "Y" xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx 50 xx. Xxxxx x xxxx xxxxx, je xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.10 Přibližná xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx síly xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx (x %):
6.3 Zkušební xxxxxx
X xxxxxxxxx na 0,1 mg xx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (xx), xxxxx obsahuje 2,85 xx 3,15 g xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (Xxxxxxxx). Xxx výpočtu xx xxxxxxx buď xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx síly (2.1), xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx x bodě 6.2.10.
6.4 Xxxxxxxx roztok
Zkušební xxxxxx se x xxxxxxx xxxxx o xxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxx xx vodě x xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxx.
6.5 Xxxxxxxxx
6.5.1 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.1.
6.5.2 Xxxxxx (5.2) se xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (6.4) x xxxxxxxx xx nastaví xx xxxx.
6.5.3 Z byrety xx xx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx 18,5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx. Vířením se xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.4 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x bodě 6.1.4.
6.5.5 Xxxxxxxxx se jako x xxxx 6.1.5.
6.5.6 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxx x bodě 6.1.6.
6.5.7 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.7, x xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx namísto xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx dextrosy.
6.5.8 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.8.
6.5.9 Xxxxxxxxx xx jako x xxxx 6.1.9, x xxxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.10 Xxxxxxxxx se xxxx x xxxx 6.1.10.
6.5.11 Postupuje xx xxxx x xxxx 6.1.11, x použitím xxxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx roztoku dextrosy.
6.5.12 Xxxxxxxxx se objem (X1) spotřebovaného xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx při xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.5.13 Xxxxxxx X1 xxxx být x xxxxxxx 19,0 xx 21,0 xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx se hodnota X1 xxxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx xx koncentrace zkušebního xxxxxxx x kroky 6.5.1 xx 6.5.12 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.5.14 Provedou xx dvě xxxxxxxxx x použitím téhož xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
6.6 Xxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx 2 xx stanoví xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
7.1.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxx
Xxxxxxxx síla xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx připraveného vzorku xx xxxx výrazem:
kde
V0 = xxxxx (ml) xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx (4.3) spotřebovaný při xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.1),
X1 = xxxxx (xx) xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx (6.4) xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx (6.5),
X = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x) (6.3) použitého k xxxxxxxx 500 xx xxxxxxxxxx roztoku.
7.1.2 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx ekvivalent xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx hmotnosti xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxx výrazem:
kde
RP = xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx připraveného xxxxxx (7.1.1),
X = obsah xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx hmotnostních.
7.1.3 Xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx, xx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx (7.2).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx dvou xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx rychle za xxxxx z téhož xxxxxx tímtéž xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx být větší xxx 1,0 % xxxxxx aritmetického průměru.
METODA 9
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX POPELA
1. Xxxxxxx a oblast xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx slouží xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx
- xx škrobovém xxxxxx,
- x sušeném xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx,
- x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu,
- v xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
"Xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx popela": xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx při 525 °X xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx sírové xx stanovena jeho xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx x xx xxxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Kyselina xxxxxx, zředěný xxxxxx: xxxxxx x opatrně xx xxxxxxx 100 xx xxxxxxxxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx (xxxxxxx xxx 20 °C = 1,84 x/xx; 96 % m/m) xx 300 xx vody xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxx.
5. Xxxxxxxxx x pomůcky
5.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx, vybavená xxxxxxxxxx a umožňující xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx 525 ± 25 °X.
5.2 Analytické váhy, xxxxxx s xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1 xx.
5.3 Xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, platinový xx xxxxxxxx, vhodného xxxxxx.
5.4 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx čerstvě xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx vlhkosti.
6. Xxxxxx
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxxx xx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x zváží xx. Xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx (na 0,1 xx) xxxxxx 5 x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx, xxxxxxxx 10 x xxxxxxxx monohydrátu xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx 5 xx xxxxxxx kyseliny xxxxxx (4.1) (xxx xxxxxxxx 8.1) a xxxxxx xx x xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxx na xxxxx xxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. Xxxxxxxxxxx, během xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxx (viz xxxxxxxx 8.2), se xxxx xxxxxxxx v xxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx (5.3) xx xxxxxx do muflové xxxx (5.1), xxxxxxxxxx xx 525 ± 25 °C, x xxxxxxx xx x xx, xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx popel. Xx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxx (xxx poznámka 8.3).
Xxxxxx se xxxxx xxx 30 xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx (5.4) a poté xx xxxxx.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx a xxxxxx výpočtu
Obsah xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx k xxxxxxx xx dán vzorcem:
kde
m1 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxx (x),
x0 = xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx zkušebního xxxxxx (x).
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx nebo xxxxxx xx xxxxx x xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 2,0 % jejich xxxxxxxxxxxxx průměru.
8. Xxxxxxxx
8.1 Xxxxxxxx sírová se xxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxx se xxxxxxxxx přílišnému xxxxxx.
8.2 Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxx postupovat xxxxxxxx obezřetně, aby xxxxxxx ke xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx popela xxxxx přílišnému bobtnání xxxxxx.
8.3 Xxxxx je xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (xx. xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx), xxxxxxx xx třeba x xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx po xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx a xxxx xxxxxx xx pece.
METODA 10
XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
1. Xxxxxxx x xxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
- v xxxxx xxxxxxxxx,
- v xxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xxxxx,
- x xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx.
2. Xxxxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx 26 x cukru xx 100 ml, xxxxx xx uzavřen x xxxxxxx o xxxxx 200 mm, xxxxxx xxxxxx polarizovaného xxxxxx.
3. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxx
Xxxxxxxxxx xx stanoví xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxx polarimetru xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx x xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx.
4. Xxxxxxx činidla
4.1 Xxxxxx xxxxxxx: xxxxxxx xxxxxx octanu xxxxxxxxxx.
Xx xxx 1000 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx vody xx xxxxx 560 x xxxxxxx bazického xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx. Xxxx xx 30 xxxxx xxxx x xxxx xx xxxxx xxxx xxxx xxx.
Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx a xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx, aby xxxxxx xxxxxx o xxxxxxx 1,25 x/xx (xxx 20 °X).
Xxxxx xxxxxx je xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
4.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxx
5. Xxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxx
5.1 Sacharimetr xxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 26 x xxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx polarimetr
Tento xxxxxxxx xxxx být xxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx xx xxxxx udržovat xxxxxxx xxxxx 20 °X. Xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
5.2 Xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx.
5.3 Xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxx 200 xx x xxxxxxxxx ± 0,02 xx.
5.4 Analytické xxxx, xxxxxx x přesností xx 0,1 xx.
5.5 Xxxxxxxxxx kalibrované xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx xx xxxxxxx. Baňky xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x xxxxxxx 100,00 ± 0,01 xx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx. Xxxxx s xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx mohou xxx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxxxxx korekcí na 100 xx.
5.6 Vodní xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6. Xxxxxx
6.1 Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Xx xxxxxxxxxxx se naváží 26 ± 0,002 x xxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxx x xxxxxx 100 xx (5.5) obsahující xxx 60 xx xxxx.
Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx, xxxxxx však xxxxxxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxx vyčiřit, xxxxx xx 0,5 xx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx (4.1).
Xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx baňky x stěny xxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx tak xxxxxx, xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx 10 xx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx xxxxxx xx xxxxx xxxxx (5.6) xxxxxxxxxx xxx 20 ± 0,1 °X a xxxxxxx xx xxx xxx xxxxxx, xxxxx xx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx roztoku xxxxxxxx.
Xxxxxxx bubliny xxxxxxxxx xx povrchu xxxxxxxx xx odstraní xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx (4.2).
Roztok xx xxxxxx xxxxx xx xxxxx.
Xxxxx xx zazátkuje x xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx alespoň trojnásobným xxxxxxxxx dnem xxxxxx.
Xxxxx xx nechá xxx xxxxx stát.
6.2 Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx
Xx xxxx všech xxxx xxxxxxxxx úkonů xx udržuje xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X.
6.2.1 Xxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxx xx nulu.
6.2.2 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx. Xxxxxxx 10 xx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx. Xxxx se xx xxxxxxx 50 xx xxxxxxxx.
6.2.3 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xx promyje dvojnásobným xxxxxxxxxxxxx roztokem xxxxxx xxxxxxxx k xxxxxxx (6.2.2).
6.2.4 Xxxxxxx se xxx xxxxxxx 20 ± 0,1 °X xxxxxxx xxxxxx roztokem xxxxxx určeného x xxxxxxx.
Xxx xxxxxxxxx uzavírací xxxxxxxx xx odstraní xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx bubliny. Xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx se xxxxxx do xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx.
6.2.5 Xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,05°X xxxx 0,02 úhlových stupňů. Xxxxx xx xxxxxxxx xxxxx čtyřikrát. Vypočte xx průměr x xxxxxx xxxx měření.
7. Xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
7.1 Xxxxxx x xxxxxx výpočtu
Výsledky xxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx S x xxxxxxxxx xx 0,1°X. Xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx na xxxxxx X xx xxxxxxx xxxxx vzorec:
S = xxxxxx stupeň × 2,889
7.2 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx stanovení xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xx sebou x téhož xxxxxx xxxxxx pracovníkem xx xxxxxxxxx podmínek xxxxx xxx xxxxx xxx 0,1°X, xxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxx z xxxx xxxxxx.